| | | yellow head virus | Absent | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Dermatophilus congolensis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Mycobacterium bovis | Present | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Bacteroidetes | Paenibacillus larvae | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Bacillus anthracis | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Melissococcus plutonius | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma gallisepticum | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (SC) type | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma synoviae | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Anaplasma marginale | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella abortus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella melitensis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella ovis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella suis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Burkholderia pseudomallei | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Candidatus Hepatobacter penaei | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Coxiella burnetii | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ehrlichia ruminantium | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Francisella tularensis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Pasteurella multocida | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella abortusovis | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella gallinarum | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella pullorum | Present | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Taylorella equigenitalis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xenohaliotis californiensis | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Aphanomyces astaci | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Aphanomyces invadans | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Chytridiomycota | Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Acarapis woodi (honeybee mite) | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aethina tumida | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Agrius cingulatus (pink-spotted hawkmoth) | Present | | | Bauer and Traub (1980) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurodicus dispersus (whitefly) | Present | | | Monteiro et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurotrachelus atratus (palm-infesting whitefly) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Borowiec et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidomytilus albus (tapioca scale) | Present | Introduced | | NHM (1982) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1968) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Artemia (brine shrimp) | Present | Native | | Van (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aspidiotus destructor (coconut scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1966) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera dorsalis (Oriental fruit fly) | Present | Introduced | | Duarte (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bagrada hilaris (painted bug) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly) | Present, Widespread | | | CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysodeixis chalcites (golden twin-spot moth) | Present | Native | | UK, CAB International (1977); CABI (Undated); |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale) | Present | | | Fernandes (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomya bezziana (Old World screw-worm) | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm) | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cryptotermes brevis (powderpost termite) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Culex quinquefasciatus (southern house mosquito) | Present, Widespread | | | Alves et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dacus ciliatus (lesser pumpkin fly) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ephestia kuehniella (Mediterranean flour moth) | Present | | | Pereira et al. (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ferrisia virgata (striped mealybug) | Present | | | Harten et al. (1990) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1993); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (black tea thrips) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hemiberlesia lataniae (latania scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1971); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Insignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia) | Present | | | NHM (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nezara viridula (green stink bug) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1970) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nomadacris septemfasciata (red locust) | Present | | | Chopard (1936); Chopard (1958); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Opogona sacchari (banana moth) | Present | Native | Invasive | Davis and Peña (1990); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paratrechina longicornis (crazy ant) | Present | | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea absoluta (tomato leafminer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Duarte (2013); Duarte and Vanize (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Planococcus citri (citrus mealybug) | Present | | | NHM (1986); CABI and EPPO (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) | Present, Widespread | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (mulberry scale) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Scirtothrips aurantii (South African citrus thrips) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sitophilus zeamais (greater grain weevil) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera exempta (black armyworm) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1972); Haggis (1984); Rose et al. (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | FAO (2017); Sarr et al. (2021); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera littoralis (cotton leafworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tapinoma melanocephalum (ghost ant) | Present | Introduced | | Wetterer (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Thaumatotibia leucotreta (false codling moth (FCM)) | Present | Native | | Mück (1985); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tropilaelaps | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Varroa destructor (Varroa mite) | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus perforans (island pinhole borer) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1973); Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Zaprionus tuberculatus | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Bos taurus (cattle) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Columba livia (pigeons) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Heterotis niloticus (African bonytongue) | Present | Introduced | | Froese R and Pauly D (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Pullin et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Pullin et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Passer domesticus (house sparrow) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ploceus cucullatus (village weaver bird) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Psittacula krameri (rose-ringed parakeet) | Absent, Formerly present | | | Forshaw (1978); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rachycentron canadum (cobia) | Present | Native | | IUCN (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tyto alba (Barn owl) | Present | Native | | BirdLife International (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Cnidaria | Tubastraea coccinea (orange-cup coral) | Present | | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Deroceras laeve (meadow slug) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Hutchinson et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Magallana gigas (Pacific oyster) | Present | Introduced | | Merino (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Melanoides tuberculata (red-rimmed melania) | Present | Introduced | | Dohrn (1869) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Theba pisana (white garden snail) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | Baker (1986) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) | Present | | | Santos (1983); Flis et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Trichinella | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Echinococcus granulosus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Echinococcus multilocularis | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Gyrodactylus salaris | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Taenia solium | Present | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Planctomycetes [kingdom] | | Chlamydophila abortus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Planctomycetes [kingdom] | | Chlamydophila psittaci | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Chlorophyta | Caulerpa taxifolia (killer algae) | Present | Native | | Guiry and Guiry (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Christella dentata (soft fern) | Present | Native | | Porter (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteris vittata (Chinese ladder brake fern) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Rhodophyta | Hypnea musciformis | Present | Native | | John et al. (2004); Prud'homme Reine et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Rhodophyta | Polysiphonia brodiei | Present | Native | | Lawson et al. (1995); John et al. (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abutilon grandifolium (hairy Indian mallow) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abutilon hirtum (Indian mallow) | Present | Native | | Achigan-Dako (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia caven (Roman cassie) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia colei | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia cyclops (coastal wattle) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia mearnsii (black wattle) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia nilotica (gum arabic tree) | Present, Planted | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia saligna (coojong) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Achyranthes aspera (devil's horsewhip) | Present, Localized | | | Duarte et al. (1999) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Agave sisalana (sisal hemp) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratum conyzoides (billy goat weed) | Present | Introduced | | PROTA (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia lebbeck (Indian siris) | Present | Introduced | | Orwa et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aloe vera (true aloe) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anagallis arvensis (scarlet pimpernel) | Present | | | Duarte (1995); Figueiredo (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anredera cordifolia (Madeira vine) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Argemone mexicana (Mexican poppy) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arundo donax (giant reed) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Atriplex semibaccata (Australian saltbush) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Azadirachta indica (neem tree) | Present | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Balanites aegyptiaca (simple-thorned torchwood) | Present | Introduced | | Orwa et al. (2009); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bidens pilosa (blackjack) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bothriochloa bladhii (Caucasian bluestem) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bougainvillea spectabilis (great bougainvillea) | Present | Introduced | | De Barros Fernandes (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica nigra (black mustard) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calotropis procera (apple of sodom) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine) | Present | | | PROTA (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Carpobrotus edulis (hottentot fig) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Weber (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Casuarina equisetifolia (casuarina) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus biflorus (Indian sandbur) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass) | Present | | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurium tenuiflorum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chloris gayana (Rhodes grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chloris virgata (feather finger grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cleome rutidosperma (fringed spiderflower) | Present | | | Duarte (1995); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cleome viscosa (Asian spiderflower) | Present | | | PROTA (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clitoria ternatea (butterfly-pea) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears) | Present | Introduced | | Sánchez-Pinto et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Colocasia esculenta (taro) | Present | Introduced | | Safo-Kantaka (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cucumis anguria (West Indian gherkin) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuscuta planiflora | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge) | Present | | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2016); Lima and Duclos (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura innoxia (downy thorn apple) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dichanthium annulatum (Kleberg's bluestem) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dichrostachys cinerea (sickle bush) | Present | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass) | Present | | | Lima and Duclos (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | King and Dhileepan (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa colona (junglerice) | Present | | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eleusine indica (goose grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis atrovirens (thalia lovegrass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis barrelieri | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis ciliaris (gophertail lovegrass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis pilosa (India lovegrass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum) | Present | Introduced | | Orwa et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia hypericifolia (graceful spurge) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia tirucalli (Indian-tree spurge) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus carica (common fig) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2014); Weber (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus microcarpa (Indian laurel tree) | Present | | | Weber (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Furcraea foetida (Mauritius hemp) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Govaerts and Barker (2013); Duarte et al. (2005); Marrero and Almeida Pérez (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gomphrena globosa (globe amaranth) | Present | | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Heliotropium curassavicum (salt heliotrope) | Present | | | Martins (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Heteropogon contortus (spear grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera suffruticosa (Anil indigo) | Present | Introduced | | PROTA (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera tinctoria (true indigo) | Present | Native | | Bisby et al. (1994); ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea cairica (five-fingered morning glory) | Present | Introduced | | POWO (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea ochracea (fence morning-glory) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea quamoclit (cypress vine) | Present | Introduced | | WCSP (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jacaranda mimosifolia (jacaranda) | Present, Planted | | | Diniz (1996) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jasminum fluminense (Brazilian jasmine) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jatropha curcas (jatropha) | Present | Introduced | | Serra (1950); Caius (1986) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jatropha gossypiifolia (bellyache bush) | Present | | | CSIRO (1998) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kalanchoe pinnata (cathedral bells) | Present | Introduced | | Boiteau and Allorge-Boiteau (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lantana camara (lantana) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Chevalier (1935) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Launaea intybacea (bitter lettuce) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lemna aequinoctialis (lesser duckweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leonurus japonicus (honeyweed) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucaena diversifolia | Present | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia hyssopifolia (water primrose) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia octovalvis (primrose willow) | Present | | | Raven (1963) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melia azedarach (Chinaberry) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis minutiflora (molasses grass) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Clayton et al. (2014); USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis repens (natal redtop) | Present | | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mentha pulegium (pennyroyal) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia aegyptia (hairy woodrose) | Present | Introduced | | Gonçalves (1996) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mesosphaerum pectinatum (comb bushmint) | Present | Introduced | | CJB (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ocimum gratissimum (African basil) | Present | Introduced | | WCSP (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parkinsonia aculeata (Mexican palo-verde) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalidium geminatum (Egyptian paspalidium) | Present | Native | | Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum macrourum (African feather grass) | Present | | | Weber (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum pedicellatum (deenanath grass) | Present, Widespread | Native | Invasive | Heper (1972); Poilecot (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum polystachion (mission grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pereskia aculeata (Lemon-vine) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phragmites australis (common reed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Physalis angulata (cutleaf groundcherry) | Present | Introduced | | Mairura (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Physalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pimenta dioica (allspice) | Present | | | FAO (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pithecellobium dulce (Manila tamarind) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago major (broad-leaved plantain) | Present | | | Pinto Basto (1996) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polycarpon tetraphyllum (fourleaf allseed) | Present | | | Diniz (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prosopis glandulosa (honey mesquite) | Present, Few occurrences, Planted | Introduced | | Harris et al. (1996) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prosopis juliflora (mesquite) | Present, Few occurrences, Planted | Introduced | | Pasiecznik et al. (2001); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prosopis pallida (mesquite) | Present, Widespread, Planted | Introduced | | Harris et al. (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prosopis velutina (velvet mesquite) | Present, Few occurrences, Planted | Introduced | | Harris et al. (1996) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prunella vulgaris (self-heal) | Present | Native | | WCSP (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Psidium guajava (guava) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Weber (2003); FAO (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ricinus communis (castor bean) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rivina humilis (bloodberry) | Present | Introduced | | Figueiredo (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rottboellia cochinchinensis (itch grass) | Present | Native | | Lima and Duclos (2001); Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sambucus nigra (elder) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna italica (Senegal senna) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania grandiflora (sesbania) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania sesban (sesban) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria verticillata (bristly foxtail) | Present | | | Lima and Duclos (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silene gallica (common catchfly) | Present | | | Diniz (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spathodea campanulata (African tulip tree) | Present | Introduced | | Diniz (1996) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spermacoce verticillata (shrubby false buttonwood) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stachys arvensis (staggerweed) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stellaria media (common chickweed) | Present | | | Diniz (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stictocardia tiliifolia (spottedheart) | Present | Introduced | | Gomes et al. (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Striga gesnerioides (cowpea witchweed) | Present | | | Hepper (1963); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarindus indica (tamarind) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tecoma stans (yellow bells) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Terminalia catappa (Singapore almond) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tetragonia tetragonioides (New Zealand spinach) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tradescantia zebrina (wandering jew) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tragus racemosus (stalker bur grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tribulus cistoides (false puncture vine) | Present | | | Exell et al. (1963) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Trifolium glomeratum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triumfetta rhomboidea (diamond burbark) | Present | Introduced | | Sánchez-Pinto et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ziziphus mauritiana (jujube) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Paramyxea | Marteilia refringens | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Babesia | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Bonamia exitiosa | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Bonamia ostreae | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Mikrocystos mackini | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Perkinsus marinus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Toxoplasma gondii | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Tritrichomonas foetus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Trypanosoma equiperdum | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Trypanosoma evansi | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | African cassava mosaic virus (African cassava mosaic) | Present, Widespread | | | EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | African horse sickness virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | African swine fever virus | Present | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | avian infectious bronchitis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | avian metapneumovirus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Avipoxvirus | Present | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Banana streak disease | Present | Native | Invasive | Diekmann and Putter (1996) |
Virus | | | bluetongue virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | bovine herpesvirus 1 | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | bovine leukemia virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | bovine viral diarrhea virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | camelpox virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | caprine arthritis encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Cassava mosaic disease (African cassava mosaic) | Present, Widespread | | | CABI and EPPO (1998) |
Virus | | | classical swine fever virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | eastern equine encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | epizootic haematopoietic necrosis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | equid herpesvirus 1 | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | equine arteritis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | equine infectious anaemia virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | equine influenzavirus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | foot-and-mouth disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | fowlpox virus | Present | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Gallid herpesvirus 2 | Present | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Haliotid herpesvirus 1 | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | infectious bursal disease virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | infectious myonecrosis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | infectious salmon anemia virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | influenza A virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Japanese encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | lumpy skin disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | myxoma virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Nairobi sheep disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Newcastle disease virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Nipah virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | peste des petits ruminants virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | rabies virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | red sea bream iridovirus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Rift Valley fever virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | rinderpest virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | spring viraemia of carp virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Sugarcane mosaic virus (sugarcane mosaic) | Present | | | ISSCT (1989) |
Virus | | | Suid herpesvirus 1 | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | swine vesicular disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Taura syndrome virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (leaf curl) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | transmissible gastroenteritis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | vesicular stomatitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | visna/maedi virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | West Nile virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | western equine encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | White spot syndrome virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |