Invasive Species Compendium

Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide

Datasheet

Costa Rica

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Datasheet

Costa Rica

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  • Last modified
  • 19 November 2019

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List of Species

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The table lists the species recorded in the Compendium for this region(from the full species datasheets). It includes species that are invasive in this region, those for which there is no data on invasive status, and also species that are not invasive in the region but are reported as invasive elsewhere. This summary table is based on all the information available.When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the distribution record. For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

Domain Kingdom Phylum Species Distribution Origin Invasive References
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (bacterial canker of tomato)PresentBradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2020)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (Potato ring rot)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2020)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Mycobacterium bovisPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaBacteroidetesPaenibacillus larvaePresentOIE (2009)
BacteriaFirmicutesBacillus thuringiensis kurstakiPresentCABI (Undated)
BacteriaFirmicutesCandidatus Phytoplasma asteris (yellow disease phytoplasmas)PresentVillalobos et al. (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesCandidatus Phytoplasma phoeniciumPresentVillalobos et al. (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesMelissococcus plutoniusPresentCalderón and Sánchez (2011); OIE (2009)
BacteriaFirmicutesMycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniaeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaFirmicutesMycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (SC) typeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaProteobacteriaAcidovorax citrulli (fruit blotch)PresentCABI and EPPO (2011); Mora-Umaña and Araya (2002); EPPO (2020)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBrucella ovisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBrucella suisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaProteobacteriacitrus huanglongbing (greening) disease (citrus greening)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaCoxiella burnetiiAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaProteobacteriaEhrlichia ruminantiumAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaProteobacteriaLiberibacter asiaticus (Asian greening)Present, LocalizedFAO (2011); Molina-Bravo et al. (2015); CABI/EPPO (2017); EPPO (2020)
BacteriaProteobacteriaRalstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt of potato)PresentEPPO (2020)
BacteriaProteobacteriaRalstonia solanacearum race 1 (bacterial wilt of solanaceous crops)PresentCABI and EPPO (1999)
BacteriaProteobacteriaRalstonia solanacearum race 2 (moko disease)PresentCABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2020)
BacteriaProteobacteriaSalmonella AbortusequiAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaProteobacteriaSalmonella abortusovisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
BacteriaProteobacteriaTaylorella equigenitalisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (bean blight)PresentBradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2020)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas citri (citrus canker)Absent, Confirmed absent by surveyEPPO (2020)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXylella fastidiosa (Pierce's disease of grapevines)PresentGoheen et al. (1979); Rodríguez et al. (2001); Aguilar et al. (2005); Wickert et al. (2007); Montero-Astúa et al. (2008); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPhytophthora cinnamomi (Phytophthora dieback)PresentUK, CAB International (1991); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPhytophthora infestans (Phytophthora blight)PresentUK, CAB International (1982); Knapova and Gisi (2002)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPlasmopara viticola (grapevine downy mildew)PresentUK, CAB International (1988)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaCeratocystis fimbriata (Ceratocystis blight)Present, LocalizedNativeMartin (1949); ECHANDI and SEGALL (1956); Siller (1958); Webster and Butler (1967); Engelbrecht and Harrington (2005); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaColletotrichum acutatum (black spot of strawberry)PresentEPPO (2020); CABI and EPPO (2010)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaFusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Panama disease of banana)PresentIntroducedInvasiveFourie et al. (2009); Dita et al. (2010); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaGuignardia citricarpa (citrus black spot)Absent, Confirmed absent by surveyEPPO (2020)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaMycosphaerella dearnessii (brown spot needle blight)PresentEvans (1984); CABI and EPPO (2010); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaMycosphaerella fijiensis (black Sigatoka)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveStover (1980); Mourichon and Fullerton (1990); CABI and EPPO (2011); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaMycosphaerella gibsonii (needle blight of pine)PresentUK, CAB International (1994)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaMycosphaerella pini (Dothistroma blight)PresentEPPO (2020); CABI and EPPO (2010)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaPhomopsis vexans (Phomopsis blight of eggplant)PresentCABI and EPPO (2008)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaPseudocercospora angolensis (leaf spot of Citrus spp.)Absent, Confirmed absent by surveyEPPO (2020)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaPseudocercospora ulei (South American leaf blight of rubber (SALB))PresentIntroducedInvasiveStevenson (1935); UK, CAB International (1990); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaSeiridium cardinale (cypress canker)PresentIntroducedArguedas Gamboa (1996); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaTrichoconiella padwickii (stackburn disease)PresentIntroducedInvasiveAlizaga et al. (1983); UK, CAB International (1984)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaAustropuccinia psidii (myrtle rust)PresentStéfano et al. (1998); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaMoniliophthora roreri (frosty pod rot)PresentInvasiveEnriquez and Suarez (1978); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPhakopsora euvitis (grape rust fungus)PresentEPPO (2020); CABI and EPPO (2007)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPhakopsora pachyrhizi (soyabean rust)Present, LocalizedCABI and EPPO (2015); Murillo-Williams et al. (2015); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPhellinus noxius (brown tea root disease)PresentCABI and EPPO (1997)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPuccinia graminis (stem rust of cereals)Present, Few occurrencesMuller (1953)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPuccinia kuehnii (orange rust)PresentCABI and EPPO (2015); Chavarría et al. (2009); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaFungiChytridiomycotaBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd)Present, WidespreadPuschendorf et al. (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAcarapis woodi (honeybee mite)PresentOIE (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAceria guerreronis (coconut mite)PresentCABI and EPPO (2006); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito)PresentIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAgrius cingulatus (pink-spotted hawkmoth)PresentSchotman (1989)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurocanthus woglumi (citrus blackfly)PresentEPPO (2020); Mound and Halsey (1978); Elizondo and Quezada (1990); UK, CAB International (1995)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurodicus dispersus (whitefly)PresentLaprade Coto (2005); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated); NHM (undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurothrixus floccosus (woolly whitefly)PresentEPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurotrachelus atratus (palm-infesting whitefly)PresentIntroducedEvans (2008)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAmphibalanus improvisus (bay barnacle)PresentInvasiveHenry and McLaughlin (1975)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnartia fatimaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha fraterculus (South American fruit fly)Present, WidespreadNativeStone (1942); Jirón et al. (1988); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha ludens (Mexican fruit fly)Present, LocalizedStone (1942); UK, CAB International (1958); Jirón et al. (1988); Epsky (2003); Ruiz-Arce et al. (2015); Scally et al. (2016); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha obliqua (West Indian fruit fly)Present, WidespreadNativeJiron and Hedström (1988); Jirón et al. (1988); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated);
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha serpentina (sapodilla fruit fly)Present, WidespreadNativeGreene (1934); Stone (1942); Jiron and Hedström (1988); Jirón and Hedström (1991); CABI and EPPO (2001); Epsky (2003); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha striata (guava fruit fly)Present, WidespreadNativeStone (1942); Jiron and Hedström (1988); Steck et al. (1990); CABI and EPPO (2002); Epsky (2003); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnthonomus grandis (Mexican cotton boll weevil)PresentJohnson et al. (1973); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAonidiella aurantii (red scale)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAphis gossypii (cotton aphid)PresentUK, CAB International (1968); Sánchez-Monge et al. (2010)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUK, CAB International (1969); Sánchez-Monge et al. (2010)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaApis mellifera scutellata (africanized bee)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated); Nielsen et al. (2000); Wojcik (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaArtemia (brine shrimp)PresentNativeVan (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAspidiotus destructor (coconut scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1966)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAulacaspis yasumatsui (cycad aulacaspis scale)PresentMuniappan et al. (2012); IPPC (2008); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly)Present, LocalizedCosta et al. (1993); CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBemisia tabaci (MEAM1) (silverleaf whitefly)Presentde Barro (1995); CABI and EPPO (1999); Pongtharin Lotrakul et al. (2000); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBemisia tabaci (MED) (silverleaf whitefly)PresentGuevara-Coto et al. (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBlattella germanica (German cockroach)PresentIntroducedVargas V. and Fisk (1973)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBoophilus microplusPresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBrevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite)PresentAguilar-Piedra and Solano-Guevara (2020); Rodrigues et al. (2002); Aguilar and Murillo (2012); CABI/EPPO (2013); Beard et al. (2015); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCallinectes sapidus (blue crab)PresentNativeTavares (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCeratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveEnkerlin et al. (1989); Gasparich et al. (1997); Davies et al. (1999); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChrysomphalus aonidum (circular scale)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1969)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm)Absent, EradicatedWyss (2000); OIE (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCrocidosema plebejana (cotton tipworm)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCryptotermes brevis (powderpost termite)PresentIntroducedInvasiveSnyder (1934)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCulex quinquefasciatus (southern house mosquito)Present, WidespreadIntroducedHeinemann and Belkin (1977)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDiabrotica virgifera virgifera (western corn rootworm)PresentNativeCABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDialeurodes citri (citrus whitefly)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDiaphorina citri (Asian citrus psyllid)PresentCABI/EPPO (2011); Villalobos et al. (2005); Molina-Bravo et al. (2015); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDrosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2020); Hauser (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug)PresentUK, CAB International (1972); Ben-Dov (1994); Miranda Vindas and Blanco Metzler (2013); Palma-Jiménez and Blanco-Meneses (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDysmicoccus neobrevipes (grey pineapple mealybug)PresentGarcía Morales et al. (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaEriosoma lanigerum (woolly aphid)PresentUK, CAB International (1975)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaEuwallacea perbrevis (tea shot-hole borer)Present, LocalizedCABI and EPPO (2013); Kirkendall and Ødegaard (2007); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaFerrisia virgata (striped mealybug)PresentUK, CAB International (1966); Ben-Dov (1994); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaFrankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips)PresentNakahara (1997); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGreenidea ficicolaPresentCABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGymnandrosoma aurantianum (citrus fruit borer)PresentAdamski and Brown (2001); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGynaikothrips ficorum (Cuban laurel thrips)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHaplaxius crudus (American palm cixiid)PresentNativeKramer (1979)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHelicoverpa zea (American cotton bollworm)PresentEPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHemiberlesia lataniae (latania scale)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHemiberlesia rapax (greedy scale (USA))PresentSchotman (1989)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHypothenemus hampei (coffee berry borer)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaInsignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia)PresentUK, CAB International (1957)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLeptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado potato beetle)Absent, Formerly presentEPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLeptoglossus occidentalis (western conifer-seed bug)PresentIntroducedvan der Heyden (2019); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLiriomyza huidobrensis (serpentine leafminer)PresentIntroducedSpencer (1983); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLiriomyza sativae (vegetable leaf miner)PresentEPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLiriomyza trifolii (American serpentine leafminer)PresentCABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLitopenaeus vannamei (whiteleg shrimp)PresentNativeCABI (Undated);
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMaconellicoccus hirsutus (pink hibiscus mealybug)Present, LocalizedIPPC (2014); CABI and EPPO (2015); IPPC (2017); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMacrobrachium rosenbergii (giant freshwater prawn)PresentIntroducedNew (2000)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMegaplatypus mutatusAbsent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMonomorium pharaonis (pharaoh ant)PresentIntroducedInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMononychellus tanajoa (cassava green mite)PresentEPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMythimna unipuncta (rice armyworm)PresentNativeUK, CAB International (1967)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMyzus persicae (green peach aphid)PresentSmith and Cermeli (1979); UK, CAB International (1979); Sánchez-Monge et al. (2010)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaNezara viridula (green stink bug)PresentUK, CAB International (1970)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaNipaecoccus nipae (spiked mealybug)PresentBen-Dov (1994); CABI and EPPO (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaOpogona sacchari (banana moth)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParacoccus marginatus (papaya mealybug)PresentNativeWilliams and Granara de Willink (1992); Miller et al. (1999); CABI/EPPO (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParatrechina longicornis (crazy ant)PresentIntroducedInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPheidole megacephala (big-headed ant)PresentIntroducedInvasiveKempf (1972)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth)Present, WidespreadHilje (1994); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhyllocnistis citrella (citrus leaf miner)PresentUK, CAB International (1986); Elizondo Solís (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPlanococcus citri (citrus mealybug)PresentCABI and EPPO (1999)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPlutella xylostella (diamondback moth)Present, WidespreadUK, CAB International (1967)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPolyphagotarsonemus latus (broad mite)PresentAguilar-Piedra and Solano-Guevara (2020); Aguilar and Murillo (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaProcambarus clarkii (red swamp crayfish)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaProstephanus truncatus (larger grain borer)PresentNativeHodges (1986); UK, CAB International (1995); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPseudaulacaspis pentagona (mulberry scale)PresentEPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPseudococcus elisae (banana mealybug)PresentGimpel and Miller (1996); Beardsley (1986); Williams and Granara de Willink (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPseudococcus viburni (obscure mealybug)PresentGimpel and Miller (1996); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRhagoletis pomonella (apple maggot)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRhynchophorus palmarum (South American palm weevil)PresentWattanapongsiri (1966); Chinchilla and Oehlschlager (1992); Chinchilla and Oehlschlager (1993); Oehlschlager et al. (2002); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSaissetia oleae (olive scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1952)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSchistocerca nitens (gray bird grasshopper)Present, WidespreadIntroducedRowell (1998)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaScyphophorus acupunctatus (agave weevil)PresentO'Brien and Wibmer (1982); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSepedomerus macropus (liverfluke snail predator fly)PresentNeff and Berg (1966)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSolenopsis geminata (tropical fire ant)PresentNativePerfecto and Vandermeer (1996); ISSG (2009); Gotzek et al. (2015); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSolenopsis invicta (red imported fire ant)PresentCABI and EPPO (2010); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSpodoptera eridania (southern armyworm)PresentEPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSpodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)PresentEPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTapinoma melanocephalum (ghost ant)PresentIntroducedShepard and Gibson (1972)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTecia solanivora (potato tuber moth)PresentPovolny (1973); Barroso (1974); CABI and EPPO (2001); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite)PresentAguilar and Murillo (2012); International Institute of Entomology (1996)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaThrips palmi (melon thrips)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaToxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid)Present, LocalizedLastra et al. (1991); CABI and EPPO (1998); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTrialeurodes vaporariorum (whitefly, greenhouse)PresentAlpizar (1993); Castro et al. (2009); Vargas et al. (2011); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTuta absoluta (South American tomato pinworm)Present, WidespreadIntroducedCABI and EPPO (2013); Lobos et al. (2013); IPPC (2014); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaUnaspis citri (citrus snow scale)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaVarroa destructor (Varroa mite)PresentOIE (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaWasmannia auropunctata (little fire ant)PresentNativeInvasiveISSG (2014); Wetterer and Porter (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaXyleborus volvulusPresentNativeWood and Bright (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaXylosandrus crassiusculus (Asian ambrosia beetle)PresentCABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaXylosandrus morigerus (brown twig beetle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveWood and Bright (1992); Jordal and Kirkendall (1998); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAmatitlania nigrofasciata (convict cichlid)Present, WidespreadNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAnolis cristatellus (Puerto Rican crested anole)PresentIntroducedFitch (1975); Savage (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAristichthys nobilis (bighead carp)PresentIntroducedWelcomme (1988); FishBase (2004); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBelonesox belizanus (pike killifish)Present, WidespreadNativeBussing (1998)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBoa imperator (Central American Boa)Present, WidespreadNativeHynková et al. (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBos taurus (cattle)PresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCanis latrans (Coyote)PresentNativeInvasiveIUCN (2012); Cove et al. (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCarassius auratus auratus (goldfish)PresentIntroducedFroese and Pauly (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataColumba livia (pigeons)PresentIntroducedInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCtenopharyngodon idella (grass carp)PresentIntroducedShireman and Smith (1983); Welcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCtenosaura similis (black spiny-tailed iguana)PresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCyprinus carpio (common carp)PresentIntroducedWelcomme (1988); Lever (1998)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataDidelphis marsupialis (common opossum)Present, WidespreadNativeIUCN (2015)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataHemidactylus frenatus (common house gecko)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveKronauer (1999)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataHerpestes auropunctatus (small Indian mongoose)PresentIntroducedInvasiveISSG (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataHypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp)PresentIntroducedFroese and Pauly (2004); FishBase (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataIctalurus punctatus (channel catfish)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedCam (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataIguana iguana (iguana)PresentNativeLeenders (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMicropterus salmoides (largemouth bass)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedBussing (1998)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMolothrus bonariensis (shiny cowbird)PresentAvibase (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMylopharyngodon piceus (black amur)PresentIntroducedWelcomme (1988)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout)PresentIntroducedBussing (1998); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOreochromis aureus (blue tilapia)PresentIntroducedFAO (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia)PresentIntroducedPullin et al. (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia)PresentIntroducedWelcomme (1988); Pullin et al. (1997); FAO (2002); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOsteopilus septentrionalis (Cuban treefrog)PresentIntroducedInvasiveSomma et al. (2018); IUCN (2017); Frost (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPoecilia reticulata (guppy)PresentIntroducedBussing (1998); Froese and Pauly (2007)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataProcyon lotor (raccoon)PresentNativeGoldman (1950)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPterois volitans (lionfish)PresentIntroducedInvasiveSchofield (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRachycentron canadum (cobia)PresentNativeIUCN (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRana catesbeiana (American bullfrog)PresentIntroducedSantos-Barrera et al. (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRhinella marina (cane toad)PresentNativeInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataTrachemys scripta elegans (red-eared slider)PresentIntroducedInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataTyto alba (Barn owl)PresentNativeBruce (1999)
EukaryotaMetazoaCnidariaTubastraea coccinea (orange-cup coral)PresentInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaEchinodermataAcanthaster planci (crown-of-thorns starfish)PresentInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaCrassostrea virginica (eastern oyster)Present, LocalizedNativeFIGIS (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaDeroceras invadens (tramp slug)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaDeroceras laeve (meadow slug)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHutchinson et al. (2014)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaMagallana gigas (Pacific oyster)PresentIntroducedZuniga et al. (1998); Arias et al. (1999)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaMarisa cornuarietis (giant ramshorn)PresentNativeTaylor (1993); Simone (2006); Cowie and Hayes (2012); Horgan et al. (2014)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaPinctada imbricata radiata (rayed pearl oyster)PresentNativeLeal (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaBelonolaimus longicaudatus (sting nematode)PresentLopez (1979); CABI and EPPO (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaDitylenchus dipsaci (stem and bulb nematode)PresentCABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaGlobodera pallida (white potato cyst nematode)Present, LocalizedIPPC (2008); Obando Vergara et al. (2017); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaGlobodera rostochiensis (yellow potato cyst nematode)Absent, Formerly presentCABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaHelicotylenchus multicinctus (banana spiral nematode)PresentSher (1966); CABI and EPPO (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode)PresentLopez (1984); CABI and EPPO (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne enterolobii (Pacara earpod tree root-knot nematode)PresentHernandez et al. (2004); Tigano et al. (2010); Humphreys et al. (2012); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne hapla (root knot nematode)PresentCABI and EPPO (2002); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode)Present, WidespreadLópez (1985); Sosa Moss (1985); CABI and EPPO (2002); Villain et al. (2013)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm)Present, WidespreadSosa Moss (1985); CABI and EPPO (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaPratylenchus coffeae (banana root nematode)Present, WidespreadCABI and EPPO (2000); Herve et al. (2005); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaRadopholus similis (burrowing nematode)Present, WidespreadCABI and EPPO (1999); Elbadri et al. (1999); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaRhadinaphelenchus cocophilus (red ring nematode)Present, WidespreadTIDMAN (1951); CABI and EPPO (1999); Oehlschlager et al. (2002); Ye et al. (2007); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaScutellonema bradys (yam nematode)PresentHumphreys-Pereira et al. (2014)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaTylenchulus semipenetrans (citrus root nematode)PresentCABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesEchinococcusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
EukaryotaPlanctomycetes [kingdom]Chlamydophila abortusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaAdiantum raddianum (delta maidenhair fern)PresentNativeLellinger (1989)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaAngiopteris evecta (king fern)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChristenhusz and Toivonen (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaAzolla filiculoides (water fern)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaBlechnum appendiculatum (palm fern)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaChristella dentata (soft fern)Present, WidespreadIntroducedGBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaMacrothelypteris torresiana (swordfern)PresentIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaNephrolepis brownii (Asian swordfern)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaPteridium aquilinum (bracken)PresentNativeThomson and Alonso-Amelot (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaPteris tripartita (giant brake)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaSalvinia auriculata (giant salvinia)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaSalvinia minimaPresentGBIF (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaThelypteris opulenta (jewelled maiden fern)PresentIntroducedInvasiveRojas-Alvarado (2011); Smith (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeRhodophytaAcanthophora spiciferaPresentNativeTaylor (1960)
EukaryotaPlantaeRhodophytaHypnea musciformisPresentNativeTaylor (1960)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbelmoschus moschatus (musk mallow)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedFryxell (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbutilon hirtum (Indian mallow)PresentIntroducedAchigan-Dako (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia angustissima (prairie acacia)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2015); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia auriculiformis (northern black wattle)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia dealbata (acacia bernier)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia farnesiana (huisache)PresentNativeILDIS (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia mangium (brown salwood)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcanthocereus tetragonusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcanthospermum hispidum (bristly starbur)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAchillea millefolium (yarrow)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAchyranthes aspera (devil's horsewhip)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAeschynomene americana (shyleaf)PresentNativeILDIS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgave americana (century plant)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgave fourcroydes (henequen)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgave sisalana (sisal hemp)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgave vivipara (Caribbean agave)PresentNativeGarcía-Mendoza and Chiang (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratum conyzoides (billy goat weed)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1979); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratum houstonianum (Blue billygoatweed)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgrostis avenacea (Pacific bent grass)Present, LocalizedIntroducedGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAira caryophyllea (silver hairgrass)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlbizia adinocephala (cream albizia)PresentNativeChavarría et al. (1998); ILDIS (2005); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlbizia niopoides (silk tree)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAleurites moluccanus (candlenut tree)PresentIntroducedBurger and Huft (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAllamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAllium neapolitanum (False onion weed)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlocasia cucullata (Chinese taro)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlocasia macrorrhizos (giant taro)PresentIntroducedHammel et al. (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAloe vera (true aloe)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlpinia purpurata (red ginger)PresentIntroducedHammel et al. (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera sessilis (sessile joyweed)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2014); Sánchez-Monge et al. (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlysicarpus vaginalis (alyce clover)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus hybridus (smooth pigweed)PresentSalas (1985)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed)PresentHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth)PresentNativeDavidse et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAndropogon glomeratus (bushy bluestem)PresentNativeGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAndropogon virginicus (broomsedge)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona cherimola (cherimoya)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedRandall (2012); Flora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona glabra (pond apple)PresentNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona muricata (soursop)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona reticulata (bullock's heart)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona squamosa (sugar apple)PresentIntroducedUSA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009); Randall (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnredera cordifolia (Madeira vine)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2013); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAntigonon leptopus (coral vine)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArgemone mexicana (Mexican poppy)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); Boucher and Nishida (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAristida ternipes (spidergrass)PresentNativeHammel et al. (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAristolochia ringens (Dutchman’s pipe)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2015); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArthraxon hispidus (small carpetgrass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-NRCS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArtocarpus altilis (breadfruit)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated);
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArundo donax (giant reed)Present, PlantedIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2007); Clayton et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsclepias curassavica (bloodflower)Present, WidespreadInvasiveIslam (1979); Wyatt (1980); Holm et al. (1997); Wyatt and Broyles (1997); USDA-ARS (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsparagus densiflorus (asparagus fern)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsparagus setaceus (asparagus fern)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAverrhoa bilimbi (bilimbi)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated);
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAxonopus compressus (carpet grass)PresentVargas et al. (1988)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAxonopus fissifoliusPresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAzadirachta indica (neem tree)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedINBio (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBacopa monnieri (water hyssop)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBambusa bambos (giant thorny bamboo)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBambusa longispiculata (mahal bamboo)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBambusa tuldoides (punting pole bamboo)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBambusa vulgaris (common bamboo)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBauhinia monandra (Napoleon's plume)PresentIntroducedHoldridge and Poveda (1975)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBauhinia purpurea (purple bauhinia)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBegonia nelumbiifolia (lilypad begonia)PresentNativeAcevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBidens pilosa (blackjack)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBixa orellana (annatto)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBocconia frutescens (plume poppy)Present, WidespreadNativeCABI (Undated); Gargiullo et al. (2008); Boucher and Nishida (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBoerhavia coccinea (scarlet spiderling)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBoerhavia diffusa (red spiderling)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBorreria latifolia (broadleaf buttonweed)Present, LocalizedHolm et al. (1979); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBothriochloa ischaemum (yellow bluestem)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBothriochloa pertusa (pitted beard grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBougainvillea spectabilis (great bougainvillea)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrachypodium sylvaticum (slender false brome)Absent, Intercepted onlyHammel et al. (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica juncea (mustard)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica rapa (field mustard)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica rapa subsp. oleifera (turnip rape)PresentCABI Data Mining (undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBreynia disticha (snowbush)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromelia pinguin (wild pineapple)PresentNativeZuchowski (2007); Woodley and Janzen (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrugmansia candida (angel's trumpet)PresentIntroducedChavarría et al. (2000)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrugmansia suaveolens (white angel's trumpet)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCaesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2014); PIER (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCaladium bicolor (heart of Jesus)PresentNativeGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalceolaria tripartitaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalliandra houstoniana (calliandra)PresentNativeWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalliandra houstoniana var. calothyrsus (calliandra)PresentNativeZamora (2010); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCallisia repens (creeping inch-plant)PresentNativeHammel et al. (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalopogonium caeruleum (jicama)PresentNativeILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalopogonium mucunoides (calopo)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalotropis procera (apple of sodom)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCananga odorata (ylang-ylang)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedRandall (2012); Flora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCanavalia ensiformis (jack bean)PresentIntroducedSauer (1964); New York Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCanna indica (canna lilly)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCanna x generalis (canna lily)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCapsicum annuum (bell pepper)PresentFAO (2009); Vargas et al. (2011); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCapsicum baccatum (pepper)PresentIntroducedEshbaugh (1970)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCardamine flexuosa (wavy bittercress)PresentIntroducedGRIIS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCardiospermum grandiflorum (balloon vine)PresentEPPO (2020); PIER (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine)PresentNativeMorales Quirós (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCarludovica palmata (Panama hat plant)PresentNativeIUCN (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCascabela thevetia (yellow oleander)PresentNativePOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCassia fistula (Indian laburnum)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCassia grandis (pink shower)PresentNativeILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCassia javanica (pink shower)PresentIntroducedZamora (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCassytha filiformis (love-vine)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCastilla elastica (Mexican rubber tree)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015); PIER (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCasuarina cunninghamiana (Australian beefwood)PresentIntroducedWorld Agroforestry Centre (2002); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCasuarina equisetifolia (casuarina)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCasuarina glauca (scaly oak (Australia))Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCatharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012); Villalobos et al. (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCecropia peltata (trumpet tree)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCedrela odorata (Spanish cedar)Present, PlantedNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2012); Chacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCenchrus echinatus (southern sandbur)Present, Few occurrencesSoto A. et al. (1986); Holm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCestrum aurantiacum (orange cestrum)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCestrum nocturnum (night jessamine)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChamaecrista nictitans (sensitive partridge pea)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013); Gargiullo et al. (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCheilocostus speciosus (crepe ginger )PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris gayana (Rhodes grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris radiataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris virgata (feather finger grass)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedLobo Cabezas (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChromolaena odorata (Siam weed)PresentNativeGautier (1992)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCinchona pubescens (quinine tree)PresentNativeStandley and Williams (1975)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCinnamomum camphora (camphor laurel)PresentEPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCirsium mexicanum (Mexican thistle)PresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCirsium vulgare (spear thistle)PresentIntroducedForcella and Randall (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCissus verticillata (possum grape vine)PresentNativePOWO (2020); Sánchez-Monge et al. (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCitrus aurantiifolia (lime)PresentFAO (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCitrus aurantium (sour orange)PresentFAO (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCleome viscosa (Asian spiderflower)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedCochrane and Iltis (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClerodendrum chinense (Chinese glory bower)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClerodendrum paniculatum (pagoda flower)PresentIntroducedRueda (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClerodendrum thomsoniae (bleeding glory bower)PresentRueda (1993); Flora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClerodendrum wallichii (Wallich's glorybower)PresentIntroducedRueda (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClidemia hirta (Koster's curse)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2004); Missouri Botanical Garden (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClitoria ternatea (butterfly-pea)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClusia roseaPresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCocos nucifera (coconut)PresentIntroducedGovaerts et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCoix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveDavidse et al. (1994); IABIN (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaColocasia esculenta (taro)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCommelina diffusa (spreading dayflower)PresentHolm et al. (1977); Sánchez-Monge et al. (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConium maculatum (poison hemlock)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2015); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConyza canadensis (Canadian fleabane)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2004); USDA-ARS (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCordia alliodora (Ecuador laurel)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCorymbia citriodora (lemon-scented gum)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCosmos caudatus (wild cosmos)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCosmos sulphureus (sulphur cosmos)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2016); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrassocephalum crepidioides (redflower ragleaf)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrocosmia x crocosmiiflora (montbretia)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrotalaria maypurensis (rattlebox weed)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrotalaria retusa (rattleweed)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrotalaria spectabilis (showy rattlepod)PresentIntroducedZamora (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCroton argenteus (silver July croton)PresentNativeGovaerts (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCryptostegia madagascariensis (Madagascar rubbervine)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCucumis anguria (West Indian gherkin)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCuphea carthagenensis (Colombian waxweed)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCuphea hyssopifolia (false heather)PresentNativeFlora, Mesoamericana (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyanthillium cinereum (little ironweed)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyathula prostrata (pasture weed)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015); Sánchez-Monge et al. (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyclanthera pedataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011); Hord et al. (2001)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCymbopogon citratus (lemongrass)PresentIntroducedZuloaga et al. (2003); Pohl (1980)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1979); Salazar et al. (2013); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCynodon nlemfuensis (African Bermuda-grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus aggregatusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus compressus (annual sedge)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge)PresentIntroducedGómez-Laurito (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus imbricatus (shingle flatsedge)PresentNativeHammel et al. (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus papyrus (papyrus)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge)PresentHolm et al. (1979); Gómez-Laurito (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDactylis glomerata (cocksfoot)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012); MOBOT (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura stramonium (jimsonweed)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDelonix regia (flamboyant)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDesmodium incanum (creeping beggerweed)PresentNativeILDIS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDichanthium annulatum (Kleberg's bluestem)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDichanthium aristatum (angelton bluestem)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDieffenbachia seguine (dumb cane)PresentNativeHEAR (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria bicornis (Asian crabgrass)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass)PresentIntroducedVega and Rúgolo de Agrasar (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria eriantha (pangola grass)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); PIER (2016); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria insularis (sourgrass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria velutina (velvet fingergrass)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDiodia teres (poorjoe)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDioscorea alata (white yam)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012); FAO (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDioscorea bulbifera (air potato)PresentIntroducedHammel et al. (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDioscorea cayenensis (Guinea yam)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper)PresentNativeUlloa (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDombeya wallichii (pink ball)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDracaena fragrans (corn plant)PresentIntroducedPOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDrymaria cordata (tropical chickweed)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1991); Blanco and Hilje (1995); Sánchez-Monge et al. (2010); USDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDuranta erecta (golden dewdrop)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDysphania ambrosioides (Mexican tea)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa colona (junglerice)PresentSoto A. et al. (1986); Clayton et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass)PresentIntroducedMorales (2003); Holm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa crus-pavonis (gulf cockspur grass)PresentNativeTropicos (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa pyramidalisPresentIntroducedZuloaga and Morrone (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinodorus grisebachiiPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEclipta prostrata (eclipta)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEgeria densa (leafy elodea)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEichhornia azurea (anchored water hyacinth)PresentNativeUK, Royal Botanic Gardens (Kew) (2009); USA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009); USDA-ARS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth)PresentGopal (1987); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaElaeagnus umbellata (autumn olive)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedChristenhusz (2009); CABI (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaElaeis guineensis (African oil palm)PresentFAO (2009); Missouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaElephantopus mollis (elephant's foot)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEleusine indica (goose grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1979); Sánchez-Monge et al. (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaElodea canadensis (Canadian pondweed)PresentIntroducedGomez (1984)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia coccinea (scarlet tasselflower)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia fosbergii (Florida tassel-flower)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón E and Saborío (2003); Holm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEntada gigas (sea-bean)PresentNativeILDIS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEpiphyllum oxypetalum (dutchman's-pipe cactus)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis ciliaris (gophertail lovegrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis japonica (pond lovegrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis pilosa (India lovegrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErechtites hieraciifolius (American burnweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErechtites valerianifolius (tropical burnweed)PresentNativeGBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEremochloa ophiuroides (centipedegrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErigeron karvinskianus (Karwinsky’s fleabane)PresentIntroducedPruski (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEriobotrya japonica (loquat)Present, PlantedIntroducedNaturalizedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErythrina berteroana (coralbean)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErythrina poeppigiana (coral tree)Present, PlantedSaborío-R et al. (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEtlingera elatior (torch ginger)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum)Present, PlantedIntroducedGovaerts (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptus globulus (Tasmanian blue gum)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptus robusta (swamp mahogany)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEugenia uniflora (Surinam cherry)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia hypericifolia (graceful spurge)PresentNativePIER (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia leucocephala (white Christmas bush)Presentvan Veldhuisen (2006); Chacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia tithymaloides (devil's backbone)PresentNativeGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia umbellata (African milk bush)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedBurger and Huft (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFallopia baldschuanica (Russian vine)PresentEPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFestuca arundinacea (tall fescue)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus benjamina (weeping fig)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus pumila (creeping fig)PresentIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus religiosa (sacred fig tree)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFimbristylis littoralis (lesser fimbristylis)PresentUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFlacourtia indica (governor's plum)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFlemingia macrophylla (large leaf flemingia)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFlemingia strobilifera (wild hops)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012); Missouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFoeniculum vulgare (fennel)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013); Flora Mesoamericana (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFraxinus uhdei (tropical ash)Present, PlantedNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFurcraea foetida (Mauritius hemp)Present, WidespreadNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier)PresentNativeDavidse et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalinsoga quadriradiata (shaggy soldier)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGarcia nutans (false tung oil tree)PresentNativeGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGliricidia sepium (gliricidia)PresentNativeILDIS (2002); WAC (2005); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGmelina arborea (candahar)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGomphrena globosa (globe amaranth)PresentIntroducedInvasiveIABIN (2008); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGomphrena serrata (arrasa con todo)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGrevillea robusta (silky oak)PresentIntroducedMorales (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHedychium coccineum (scarlet ginger lily)PresentIntroducedRoyal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHedychium coronarium (white butterfly ginger lily)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVargas (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeliocarpus americanus (white moho)Present, WidespreadNativeLay (1949); USDA-ARS (2012); Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeliocarpus donnellsmithii (majagua)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeliotropium curassavicum (salt heliotrope)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeliotropium indicum (Indian heliotrope)PresentHolm et al. (1977)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeterotis rotundifolia (pink lady)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDavidse et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHevea brasiliensis (rubber)PresentFAO (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHura crepitans (sand box)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHydrilla verticillata (hydrilla)PresentIntroducedRojas and Agüero (1996); Chacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHydrocotyle ranunculoides (floating pennywort)PresentUSDA-ARS (2004); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHylocereus undatus (dragon fruit)PresentNativeIUCN (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHymenachne amplexicaulis (hymenachne)PresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyparrhenia rufa (Jaragua grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHypochaeris radicata (cat's ear)PresentIntroducedUSDA-NRCS (2013); PIER (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyptis brevipes (lesser roundweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyptis spicigera (black sesame)PresentRoskov et al. (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyptis suaveolens (pignut)PresentNativeGBIF (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaImpatiens balsamina (garden balsam)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012); GRIIS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaImpatiens walleriana (busy lizzy)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón E and Saborío G (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo)PresentIntroducedPIER (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera suffruticosa (Anil indigo)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera trita (Asian indigo)PresentILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaInga punctata (ice cream bean tree)Present, WidespreadNativeIUCN (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea alba (white moonflower )PresentNativeStaples (2017); Witt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea aquatica (swamp morning-glory)PresentIntroducedSnyder et al. (1981); Nahlik and Mitsch (2006)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea cairica (five-fingered morning glory)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea carneaPresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (bush morning glory)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea hederifolia (scarlet-creeper )PresentNativeStaples (2016); Witt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea imperatiPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea indica (ocean blue morning-glory)PresentStaples (2017); USDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea nil (white edge morning-glory)PresentNativeStaples (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea purpurea (tall morning glory)PresentNativeDavidse et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea quamoclit (cypress vine)PresentInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012); Staples (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea triloba (three-lobe morning glory)Present, LocalizedOrdetx (1949); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIschaemum rugosum (saramollagrass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIxora casei (giant red ixora)PresentIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJacaranda mimosifolia (jacaranda)Present, PlantedIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJasminum fluminense (Brazilian jasmine)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJasminum multiflorum (star jasmine)PresentIntroducedGreen (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJatropha curcas (jatropha)Present, PlantedNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJatropha gossypiifolia (bellyache bush)Present, WidespreadNativeOcampo and Balick (2009); USA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJuncus effusus (common rush)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); Balslev (1996); Kirschner (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJuncus tenuis (slender rush)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJusticia pectoralis (freshcut)PresentNativeDurkee (1986)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaKalanchoe delagoensis (chandelier plant)PresentIntroducedMorales (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaKalanchoe pinnata (cathedral bells)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLagerstroemia indica (Indian crape myrtle)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLagerstroemia speciosa (Pride of India)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLantana camara (lantana)Present, WidespreadNativeSchemske (1983)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLaportea aestuansPresentSánchez-Monge et al. (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLathyrus odoratus (sweet pea)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLawsonia inermis (Egyptian privet)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDavidse et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeersia hexandra (southern cut grass)PresentPyrah (1969)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLemna aequinoctialis (lesser duckweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLemna perpusilla (duckweed)PresentGBIF (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeonotis nepetifolia (Christmas candlestick)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2012); GBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeonurus japonicus (honeyweed)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeptochloa fusca (sprangletop)PresentNativeWCSP (2018); PIER (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeptochloa mucronata (mucronate sprangletop )PresentNativeeMonocot (2016); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); PIER (2016); Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeucaena leucocephala (leucaena)Present, PlantedIntroducedILDIS (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLigustrum lucidum (broad-leaf privet)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLimnobium laevigatum (South American spongeplant)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLimnocharis flava (yellow bur-head)PresentNativeIngold (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLindernia crustacea (Malaysian false pimpernel)PresentSánchez-Monge et al. (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLivistona chinensis (Chinese fan palm)PresentIntroducedHoldridge and Poveda (1975)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia grandiflora (water primrose)PresentGBIF (2009); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia hyssopifolia (water primrose)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia palustris (marsh seedbox)PresentNativePOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia peploides (water primrose)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (1997); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLuffa acutangula (angled luffa)PresentEncyclopedia of Life (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLuffa aegyptiaca (loofah)PresentZipcode Zoo (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMacroptilium atropurpureum (siratro)PresentNativeFlora Mesoamericana (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMalvaviscus arboreus (wax mallow)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMalvaviscus penduliflorus (Turk's cap mallow)PresentIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMangifera indica (mango)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaManilkara zapota (sapodilla)PresentNativeGovaerts (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMaranta arundinacea (arrowroot)PresentNativeGovaerts (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMedicago polymorpha (bur clover)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMegathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelaleuca quinquenervia (paperbark tree)Present, PlantedIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelia azedarach (Chinaberry)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelicoccus bijugatus (Spanish lime)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelinis minutiflora (molasses grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated); Missouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelinis repens (natal redtop)Present, WidespreadIntroducedGBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia aegyptia (hairy woodrose)PresentNativeAustin et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia cissoides (roadside woodrose)PresentNativeAustin et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia tuberosa (woodrose)PresentNativeHammel (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMesosphaerum pectinatum (comb bushmint)Present, WidespreadNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMiconia calvescens (miconia)Present, LocalizedNativeMeyer (1994); Alves et al. (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMicrostegium vimineum (Nepalese browntop)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedInvasiveBien et al. (2008); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMikania micrantha (bitter vine)PresentNativeSánchez-Monge et al. (2010); PIER (2015); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa diplotricha (creeping sensitive plant)PresentNativeBarneby (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa pigra (giant sensitive plant)Present, LocalizedNativeJanzen (1983); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa pudica (sensitive plant)Present, WidespreadNativeHolm et al. (1977); Barneby (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMomordica charantia (bitter gourd)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012); Holm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMontanoa hibiscifolia (tree daisy)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMorinda citrifolia (Indian mulberry)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMoringa oleifera (horse radish tree)Present, PlantedIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMorus alba (mora)PresentPeraza-Padilla (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMucuna pruriens (velvet bean)PresentILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMuntingia calabura (Jamaica cherry)Present, WidespreadNativeFlora, Mesoamericana (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMurdannia nudiflora (doveweed)PresentIntroducedRojas et al. (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMussaenda erythrophylla (red flag bush)PresentIntroducedBurger and Taylor (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMussaenda philippica (Queen of Philippines)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMyriophyllum aquaticum (parrot's feather)PresentEPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMyroxylon balsamum (Peru balsam)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNelsonia canescens (blue pussyleaf)PresentDurkee (1986)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNeomarica caerulea (walking iris)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedGentry and D'Arcy (1986); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNopalea cochenillifera (cochineal cactus)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNoronhia emarginata (Madagascar olive)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNymphaea ampla (dot-leaf water-lily)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNymphaea lotus (white Egyptian lotus)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2016); Randall (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOdontonema callistachyum (purple firespike)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOdontonema cuspidatum (Cardinal’s guard)PresentIntroducedINBio (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOeceoclades maculata (monk orchid)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDressler (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOldenlandia lancifolia (calycose mille graines)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOpuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear)Present, PlantedIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOryza rufipogon (wild rice)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1979); Rojas and Agüero (1996)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOxalis corniculata (creeping woodsorrel)PresentHolm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPachira aquatica (pachira nut)PresentNativeFlora Mesoamericana (2017); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPanicum repens (torpedo grass)PresentRetana-Sánchez et al. (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaParkinsonia aculeata (Mexican palo-verde)Present, PlantedNativeILDIS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaParmentiera aculeata (cucumber tree)Absent, Formerly presentBurger et al. (2000)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaParthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed)PresentNativeDale (1981); Parsons and Cuthbertson (1992); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalidium geminatum (Egyptian paspalidium)Present, LocalizedNativeRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum conjugatum (buffalo grass)PresentNativeCABI (Undated); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum dilatatum (dallisgrass)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum distichum (knotgrass)PresentNativeChase (1929); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum fasciculatum (bull grass)PresentNativeBlydenstein (1966); USDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum notatum (Bahia grass)PresentClayton et al. (2018); USDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum paniculatum (Russell River grass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum urvillei (Vasey grass)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum virgatum (sword grass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora edulis (passionfruit)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora foetida (red fruit passion flower)PresentNativeKillip (1938)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora ligularis (sweet granadilla)Present, WidespreadNativeDavidse et al. (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora quadrangularis (giant granadilla)PresentCABI Data Mining (undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora suberosa (corkystem passionflower)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora tripartita var. mollissima (banana passionfruit)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu grass)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1979); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum polystachion (mission grass)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2008); USDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum purpureum (elephant grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPentas lanceolata (Egyptian starcluster)PresentIntroducedSoto and Vega (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPersicaria punctata (dotted smartweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPetiveria alliacea (guinea hen weed)PresentNativeCardenas and Coulston (1967); Morales (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhaseolus lunatus (lima bean)PresentILDIS (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhragmites australis (common reed)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2008); USDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhyllanthus urinaria (leafflower)Present, WidespreadIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhyllostachys aurea (golden bamboo)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012); USDA-APHIS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhysalis angulata (cutleaf groundcherry)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPimenta dioica (allspice)PresentCABI Data Mining (undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPimenta racemosa (bay rum tree)PresentNativeGBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus caribaea (Caribbean pine)PresentIntroducedFAO (2001); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus oocarpa (ocote pine)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPiper aduncum (spiked pepper)PresentNativeStarr et al. (2003); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPiper auritumPresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPistia stratiotes (water lettuce)PresentUSDA-ARS (2009); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPithecellobium dulce (Manila tamarind)PresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlantago major (broad-leaved plantain)PresentHolm et al. (1979); Solórzano-Morales et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlectranthus amboinicus (Indian borage)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlectranthus scutellarioides (coleus)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedGargiullo et al. (2008); Flora Mesoamericana (2014); Govaerts (2014); Missouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPluchea carolinensis (sourbush)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPoa annua (annual meadowgrass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated); Holm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolycarpon tetraphyllum (fourleaf allseed)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolypogon monspeliensis (annual beard grass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPortulaca oleracea (purslane)PresentIntroducedBurger (1971)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPortulaca pilosa (kiss-me-quick)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2015); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPotamogeton crispus (curlyleaf pondweed)PresentGBIF (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaProsopis juliflora (mesquite)PresentNativeBurkart (1976); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPrunella vulgaris (self-heal)PresentNativeWCSP (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPseudelephantopus spicatus (false elephant’s foot)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPseudogynoxys chenopodioides (Mexican flamevine)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPsidium cattleianum (strawberry guava)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedGovaerts (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPsidium guajava (guava)PresentIntroducedInvasiveWorld Agroforestry Centre (2002); USDA-ARS (2012); FAO (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPueraria phaseoloides (tropical kudzu)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPyracantha coccinea (scarlet firethorn)PresentIntroducedZipcodeZoo (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaQuamoclit hederifoliaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRhizophora mangle (red mangrove)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRicinus communis (castor bean)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRivina humilis (bloodberry)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRosa multiflora (multiflora rose)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRottboellia cochinchinensis (itch grass)PresentIntroducedMillhollon and Burner (1993); Rojas et al. (1993); Calvo Domingo et al. (1996); Valverde et al. (1999); Chacón and Saborío (2012); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRoystonea oleracea (Caribbean royal palm)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRubus ellipticus (yellow Himalayan raspberry)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRubus niveus (Mysore raspberry)PresentIntroducedISSG (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRubus rosifolius (roseleaf raspberry)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRumex acetosella (sheep's sorrel)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRumex crispus (curled dock)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRuta chalepensisPresentSolórzano-Morales et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRytidostylis carthagenensisPresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); Villalobos et al. (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSacciolepis indica (glen woodgrass)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveINBio Costa Rica (2012); Missouri Botanical Garden (2012); CABI (Undated);
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalix humboldtianaPresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalvia occidentalis (West Indian sage)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSamanea saman (rain tree)PresentNativeJanzen (1982); ILDIS (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSambucus canadensis (American black elderberry)PresentNativePOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSanchezia parvibracteata (sanchezia)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSansevieria hyacinthoides (African bowstring hemp)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSansevieria trifasciata (mother-in-law’s tongue)PresentIntroducedHammel et al. (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchinus molle (false pepper tree)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchismus arabicus (Arabian schismus)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchizolobium parahyba (Brazilian fern tree)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSechium edule (chayote)PresentIntroducedLira (1996); Villalobos et al. (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna alata (candle bush)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); Smithsonian Museum of Natural History (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna bacillaris (whitebark senna)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna hirsuta (hairy senna)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna multijuga (November shower)Present, PlantedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna occidentalis (coffee senna)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna septemtrionalis (smooth senna)PresentNativeILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna spectabilis (whitebark senna)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSetaria palmifolia (palm grass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSetaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail)Present, WidespreadNativeGBIF (2012); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSida acuta (sida)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013); Sánchez-Monge et al. (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSida linifolia (flaxleaf fanpetals)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSida repens (Javanese fanpetals)PresentNativeFryxell (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSilene gallica (common catchfly)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum americanumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum erianthum (potato tree)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014); Flora of Nicaragua (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum mammosum (nipplefruit nightshade)PresentLim (2013); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum nigrum (black nightshade)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum quitoense (naranjilla)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum seaforthianum (Brazilian nightshade)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum torvum (turkey berry)Present, LocalizedJanzen (1968); Holm et al. (1991); EPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum tuberosum (potato)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2014); Montero-Astúa et al. (2002); Montero-Astúa et al. (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum viarum (tropical soda apple)PresentGBIF (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum wendlandiiPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedFlora Mesoamericana (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSorghum halepense (Johnson grass)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpathodea campanulata (African tulip tree)Present, PlantedIntroducedInvasiveMissouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpermacoce verticillata (shrubby false buttonwood)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSphagneticola trilobata (wedelia)PresentNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpondias purpurea (red mombin)PresentCABI Data Mining (undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus pyramidalis (giant rat’s tail grass)PresenteMonocot (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus pyramidatus (whorled dropseed)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus tenuissimus (tropical dropseed)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStachytarpheta cayennensis (blue snakeweed)Present, Few occurrencesNativeUSDA-ARS (2015); PIER (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStachytarpheta jamaicensis (Jamaica vervain)PresentHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStenotaphrum secundatum (buffalo grass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSterculia apetala (Panama tree)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStictocardia tiliifolia (spottedheart)PresentIntroducedPROTA (2019); USDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSynedrella nodiflora (synedrella)PresentCABI (Undated); Sánchez-Monge et al. (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSyngonium podophyllum (arrowhead vine)PresentNativeCroat (1981); Govaerts (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSyzygium jambos (rose apple)Present, PlantedIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTabebuia rosea (pink poui)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTagetes erecta (Mexican marigold)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTamarindus indica (tamarind)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2010); CABI Data Mining (undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTaraxacum officinale complex (dandelion)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTecoma capensis (Cape honeysuckle)PresentIntroducedUlloa (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTecoma stans (yellow bells)Present, WidespreadNativeGentry (1992)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTectona grandis (teak)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTerminalia catappa (Singapore almond)PresentIntroducedOrwa et al. (2009); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTetragonia tetragonioides (New Zealand spinach)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThespesia populnea (portia tree)PresentUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia alata (black eyed Susan)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia erecta (bush clockvine)PresentIntroducedDaniel (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia fragrans (whitelady)PresentIntroducedDaniel (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia grandiflora (Bengal trumpet)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTibouchina urvilleana (princessflower)PresentAlmeda (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTithonia diversifolia (Mexican sunflower)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTithonia rotundifolia (red sunflower)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaToona ciliata (toon)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTrachypogon spicatus (spiked crinkleawn)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTradescantia pallida (purple queen)PresentIntroducedHammel et al. (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTradescantia spathacea (boat lily)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTradescantia zebrina (wandering jew)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriadica sebifera (Chinese tallow tree)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDosch et al. (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTribulus terrestris (puncture vine)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTridax procumbens (coat buttons)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTrimezia steyermarkii (yellow walking iris)PresentNative and IntroducedBarker and Govaerts (2017); Cascante-Marín and Estrada-Chavarría (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriplaris americana (ant tree)PresentGrandtner and Chevrette (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTripsacum dactyloides (eastern gamagrass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTripsacum latifolium (wideleaf gamagrass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriumfetta semitriloba (burweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTurbina corymbosa (Christmas vine)PresentNativeHammel (2010); USDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTurnera ulmifolia (West Indian holly)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTypha angustifolia (lesser bulrush)PresentHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTypha domingensis (southern cattail)Present, WidespreadNativeInvasiveMcCoy et al. (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUlex europaeus (gorse)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveD'Arcy (1980); ILDIS (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrena lobata (caesar weed)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1979); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa decumbens (signal grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa mutica (para grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa reptans (sprawling signalgrass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveChacón and Saborío (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUtricularia gibbaPresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbena litoralis (blue vervain)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVicia villosa (hairy vetch)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVigna marina (beach bean)PresentNativeGBIF (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVitex trifoliaPresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVulpia bromoides (squirreltail fescue)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVulpia myuros (annual fescue)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaXanthosoma sagittifolium (elephant ear)PresentIntroducedInvasiveAcevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaYoungia japonica (oriental false hawksbeard)PresentIntroducedInvasiveGargiullo et al. (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaZingiber officinale (ginger)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedFlora, Mesoamericana (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaZoysia matrella (Manila grass)Present, LocalizedIntroducedHammel et al. (2003)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaBabesia bigeminaPresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaBabesia bovisPresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaGymnodinium catenatumPresentViquez and Hargraves (1995)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaMikrocystos mackiniAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaTrypanosoma equiperdumAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaTrypanosoma evansiAbsent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)Desquesnes (2004); OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusAfrican horse sickness virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusAfrican swine fever virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusalcelaphine herpesvirus 1Absent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusBanana streak diseasePresentNativeInvasiveDiekmann and Putter (1996); Pasberg-Gauhl and Lockhart (2000)
Virusbovine herpesvirus 1PresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusbovine leukemia virusPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
Viruscaprine arthritis encephalitis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusChelonid herpesvirus 5PresentQuackenbush et al. (2001)
VirusCitrus leprosis virus C (leprosis of citrus)PresentCABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Virusduck hepatitis A virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusequine arteritis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusequine infectious anaemia virusPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusfoot-and-mouth disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusinfectious haematopoietic necrosis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusinfluenza A virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusIris yellow spot virus (iris yellow spot)PresentEPPO (2020)
VirusJapanese encephalitis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Viruslumpy skin disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusmyxoma virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusNairobi sheep disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusPapaya ringspot virusPresentRivera et al. (1993); CABI and EPPO (2003)
Viruspeste des petits ruminants virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusPlantago asiatica mosaic virusPresentIntroducedMontero-Astúa et al. (2017); EPPO (2020)
VirusPotato spindle tuber viroid (spindle tuber of potato)PresentCABI and EPPO (2014); Badilla et al. (1999); EPPO (2020)
Virusrabbit hemorrhagic disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusrabies virusPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusRift Valley fever virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusrinderpest virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusspring viraemia of carp virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusSquash leaf curl virus (leaf curl of squash)PresentSmith et al. (1997); EPPO (2020)
VirusSugarcane mosaic virus (sugarcane mosaic)PresentISSCT (1989); EPPO (2020)
VirusSweet potato feathery mottle virus (internal cork disease of sweet potato)PresentCABI (Undated)
Virusswine vesicular disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusTomato yellow leaf curl virus (leaf curl)PresentEPPO (2020); Barboza et al. (2014);
Virusvesicular stomatitis virusPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusviral hemorrhagic septicemia virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusvisna/maedi virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)

List of Species CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Species which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database and selected invasive species databases). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

Download CSV file

List of Animal Diseases

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The table lists the animal diseases recorded in the Compendium for this region (from the full disease datasheets). For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

Disease Distribution Origin Invasive References
acarapisosis of honey beesPresentOIE (2009)
Aeromonas infection in fishAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
African horse sicknessAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
African swine feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
American foul broodPresentOIE (2009)
anthraxPresentOIE (2009); Food & Agriculture Organization (1972); OIE (1997)
Aujeszky's diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
avian chlamydiosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
avian infectious bronchitisPresentOIE (2009)
avian influenzaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
avian mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma gallisepticum)PresentOIE (2009)
babesiosisPresentOIE (2009); Perez et al. (1994); Alvarez and Herrero (1996); Vargas et al. (1997); CABI (Undated)
bluetonguePresentOIE (2009); Thompson et al. (1992)
Bonamia roughleyi (Australian winter disease) of oystersAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Borrelia anserina infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
bovine anaplasmosisPresentOIE (2009)
bovine genital campylobacteriosisPresentOIE (2009)
bovine herpesvirus 1 infectionsPresentOIE (2009)
bovine immunodeficiency virus infectionPresentHidalgo et al. (1995)
bovine spongiform encephalopathyAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
bovine tuberculosisPresentOIE (2009)
brucellosis (Brucella abortus)PresentOIE (2009)
brucellosis (Brucella ovis)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
camel poxAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
caprine arthritis encephalitisAbsent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)OIE (2009)
ChytridiomycosisPresent, WidespreadPuschendorf et al. (2009)
classical swine feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Clostridium perfringens enteritis and enterotoxaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Cochliomyia hominivorax infestationAbsent, EradicatedWyss (2000)
contagious agalactiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
contagious bovine pleuropneumoniaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
contagious caprine pleuropneumoniaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
contagious ecthymaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
contagious equine metritisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
contagious ophthalmiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
crayfish plagueAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
cryptosporidiosis in livestock and poultryPresentAchí and Mata (1997); Luna et al. (2002)
Denman island diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Digenean infections of fishPresentChandler et al. (1995)
dourineAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
duck viral enteritisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
duck virus hepatitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
EchinococcusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
enzootic abortion of ewesAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
enzootic bovine leukosisPresentOIE (2009); OIE (1999)
epizootic haematopoietic necrosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
epizootic lymphangitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
epizootic ulcerative syndromeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
equine coital exanthemaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
equine infectious anaemiaPresentOIE (2009)
equine piroplasmosisPresentOIE (2009)
equine rhinopneumonitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
equine viral arteritisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Escherichia coli infectionsPresentPérez et al. (1998)
European foul broodPresentCalderón and Sánchez (2011); OIE (2009)
fibropapillomatosis of sea turtlesPresentHerbst (1994)
foot-and-mouth disease in pigsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
foot-and-mouth disease in ruminantsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Fusobacterium necrophorum infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
glandersAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Gyrodactylus salaris infectionPresentOIE (2009)
haemorrhagic septicaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
haplosporidiosis of pacific oystersAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
heartwaterAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
hepatitis E virus infectionPresent, WidespreadCABI (Undated)
horse poxAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
infectious bursal diseasePresentOIE (2009)
infectious haematopoietic necrosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosisPresentOIE (2009)
infectious laryngotracheitisPresentOIE (2009); OIE Handistatus (1998)
infectious salmon anaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Japanese encephalitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
leishmaniosisPresent, LocalizedMendoza et al. (1983)
leptospirosisPresentOIE (2009)
listeriosisPresentSchuchat et al. (1991); OIE Handistatus (2005); CABI (Undated)
lumpy skin diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
malignant catarrhal feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Marek's diseasePresentOIE (2009)
Mycoplasma agalactiae infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
myxomatosisPresentOIE (2009)
Nairobi sheep diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
neosporosisPresentPerez et al. (1998)
Newcastle diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Nipah virus infectionAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Oncorhynchus masou virus diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
paratuberculosisPresentOIE (2009); Dolz et al. (1999)
peste des petits ruminantsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
porcine enterovirus infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndromePresentOIE (2009)
pulmonary adenomatosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Q feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
rabbit haemorrhagic diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
rabiesAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
red sea bream iridoviral diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Rift Valley feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
rinderpestAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
rotavirus infections in livestock and poultryPresent, LocalizedHird et al. (1990)
scrapieAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
sheep and goat poxAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
small hive beetle infestationAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
spring viraemia of carpAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Staphylococcus aureus infectionsPresent, WidespreadGraaf et al. (1997)
surraAbsent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)Desquesnes (2004); OIE (2009)
swine vesicular diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Taura syndromePresentOIE (2009)
theileriosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
torovirus infectionsPresentKoopmans and Horzinek (1994); Pérez et al. (1998)
trichomonosisPresentOIE (2009)
Tropilaelaps infestation of honey beesAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
trypanosomosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
tuberculosisPresentFisanotti et al. (1998); OIE Handistatus (2005)
tularaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Ureaplasma infectionsPresentLeón et al. (1994)
varroosis of honey beesPresentOIE (2009)
vesicular stomatitisPresentOIE (2009); Nichol (1988); Rodriguez et al. (1990)
viral haemorrhagic septicaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
visna/maediAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
West Nile feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
white spot diseasePresentOIE (2009)
yellow head diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)

List of Animal Diseases CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Animal Diseases which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

Download CSV file

Agricultural Production

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2011-2007 | 2006-2002
crop20112010200920082007
Avocados Area Harvested 5615 Im 5810 Im 5431 Im 5117 Im 4973 Im
Avocados Production Quantity 26959 Im 25246 Im 21967 Im 20946 Im 25000 P
Avocados Yield 48012.5 Fc 43452.7 Fc 40447.4 Fc 40934.1 Fc 50271.5 Fc
Bananas Area Harvested 42016 43031 42595 44313 43817
Bananas Production Quantity 1937120 1844540 1588740 1886770 2079110
Bananas Yield 461043 Fc 428654 Fc 372987 Fc 425783 Fc 474498 Fc
Beans, dry Area Harvested 22070 20332 17234 11311 12017
Beans, dry Production Quantity 15777 12830 8920 7812 8437
Beans, dry Seed 882.8 Fc 882.8 Fc 813.28 Fc 689.36 Fc 452.44 Fc
Beans, dry Yield 7148.62 Fc 6310.25 Fc 5175.82 Fc 6906.55 Fc 7020.89 Fc
Berries Nes Area Harvested 57 Im 59 Im 55 Im 50 F 50 F
Berries Nes Production Quantity 898 Im 841 Im 732 Im 1000 F 1000 F
Berries Nes Yield 157544 Fc 142542 Fc 133091 Fc 200000 Fc 200000 Fc
Cabbages and other brassicas Area Harvested 2087 Im 2423 Im 2143 Im 2948 Im 3351 Im
Cabbages and other brassicas Production Quantity 7509 Im 8298 Im 8528 Im 11280 Im 11285 Im
Cabbages and other brassicas Yield 35979.9 Fc 34246.8 Fc 39794.7 Fc 38263.2 Fc 33676.5 Fc
Cassava Area Harvested 37163 Im 35300 F 30250 F 26800 F 26600 F
Cassava Production Quantity 516636 Im 529100 F 453700 F 402000 F 397950 F
Cassava Yield 139019 Fc 149887 Fc 149983 Fc 150000 Fc 149605 Fc
Cereals (Rice Milled Eqv + (Total) Area Harvested 89324 A 76013 A 74792 A 61411 A 56303 A
Cereals (Rice Milled Eqv + (Total) Production Quantity 207418 A 197369 A 197051 A 160489 A 139365 A
Cereals (Rice Milled Eqv + (Total) Seed 5817.66 A 5817.66 A 4812.22 A 4627.9 A 3908.8 A
Cereals (Rice Milled Eqv + (Total) Yield 23220.8 Fc 25965.2 Fc 26346.5 Fc 26133.6 Fc 24752.6 Fc
Cereals,Total + (Total) Area Harvested 89324 A 76013 A 74792 A 61411 A 56303 A
Cereals,Total + (Total) Production Quantity 301579 A 286537 A 283516 A 234240 A 199214 A
Cereals,Total + (Total) Seed 5817.66 A 5817.66 A 4812.22 A 4627.9 A 3908.8 A
Cereals,Total + (Total) Yield 33762.4 Fc 37695.8 Fc 37907.3 Fc 38143 Fc 35382.5 Fc
Chillies and peppers, green Area Harvested 224 Im 260 F 240 F 250 F 290 F
Chillies and peppers, green Production Quantity 965 Im 1066 Im 1096 Im 1057 Im 1218 Im
Chillies and peppers, green Yield 43080.4 Fc 41000 Fc 45666.7 Fc 42280 Fc 42000 Fc
Citrus Fruit,Total + (Total) Area Harvested 25838 A 28971 A 28712 A 28550 A 28450 A
Citrus Fruit,Total + (Total) Production Quantity 206800 A 296382 A 316105 A 314823 A 467950 A
Citrus Fruit,Total + (Total) Yield 80037.1 Fc 102303 Fc 110095 Fc 110271 Fc 164482 Fc
Coarse Grain, Total + (Total) Area Harvested 8208 A 9598 A 11463 A 7358 A 9051 A
Coarse Grain, Total + (Total) Production Quantity 18813 A 18765 A 23860 A 12766 A 19486 A
Coarse Grain, Total + (Total) Seed 139.54 A 139.54 A 163.17 A 194.87 A 125.09 A
Coarse Grain, Total + (Total) Yield 22920.3 Fc 19551 Fc 20814.8 Fc 17349.8 Fc 21529.1 Fc
Cocoa beans Area Harvested 4605 4543 4484 4484 4484
Cocoa beans Production Quantity 690 665 650 593 555
Cocoa beans Yield 1498.37 Fc 1463.79 Fc 1449.6 Fc 1322.48 Fc 1237.73 Fc
Coconuts Area Harvested 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000
Coconuts Production Quantity 8000 8000 8000 8000 8000
Coconuts Yield 20000 Fc 20000 Fc 20000 Fc 20000 Fc 20000 Fc
Coffee, green Area Harvested 98861 98681 98681 98681 98681
Coffee, green Production Quantity 99909 97305 91403 111959 121058
Coffee, green Yield 10106 Fc 9860.56 Fc 9262.47 Fc 11345.5 Fc 12267.6 Fc
Cotton lint Production Quantity 100 F 100 Im 194 F 453 F 323 F
Cottonseed Production Quantity 140 F 140 Im 300 F 700 F 500 F
Cottonseed Seed 17.25 Fc 17.25 Fc 17.25 Fc 17.25 Fc 6.03 Fc
Fibre Crops Primary + (Total) Area Harvested 1851 A 1734 A 1663 A 2554 A 2167 A
Fibre Crops Primary + (Total) Production Quantity 1309 A 1149 A 1379 A 1553 A 1423 A
Fibre Crops Primary + (Total) Yield 7071.85 Fc 6626.3 Fc 8292.24 Fc 6080.66 Fc 6566.68 Fc
Fruit excl Melons,Total + (Total) Area Harvested 168843 A 174718 A 163323 A 159691 A 157316 A
Fruit excl Melons,Total + (Total) Production Quantity 4918960 A 4606320 A 4007980 A 4361250 A 4572740 A
Fruit excl Melons,Total + (Total) Yield 291333 Fc 263643 Fc 245402 Fc 273105 Fc 290672 Fc
Fruit Fresh Nes Area Harvested 34115 Im 35302 Im 33000 F 35000 F 33400 F
Fruit Fresh Nes Production Quantity 283504 Im 265485 Im 231000 F 275000 F 274000 F
Fruit Fresh Nes Yield 83102.4 Fc 75203.9 Fc 70000 Fc 78571.4 Fc 82035.9 Fc
Ginger Area Harvested 124 127 110 66 107
Ginger Production Quantity 1703 1690 1499 960 1044
Ginger Yield 137339 Fc 133071 Fc 136273 Fc 145455 Fc 97570.1 Fc
Grapefruit (inc. pomelos) Area Harvested 2428 Im 2512 Im 2348 Im 2212 Im 2150 Im
Grapefruit (inc. pomelos) Production Quantity 19357 Im 18127 Im 15772 Im 15039 Im 17950 F
Grapefruit (inc. pomelos) Yield 79724.1 Fc 72161.6 Fc 67172.1 Fc 67988.3 Fc 83488.4 Fc
Groundnuts, with shell Area Harvested 194 Im 171 Im 186 Im 187 Im 180 F
Groundnuts, with shell Production Quantity 219 Im 196 Im 192 Im 210 P 225 F
Groundnuts, with shell Yield 11288.7 Fc 11462 Fc 10322.6 Fc 11230 Fc 12500 Fc
Lemons and limes Area Harvested 1410 Im 1459 Im 1364 Im 1338 Im 1300 F
Lemons and limes Production Quantity 28037 Im 26255 Im 22845 Im 21784 Im 26000 F
Lemons and limes Yield 198844 Fc 179952 Fc 167485 Fc 162810 Fc 200000 Fc
Maize Area Harvested 8208 9598 11463 7358 9051
Maize Production Quantity 18813 18765 23860 12766 19486
Maize Seed 139.54 Fc 139.54 Fc 163.17 Fc 194.87 Fc 125.09 Fc
Maize Yield 22920.3 Fc 19551 Fc 20814.8 Fc 17349.8 Fc 21529.1 Fc
Mangoes, mangosteens, guavas Area Harvested 5771 5637 5662 5697 8200
Mangoes, mangosteens, guavas Production Quantity 39224 38542 38617 38782 49200
Mangoes, mangosteens, guavas Yield 67967.4 Fc 68373.3 Fc 68203.8 Fc 68074.4 Fc 60000 Fc
Manila Fibre (Abaca) Area Harvested 1024 Im 946 Im 973 Im 944 Im 1017 Im
Manila Fibre (Abaca) Production Quantity 1209 Im 1049 Im 1185 Im 1100 F 1100 F
Manila Fibre (Abaca) Yield 11806.6 Fc 11088.8 Fc 12178.8 Fc 11652.5 Fc 10816.1 Fc
Natural rubber Production Quantity
Nuts, nes Area Harvested 615 620 620 621 1286
Nuts, nes Production Quantity 638 632 632 634 1345
Nuts, nes Yield 10374 Fc 10193.5 Fc 10193.5 Fc 10209.3 Fc 10458.8 Fc
Oil palm fruit Area Harvested 60000 57000 55000 52600 48406
Oil palm fruit Production Quantity 1050000 917000 F 897750 863200 825000
Oil palm fruit Yield 175000 Fc 160877 Fc 163227 Fc 164106 Fc 170433 Fc
Oilcakes Equivalent + (Total) Area Harvested 65286 A 62208 A 60141 A 58637 A 53966 A
Oilcakes Equivalent + (Total) Production Quantity 22712.1 A 21360.9 A 19612.1 A 19097.2 A 18209.3 A
Oilcakes Equivalent + (Total) Seed 8.8 A 8.8 A 8.8 A 8.8 A 3.08 A
Oilcakes Equivalent + (Total) Yield 3478.87 Fc 3433.79 Fc 3261.02 Fc 3256.84 Fc 3374.23 Fc
Oilcrops Primary + (Total) Area Harvested 65286 A 62208 A 60141 A 58637 A 53966 A
Oilcrops Primary + (Total) Production Quantity 262013 A 230224 A 224208 A 215689 A 206176 A
Oilcrops Primary + (Total) Seed 2.76 A 2.76 A 2.76 A 2.76 A 0.96 A
Oilcrops Primary + (Total) Yield 40133.2 Fc 37008.8 Fc 37280.3 Fc 36783.8 Fc 38204.7 Fc
Onions, dry Area Harvested 1346 1187 1118 1382 1424
Onions, dry Production Quantity 36492 34940 35390 37628 37066.8
Onions, dry Yield 271114 Fc 294356 Fc 316547 Fc 272272 Fc 260301 Fc
Oranges Area Harvested 22000 25000 25000 25000 25000
Oranges Production Quantity 159406 252000 277488 278000 424000
Oranges Yield 72457.3 Fc 100800 Fc 110995 Fc 111200 Fc 169600 Fc
Other melons (inc.cantaloupes) Area Harvested 5122 6591 5703 8640 10345
Other melons (inc.cantaloupes) Production Quantity 160810 198921 198565 209110 266871
Other melons (inc.cantaloupes) Yield 313959 Fc 301807 Fc 348176 Fc 242025 Fc 257971 Fc
Palm kernels Production Quantity 42000 39432 35910 34528 33000
Palm oil Production Quantity 241500 210905 206482 198536 189750
Papayas Area Harvested 790 760 802 840 606
Papayas Production Quantity 60800 64800 64160 67200 41042
Papayas Yield 769620 Fc 852632 Fc 800000 Fc 800000 Fc 677261 Fc
Pepper (Piper spp.) Area Harvested 150 150 130 124 124
Pepper (Piper spp.) Production Quantity 1040 1040 1040 995 995
Pepper (Piper spp.) Yield 69333.3 Fc 69333.3 Fc 80000 Fc 80241.9 Fc 80241.9 Fc
Pineapples Area Harvested 45000 45000 40000 33488 28160
Pineapples Production Quantity 2268960 1976760 1682040 1667530 1547140
Pineapples Yield 504213 Fc 439280 Fc 420510 Fc 497949 Fc 549411 Fc
Plantains Area Harvested 9500 10000 6900 6500 9600
Plantains Production Quantity 90000 90000 60000 85176 86400
Plantains Yield 94736.8 Fc 90000 Fc 86956.5 Fc 131040 Fc 90000 Fc
Potatoes Area Harvested 2365 2233 2982.6 2690 2807
Potatoes Production Quantity 52484 55771 74608 66126 66050
Potatoes Seed 2365 Fc 2365 Fc 2233 Fc 2982.6 Fc 2690 Fc
Potatoes Yield 221920 Fc 249758 Fc 250144 Fc 245822 Fc 235305 Fc
Pulses,Total + (Total) Area Harvested 22070 A 20332 A 17234 A 11311 A 12017 A
Pulses,Total + (Total) Production Quantity 15777 A 12830 A 8920 A 7812 A 8437 A
Pulses,Total + (Total) Seed 882.8 A 882.8 A 813.28 A 689.36 A 452.44 A
Pulses,Total + (Total) Yield 7148.62 Fc 6310.25 Fc 5175.82 Fc 6906.55 Fc 7020.89 Fc
Rice, paddy Area Harvested 81116 66415 63329 54053 47252
Rice, paddy Production Quantity 282766 267772 259656 221474 179728
Rice, paddy Seed 5678.12 Fc 5678.12 Fc 4649.05 Fc 4433.03 Fc 3783.71 Fc
Rice, paddy Yield 34859.5 Fc 40318 Fc 41001.1 Fc 40973.5 Fc 38036.1 Fc
Roots and Tubers, nes Area Harvested 2348 Im 2230 Im 2585 2166 2004
Roots and Tubers, nes Production Quantity 21558 Im 22078 22393 21515 16448
Roots and Tubers, nes Yield 91814.3 Fc 99004.5 Fc 86626.7 Fc 99330.6 Fc 82075.9 Fc
Roots and Tubers,Total + (Total) Area Harvested 45636 A 43348 A 39577.6 A 35205 A 34962 A
Roots and Tubers,Total + (Total) Production Quantity 635686 A 651022 A 595225 A 530389 A 519010 A
Roots and Tubers,Total + (Total) Seed 2365 A 2365 A 2233 A 2982.6 A 2690 A
Roots and Tubers,Total + (Total) Yield 139295 Fc 150185 Fc 150394 Fc 150657 Fc 148450 Fc
Seed cotton Area Harvested 827 Im 788 Im 690 F 1610 F 1150 F
Seed cotton Production Quantity 632 Im 601 Im 529 F 1235 F 882 F
Seed cotton Yield 7642.08 Fc 7626.9 Fc 7666.67 Fc 7670.81 Fc 7669.57 Fc
Sesame seed Area Harvested 265 Im 249 Im 265 Im 240 Im 230 F
Sesame seed Production Quantity 152 Im 138 Im 143 Im 129 Im 135 F
Sesame seed Yield 5735.85 Fc 5542.17 Fc 5396.23 Fc 5375 Fc 5869.57 Fc
Sorghum Area Harvested
Sorghum Production Quantity
Sorghum Seed
Sorghum Yield
Soybeans Area Harvested
Soybeans Production Quantity
Soybeans Yield
Strawberries Area Harvested 141 148 166 136 60
Strawberries Production Quantity 4690 3720 4620 4020 1900
Strawberries Yield 332624 Fc 251351 Fc 278313 Fc 295588 Fc 316667 Fc
Sugar cane Area Harvested 64000 55730 53030 54550 56200
Sugar cane Production Quantity 3418190 3734730 3635410 3596720 4087570
Sugar cane Seed 30000 F 30000 F 30000 F 30000 F 30000 F
Sugar cane Yield 534092 Fc 670147 Fc 685538 Fc 659344 Fc 727326 Fc
Tobacco, unmanufactured Area Harvested 44 50 44 50 69
Tobacco, unmanufactured Production Quantity 76 79 62 79 122
Tobacco, unmanufactured Yield 17272.7 Fc 15800 Fc 14090.9 Fc 15800 Fc 17681.2 Fc
Tomatoes Area Harvested 1026 966 975 996 950
Tomatoes Production Quantity 61560 51615 61708 59450 53580
Tomatoes Yield 600000 Fc 534317 Fc 632903 Fc 596888 Fc 564000 Fc
Treenuts,Total + (Total) Area Harvested 615 A 620 A 620 A 621 A 1286 A
Treenuts,Total + (Total) Production Quantity 638 A 632 A 632 A 634 A 1345 A
Treenuts,Total + (Total) Yield 10374 Fc 10193.5 Fc 10193.5 Fc 10209.3 Fc 10458.8 Fc
Vegetables fresh nes Area Harvested 2825 Im 3279 Im 2900 F 3100 F 3500 F
Vegetables fresh nes Production Quantity 44000 F 44200 Im 43928 Im 46009 Im 53000 F
Vegetables fresh nes Yield 155752 Fc 134797 Fc 151476 Fc 148416 Fc 151429 Fc
Vegetables Primary + (Total) Area Harvested 13693 A 15895 A 14069 A 18379 A 20880 A
Vegetables Primary + (Total) Production Quantity 353261 A 385934 A 395151 A 413857 A 469941 A
Vegetables Primary + (Total) Yield 257987 Fc 242802 Fc 280866 Fc 225179 Fc 225067 Fc
Vegetables&Melons, Total + (Total) Area Harvested 13693 A 15895 A 14069 A 18379 A 20880 A
Vegetables&Melons, Total + (Total) Production Quantity 353261 A 385934 A 395151 A 413857 A 469941 A
Vegetables&Melons, Total + (Total) Yield 257987 Fc 242802 Fc 280866 Fc 225179 Fc 225067 Fc
Watermelons Area Harvested 1063 1189 990 1063 1020
Watermelons Production Quantity 41925 46894 45936 49323 46920
Watermelons Yield 394403 Fc 394399 Fc 464000 Fc 463998 Fc 460000 Fc
Yams Area Harvested 2132 2132 2012 1896 2059
Yams Production Quantity 29580 29580 28674 25242 25608
Yams Yield 138743 Fc 138743 Fc 142515 Fc 133133 Fc 124371 Fc
Yautia (cocoyam) Area Harvested 1628 1453 1748 1653 1492
Yautia (cocoyam) Production Quantity 15428 14493 15850 15506 12954
Yautia (cocoyam) Yield 94766.6 Fc 99745.4 Fc 90675.1 Fc 93805.2 Fc 86823.1 Fc
Agricultural Production: MT
* = Unofficial figure | A = Aggregate, may include official, semi-official or estimated data | F = FAO estimate | Fc = Calculated data | Im = FAO data based on imputation methodology | M = Data not available | P = Provisional official data
2011-2007 | 2006-2002
crop20062005200420032002
Avocados Area Harvested 4855 Im 4615 Im 4915 Im 5000 F 4880 Im
Avocados Production Quantity 24521 P 25865 Im 29423 Im 25000 F 24995 Im
Avocados Yield 50506.7 Fc 56045.5 Fc 59863.7 Fc 50000 Fc 51219.3 Fc
Bananas Area Harvested 42790 41147 42256 41757 42182
Bananas Production Quantity 2268000 F 1875000 F 2118000 F 2144000 F 1975000 F
Bananas Yield 530030 Fc 455683 Fc 501231 Fc 513447 Fc 468209 Fc
Beans, dry Area Harvested 14035 16349 16347 20847 22088
Beans, dry Production Quantity 11114 10102 10474 15083 12685
Beans, dry Seed 480.68 Fc 561.4 Fc 653.96 Fc 653.88 Fc 833.88 Fc
Beans, dry Yield 7918.77 Fc 6178.97 Fc 6407.29 Fc 7235.09 Fc 5742.94 Fc
Berries Nes Area Harvested 50 F 50 F 50 F 50 F 50 F
Berries Nes Production Quantity 1000 F 1000 F 1000 F 1000 F 1000 F
Berries Nes Yield 200000 Fc 200000 Fc 200000 Fc 200000 Fc 200000 Fc
Cabbages and other brassicas Area Harvested 3543 Im 3303 Im 3456 Im 3312 Im 2898 Im
Cabbages and other brassicas Production Quantity 10854 Im 11116 Im 10210 Im 9661 Im 9718 Im
Cabbages and other brassicas Yield 30635.1 Fc 33654.3 Fc 29542.8 Fc 29169.7 Fc 33533.5 Fc
Cassava Area Harvested 26000 F 23280 F 22100 F 23550 F 25900 F
Cassava Production Quantity 389300 F 349200 F 330800 F 352600 F 388000 F
Cassava Yield 149731 Fc 150000 Fc 149683 Fc 149724 Fc 149807 Fc
Cereals (Rice Milled Eqv + (Total) Area Harvested 55138 A 61608 A 68596 A 62522 A 54669 A
Cereals (Rice Milled Eqv + (Total) Production Quantity 142574 A 135453 A 144189 A 137130 A 138175 A
Cereals (Rice Milled Eqv + (Total) Seed 3461.51 A 3527.88 A 3975.53 A 4458.23 A 3927.21 A
Cereals (Rice Milled Eqv + (Total) Yield 25857.7 Fc 21986.3 Fc 21020 Fc 21933.1 Fc 25274.9 Fc
Cereals,Total + (Total) Area Harvested 55138 A 61608 A 68596 A 62522 A 54669 A
Cereals,Total + (Total) Production Quantity 207263 A 196477 A 209860 A 198281 A 201368 A
Cereals,Total + (Total) Seed 3461.51 A 3527.88 A 3975.53 A 4458.23 A 3927.21 A
Cereals,Total + (Total) Yield 37589.9 Fc 31891.5 Fc 30593.6 Fc 31713.8 Fc 36834 Fc
Chillies and peppers, green Area Harvested 330 F 280 F 300 F 280 F 250 F
Chillies and peppers, green Production Quantity 1396 Im 1170 Im 1249 Im 1161 Im 1070 F
Chillies and peppers, green Yield 42303 Fc 41785.7 Fc 41633.3 Fc 41464.3 Fc 42800 Fc
Citrus Fruit,Total + (Total) Area Harvested 26361 A 27195 A 27925 A 29962 A 28549 A
Citrus Fruit,Total + (Total) Production Quantity 498537 A 424718 A 477260 A 394011 A 394374 A
Citrus Fruit,Total + (Total) Yield 189119 Fc 156175 Fc 170908 Fc 131504 Fc 138139 Fc
Coarse Grain, Total + (Total) Area Harvested 6260 A 6359 A 6481 A 8478 A 6776 A
Coarse Grain, Total + (Total) Production Quantity 13002 A 13223 A 12649 A 14644 A 11600 A
Coarse Grain, Total + (Total) Seed 153.87 A 106.42 A 108.1 A 110.18 A 144.13 A
Coarse Grain, Total + (Total) Yield 20770 Fc 20794.2 Fc 19517 Fc 17272.9 Fc 17119.2 Fc
Cocoa beans Area Harvested 3820 3000 3550 3550 3550
Cocoa beans Production Quantity 450 343 708 708 708
Cocoa beans Yield 1178.01 Fc 1143.33 Fc 1994.37 Fc 1994.37 Fc 1994.37 Fc
Coconuts Area Harvested 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000
Coconuts Production Quantity 8000 26000 F 22487 Im 19500 F 19000 F
Coconuts Yield 20000 Fc 65000 Fc 56217.5 Fc 48750 Fc 47500 Fc
Coffee, green Area Harvested 98681 98681 98681 113387 113387
Coffee, green Production Quantity 101038 125669 126000 * 132259 140874
Coffee, green Yield 10238.9 Fc 12734.9 Fc 12768.4 Fc 11664.4 Fc 12424.2 Fc
Cotton lint Production Quantity 220 F 220 F 110 F 110 F 100 F
Cottonseed Production Quantity 340 F 340 F 120 F 125 F 120 F
Cottonseed Seed 28.75 Fc 19.58 Fc 19.58 Fc 7.5 Fc 7.5 Fc
Fibre Crops Primary + (Total) Area Harvested 1804 A 1801 A 1251 A 1230 A 1244 A
Fibre Crops Primary + (Total) Production Quantity 1320 A 1320 A 1210 A 1600 A 1490 A
Fibre Crops Primary + (Total) Yield 7317.07 Fc 7329.26 Fc 9672.26 Fc 13008.1 Fc 11977.5 Fc
Fruit excl Melons,Total + (Total) Area Harvested 145842 A 142674 A 134635 A 133721 A 125562 A
Fruit excl Melons,Total + (Total) Production Quantity 5162830 A 4274470 A 4017510 A 3828250 A 3604040 A
Fruit excl Melons,Total + (Total) Yield 354002 Fc 299597 Fc 298400 Fc 286286 Fc 287033 Fc
Fruit Fresh Nes Area Harvested 29300 F 27000 F 22000 F 21000 F 13600 F
Fruit Fresh Nes Production Quantity 240000 F 219000 F 168000 F 144000 F 92000 F
Fruit Fresh Nes Yield 81911.3 Fc 81111.1 Fc 76363.6 Fc 68571.4 Fc 67647.1 Fc
Ginger Area Harvested 198 264 110 406 Im 380 F
Ginger Production Quantity 4229 4300 1336 4736 Im 4000 F
Ginger Yield 213586 Fc 162879 Fc 121455 Fc 116650 Fc 105263 Fc
Grapefruit (inc. pomelos) Area Harvested 2099 Im 1995 Im 2125 Im 2162 Im 2149 Im
Grapefruit (inc. pomelos) Production Quantity 21325 Im 18014 Im 20492 Im 17411 Im 17374 Im
Grapefruit (inc. pomelos) Yield 101596 Fc 90295.7 Fc 96432.9 Fc 80531.9 Fc 80846.9 Fc
Groundnuts, with shell Area Harvested 114 Im 136 Im 119 Im 105 Im 125 Im
Groundnuts, with shell Production Quantity 198 Im 241 Im 231 Im 200 Im 197 Im
Groundnuts, with shell Yield 17368.4 Fc 17720.6 Fc 19411.8 Fc 19047.6 Fc 15760 Fc
Lemons and limes Area Harvested 1262 Im 1200 800 800 400
Lemons and limes Production Quantity 28412 Im 24000 9600 9600 10000
Lemons and limes Yield 225135 Fc 200000 Fc 120000 Fc 120000 Fc 250000 Fc
Maize Area Harvested 6260 6359 6481 8478 6776
Maize Production Quantity 13002 13223 12649 14644 11600
Maize Seed 153.87 Fc 106.42 Fc 108.1 Fc 110.18 Fc 144.13 Fc
Maize Yield 20770 Fc 20794.2 Fc 19517 Fc 17272.9 Fc 17119.2 Fc
Mangoes, mangosteens, guavas Area Harvested 8200 8200 8200 8200 8200
Mangoes, mangosteens, guavas Production Quantity 41000 41000 41000 36000 36000
Mangoes, mangosteens, guavas Yield 50000 Fc 50000 Fc 50000 Fc 43902.4 Fc 43902.4 Fc
Manila Fibre (Abaca) Area Harvested 1021 Im 1018 Im 951 Im 930 Im 944 Im
Manila Fibre (Abaca) Production Quantity 1100 F 1100 F 1100 F 1490 Im 1390 Im
Manila Fibre (Abaca) Yield 10773.8 Fc 10805.5 Fc 11566.8 Fc 16021.5 Fc 14724.6 Fc
Natural rubber Production Quantity
Nuts, nes Area Harvested 1286 1335 1415 2418 3996
Nuts, nes Production Quantity 1026 1031 1214 3197 1723
Nuts, nes Yield 7978.23 Fc 7722.85 Fc 8579.51 Fc 13221.7 Fc 4311.81 Fc
Oil palm fruit Area Harvested 48406 50125 46600 43200 42480
Oil palm fruit Production Quantity 872444 780000 670000 581000 571200
Oil palm fruit Yield 180235 Fc 155611 Fc 143777 Fc 134491 Fc 134463 Fc
Oilcakes Equivalent + (Total) Area Harvested 53548 A 55323 A 51261 A 47790 A 47071 A
Oilcakes Equivalent + (Total) Production Quantity 22970 A 16987.6 A 15958.9 A 13841.7 A 13591.6 A
Oilcakes Equivalent + (Total) Seed 14.66 A 9.99 A 9.99 A 3.83 A 3.83 A
Oilcakes Equivalent + (Total) Yield 4289.6 Fc 3070.62 Fc 3113.27 Fc 2896.35 Fc 2887.47 Fc
Oilcrops Primary + (Total) Area Harvested 53548 A 55323 A 51261 A 47790 A 47071 A
Oilcrops Primary + (Total) Production Quantity 216984 A 195856 A 174103 A 144814 A 141504 A
Oilcrops Primary + (Total) Seed 4.6 A 3.13 A 3.13 A 1.2 A 1.2 A
Oilcrops Primary + (Total) Yield 40521.4 Fc 35402.3 Fc 33964 Fc 30302.1 Fc 30061.9 Fc
Onions, dry Area Harvested 1897 1243 1348 992.45 1020
Onions, dry Production Quantity 53392 32587 33936 26386 28404
Onions, dry Yield 281455 Fc 262164 Fc 251751 Fc 265867 Fc 278471 Fc
Oranges Area Harvested 23000 24000 25000 27000 26000
Oranges Production Quantity 448800 382704 447168 367000 367000
Oranges Yield 195130 Fc 159460 Fc 178867 Fc 135926 Fc 141154 Fc
Other melons (inc.cantaloupes) Area Harvested 10202 10196 10770 10405 8500
Other melons (inc.cantaloupes) Production Quantity 291332 243903 227000 F 222716 188949
Other melons (inc.cantaloupes) Yield 285564 Fc 239214 Fc 210771 Fc 214047 Fc 222293 Fc
Palm kernels Production Quantity 42315 28000 26800 23240 22848
Palm oil Production Quantity 196300 179400 158700 131460 128400 *
Papayas Area Harvested 656 596 729 645 701
Papayas Production Quantity 31090 35565 33815 31125 26458
Papayas Yield 473933 Fc 596728 Fc 463855 Fc 482558 Fc 377432 Fc
Pepper (Piper spp.) Area Harvested 124 84 120 155 145
Pepper (Piper spp.) Production Quantity 995 124.4 960 1240 281
Pepper (Piper spp.) Yield 80241.9 Fc 14809.5 Fc 80000 Fc 80000 Fc 19379.3 Fc
Pineapples Area Harvested 23070 26821 18000 16445 15500
Pineapples Production Quantity 1980150 1605240 1077300 984233 992000
Pineapples Yield 858323 Fc 598501 Fc 598500 Fc 598500 Fc 640000 Fc
Plantains Area Harvested 10500 6990 10500 10550 11800
Plantains Production Quantity 76635 45180 70015 65717 59056
Plantains Yield 72985.7 Fc 64635.2 Fc 66680.9 Fc 62291 Fc 50047.5 Fc
Potatoes Area Harvested 2366 3074 3128 3187 3316
Potatoes Production Quantity 55781 74881 76435 80806 86785
Potatoes Seed 2807 Fc 2366 Fc 3074 Fc 3128 Fc 3187 Fc
Potatoes Yield 235761 Fc 243595 Fc 244357 Fc 253549 Fc 261716 Fc
Pulses,Total + (Total) Area Harvested 14035 A 16349 A 16347 A 20847 A 22088 A
Pulses,Total + (Total) Production Quantity 11114 A 10102 A 10474 A 15083 A 12685 A
Pulses,Total + (Total) Seed 480.68 A 561.4 A 653.96 A 653.88 A 833.88 A
Pulses,Total + (Total) Yield 7918.77 Fc 6178.97 Fc 6407.29 Fc 7235.09 Fc 5742.94 Fc
Rice, paddy Area Harvested 48878 55249 62115 54044 47893
Rice, paddy Production Quantity 194261 183254 197211 183637 189768
Rice, paddy Seed 3307.64 Fc 3421.46 Fc 3867.43 Fc 4348.05 Fc 3783.08 Fc
Rice, paddy Yield 39744.1 Fc 33168.8 Fc 31749.3 Fc 33979.2 Fc 39623.3 Fc
Roots and Tubers, nes Area Harvested 2902 4252 Im 4000 F 3800 F 3400 F
Roots and Tubers, nes Production Quantity 26331 34322 Im 35000 F 32000 F 28000 F
Roots and Tubers, nes Yield 90734 Fc 80719.7 Fc 87500 Fc 84210.5 Fc 82352.9 Fc
Roots and Tubers,Total + (Total) Area Harvested 36986 A 36313 A 32032 A 33538 A 38084 A
Roots and Tubers,Total + (Total) Production Quantity 539607 A 503169 A 487183 A 499280 A 570350 A
Roots and Tubers,Total + (Total) Seed 2807 A 2366 A 3074 A 3128 A 3187 A
Roots and Tubers,Total + (Total) Yield 145895 Fc 138564 Fc 152093 Fc 148870 Fc 149761 Fc
Seed cotton Area Harvested 783 F 783 F 300 F 300 F 300 F
Seed cotton Production Quantity 600 F 600 F 230 Im 236 Im 224 Im
Seed cotton Yield 7662.84 Fc 7662.84 Fc 7666.67 Fc 7866.67 Fc 7466.67 Fc
Sesame seed Area Harvested 245 Im 279 Im 242 Im 185 Im 166 Im
Sesame seed Production Quantity 152 Im 162 Im 147 Im 112 Im 107 Im
Sesame seed Yield 6204.08 Fc 5806.45 Fc 6074.38 Fc 6054.05 Fc 6445.78 Fc
Sorghum Area Harvested
Sorghum Production Quantity
Sorghum Seed
Sorghum Yield
Soybeans Area Harvested
Soybeans Production Quantity
Soybeans Yield
Strawberries Area Harvested 60 60 60 112 100
Strawberries Production Quantity 1900 1900 1700 3160 3160
Strawberries Yield 316667 Fc 316667 Fc 283333 Fc 282143 Fc 316000 Fc
Sugar cane Area Harvested 53300 48000 49210 49000 48000
Sugar cane Production Quantity 4600000 F 4000000 F 4200000 F 4400000 F 3800000 F
Sugar cane Seed 30000 F 30000 F 30000 F 30000 F 30000 F
Sugar cane Yield 863039 Fc 833333 Fc 853485 Fc 897959 Fc 791667 Fc
Tobacco, unmanufactured Area Harvested 63 55 65 63 63
Tobacco, unmanufactured Production Quantity 120 109 118 92 92
Tobacco, unmanufactured Yield 19047.6 Fc 19818.2 Fc 18153.8 Fc 14603.2 Fc 14603.2 Fc
Tomatoes Area Harvested 1423 1100 1000 1175 1482
Tomatoes Production Quantity 43500 41354 45000 47000 55578
Tomatoes Yield 305692 Fc 375945 Fc 450000 Fc 400000 Fc 375020 Fc
Treenuts,Total + (Total) Area Harvested 1286 A 1335 A 1415 A 2418 A 3996 A
Treenuts,Total + (Total) Production Quantity 1026 A 1031 A 1214 A 3197 A 1723 A
Treenuts,Total + (Total) Yield 7978.23 Fc 7722.85 Fc 8579.51 Fc 13221.7 Fc 4311.81 Fc
Vegetables fresh nes Area Harvested 3600 F 3200 F 3100 F 3000 F 2700 F
Vegetables fresh nes Production Quantity 54000 F 47500 F 46000 F 45000 F 41000 F
Vegetables fresh nes Yield 150000 Fc 148438 Fc 148387 Fc 150000 Fc 151852 Fc
Vegetables Primary + (Total) Area Harvested 21999 A 20326 A 21974 A 22882.5 A 20104 A
Vegetables Primary + (Total) Production Quantity 501060 A 424216 A 425195 A 435263 A 401536 A
Vegetables Primary + (Total) Yield 227765 Fc 208706 Fc 193499 Fc 190217 Fc 199729 Fc
Vegetables&Melons, Total + (Total) Area Harvested 21999 A 20326 A 21974 A 22882.5 A 20104 A
Vegetables&Melons, Total + (Total) Production Quantity 501060 A 424216 A 425195 A 435263 A 401536 A
Vegetables&Melons, Total + (Total) Yield 227765 Fc 208706 Fc 193499 Fc 190217 Fc 199729 Fc
Watermelons Area Harvested 1004 1004 2000 F 3718 Im 3254 Im
Watermelons Production Quantity 46586 46586 61800 F 83339 Im 76817 Im
Watermelons Yield 464004 Fc 464004 Fc 309000 Fc 224150 Fc 236069 Fc
Yams Area Harvested 3787 3595 1541 1001 1870
Yams Production Quantity 49639 20338 20665 13874 26659
Yams Yield 131077 Fc 56573 Fc 134101 Fc 138601 Fc 142562 Fc
Yautia (cocoyam) Area Harvested 1931 2112 1263 2000 F 3598
Yautia (cocoyam) Production Quantity 18556 24428 24283 20000 F 40906
Yautia (cocoyam) Yield 96095.3 Fc 115663 Fc 192264 Fc 100000 Fc 113691 Fc
Agricultural Production: MT
* = Unofficial figure | A = Aggregate, may include official, semi-official or estimated data | F = FAO estimate | Fc = Calculated data | Im = FAO data based on imputation methodology | M = Data not available | P = Provisional official data

Land Usage

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2011-2007 | 2006-2002
land use20112010200920082007
Agricultural area Area 1880 Fm 1880 Fm 1850 Fm 1800 Fm 1800 Fm
Agricultural area certified organic Area 8.1 I
Agricultural area irrigated Area 28.1 Q 27.3 Q 27.2 Q 28 Q
Agricultural area organic, total Area 11.1 I 8.1 I 8 I 7.9 I
Arable land Area 250 Fm 250 Fm 230 Fm 200 Fm 200 Fm
Arable land and Permanent crops Area 580 Fm 580 Fm 550 Fm 500 Fm 500 Fm
Arable land area in conversion to organic Area 1300 Fm 1300 Fm 1300 Fm
Arable land organic, total Area 330 Fm 330 Fm 320 Fm
Country area Area 5110 W 5110 W 5110 Q 5110 W 5110 Q
Forest area Area 2627.8 Fm 2605 Q 2582.2 Fm 2559.4 Fm 2536.6 Fm
Inland water Area 4 Fm 4 Fm 4 Fm 4 Fm 4 Fm
Land area Area 5106 Fm 5106 Fm 5106 Fm 5106 Fm 5106 Fm
Other land Area 598.2 Fm 621 Fm 673.8 Fm 746.6 Fm 769.4 Fm
Permanent crops Area 330 Fm 330 Fm 320 Fm 300 Fm 300 Fm
Permanent meadows and pastures Area 1300 Fm 1300 Fm 1300 Fm 1300 Fm 1300 Fm
Total area equipped for irrigation Area 108 Fm 108 Fm 108 Fm 108 Fm 108 Fm
Land Usage: (1000 Ha)
E = Expert sources from FAO (including other divisions) | Fm = Manual Estimation | I = Country data reported by International Organizations where the country is a member (Semi-official) - WTO, EU, UNSD, etc. | Q = Official data reported on FAO Questionnaires from countries | W = Data reported on country official publications or web sites (Official) or trade country files
2011-2007 | 2006-2002
land use20062005200420032002
Agricultural area Area 1805 Fm 1795 Fm 1822 Fm 1829 Fm 1826 Fm
Agricultural area certified organic Area
Agricultural area irrigated Area 27.3 Q 25.9 Q
Agricultural area organic, total Area 10.7 I 9.8 I
Arable land Area 200 Fm 200 Fm 210 Fm 210 Fm 200 F
Arable land and Permanent crops Area 495 Fm 480 Fm 500 Fm 500 Fm 490 Fm
Arable land area in conversion to organic Area
Arable land organic, total Area
Country area Area 5110 W 5110 W 5110 W 5110 Q 5110 Q
Forest area Area 2513.8 Fm 2491 Q 2468 Fm 2445 Fm 2422 Fm
Inland water Area 4 Fm 4 Fm 4 Fm 4 Fm 4 Fm
Land area Area 5106 Fm 5106 Fm 5106 Fm 5106 Q 5106 Q
Other land Area 787.2 Fm 820 Fm 816 Fm 832 Fm 858 Fm
Permanent crops Area 295 Fm 280 Fm 290 Fm 290 Fm 290 Fm
Permanent meadows and pastures Area 1310 Fm 1315 Fm 1322 Fm 1329 Fm 1336 Fm
Total area equipped for irrigation Area 108 Fm 108 Fm 108 Fm 108 F 108 F
Land Usage: (1000 Ha)
E = Expert sources from FAO (including other divisions) | Fm = Manual Estimation | I = Country data reported by International Organizations where the country is a member (Semi-official) - WTO, EU, UNSD, etc. | Q = Official data reported on FAO Questionnaires from countries | W = Data reported on country official publications or web sites (Official) or trade country files
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