Invasive Species Compendium

Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide

Datasheet

Colombia

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Datasheet

Colombia

Index

Summary

  • Population, total
  • 50,339,443 (2019)
  • GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
  • 6,510 (2019)
  • GNI, Atlas method (current US$ in millions)
  • 327,710.70 (2019)
  • GDP (current US$ in millions)
  • 323,615.98 (2019)
  • Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
  • 6.74 (2019)

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List of Species

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The table lists the species recorded in the Compendium for this region(from the full species datasheets). It includes species that are invasive in this region, those for which there is no data on invasive status, and also species that are not invasive in the region but are reported as invasive elsewhere. This summary table is based on all the information available.When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the distribution record. For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

Domain Kingdom Phylum Species Distribution Origin Invasive References
yellow head virusAbsentOIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Clavibacter michiganensis (bacterial canker of tomato)PresentBradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (bacterial wilt of dry beans)PresentTorres G. et al. (1982); Bradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2010); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (sugarcane ratoon stunting disease)PresentBradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosisPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Mycobacterium bovisPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaBacteroidetesPaenibacillus larvaeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesBacillus anthracisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesCandidatus Phytoplasma asteris (yellow disease phytoplasmas)PresentEPPO (2022); Aliaga et al. (2018)
BacteriaFirmicutesMelissococcus plutoniusPresentSchotman (1989); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesMycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniaeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesMycoplasma gallisepticumPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesMycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (SC) typeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesMycoplasma synoviaePresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesSpiroplasma kunkelii (corn stunt spiroplasma)PresentEPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2008)
BacteriaProteobacteriaAnaplasma marginalePresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBrucella abortusPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBrucella melitensisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBrucella ovisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBrucella suisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBurkholderia caryophylli (bacterial wilt of carnation)Absent, Invalid presence record(s)EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBurkholderia pseudomalleiAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaProteobacteriaCampylobacter fetus subsp. venerealisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaCandidatus Hepatobacter penaeiAbsentOIE (2019); Aranguren et al. (2006); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaCandidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Asian greening)Present, Few occurrencesEPPO (2022); Ángel et al. (2014); CABI/EPPO (2017); Olvera-Vargas et al. (2020)
BacteriaProteobacteriacitrus huanglongbing (greening) disease (citrus greening)Present, Few occurrencesCABI/EPPO (2017); EPPO (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaCoxiella burnetiiAbsentOIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaEhrlichia ruminantiumAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaErwinia amylovora (fireblight)Absent, Invalid presence record(s)Zwet (1993); CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaFrancisella tularensisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaPasteurella multocidaAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaPseudomonas cichorii (bacterial blight of endive)PresentUK, CAB International (1983); Torres-Rubio et al. (2000); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaPseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi (oleander knot)PresentInvasiveBradbury (1986); UK, CAB International (1987)
BacteriaProteobacteriaRalstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt of potato)PresentEPPO (2022); Romo et al. (2012)
BacteriaProteobacteriaRalstonia solanacearum race 1 (bacterial wilt of solanaceous crops)PresentCABI and EPPO (1999)
BacteriaProteobacteriaRalstonia solanacearum race 2 (moko disease)PresentCABI and EPPO (1999); Romo et al. (2012); EPPO (2021)
BacteriaProteobacteriaSalmonella abortusovisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaSalmonella gallinarumPresentOIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaSalmonella pullorumAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaTaylorella equigenitalisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaVibrio parahaemolyticusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (cassava bacterial blight)PresentBradbury (1986); UK, CAB International (1993); Restrepo et al. (2000); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (bean blight)PresentBradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas axonopodis pv. vasculorum (sugarcane gumming disease)PresentBradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas citri (citrus canker)Absent, Confirmed absent by surveyEPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXenohaliotis californiensisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaAphanomyces astaciAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaAphanomyces invadansAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPeronosclerospora sorghi (sorghum downy mildew)PresentIntroducedInvasiveArias P. et al. (1993); Buriticá C. (1993)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPhytophthora cinnamomi (Phytophthora dieback)PresentUK, CAB International (1991); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPhytophthora infestans (Phytophthora blight)PresentUK, CAB International (1982); Vargas et al. (2007); Vargas et al. (2009); Cárdenas et al. (2011);
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPlasmopara viticola (grapevine downy mildew)PresentUK, CAB International (1988)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaBlumeria graminis (powdery mildew of grasses and cereals)PresentAmano (1986)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaCeratocystis fimbriata (Ceratocystis blight)Present, WidespreadNativeGarces (1944); Pontis and Videla] (1951); Arbelaez (1957); Mourichon (1994); Borja et al. (1995); Marin et al. (2003); Engelbrecht and Harrington (2005); EPPO (2022); Herb IMI (undated)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaClaviceps africana (ergot)PresentIntroducedBandyopadhyay et al. (1998); CABI and EPPO (2006); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaColletotrichum acutatum (black spot of strawberry)PresentEPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2010)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaCyclaneusma minus (Cyclaneusma needle-cast)PresentIntroducedMillar and Minter (1980)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaFusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Panama disease of banana)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI and EPPO (2015); IPPC (2019); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaFusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4)Present, LocalizedIntroducedGarcía-Bastidas et al. (2020); IPPC (2019); Martínez-Solórzano et al. (2020); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaFusarium oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis (fusarium wilt of oil palm)PresentCABI Data Mining (undated); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaFusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (Fusarium wilt)PresentUK, CAB International (1982)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaGibberella circinata (pitch canker)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaGuignardia citricarpa (citrus black spot)Absent, Confirmed absent by surveyEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaMycosphaerella dearnessii (brown spot needle blight)PresentEPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2010)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaMycosphaerella fijiensis (black Sigatoka)PresentIntroducedInvasiveMerchan (1990); Mourichon and Fullerton (1990); CABI and EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaMycosphaerella pini (Dothistroma blight)PresentCABI and EPPO (2010); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaPhoma tracheiphila (mal secco)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaPhomopsis vexans (Phomopsis blight of eggplant)PresentChardon and Toro (1930); CABI and EPPO (2008)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaPseudocercospora angolensis (leaf spot of Citrus spp.)Absent, Confirmed absent by surveyEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaPseudocercospora ulei (South American leaf blight of rubber (SALB))PresentNativeInvasiveSorensen (1945); UK, CAB International (1990); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaTrichoconiella padwickii (stackburn disease)PresentPinzón Ruíz (2003)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaAustropuccinia psidii (myrtle rust)PresentMayor (1913); CABI and EPPO (2014); Rodas et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaMoniliophthora perniciosa (witches' broom disease of cacao)PresentCABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaMoniliophthora roreri (frosty pod rot)PresentIntroducedInvasivePhillips-Mora (2003); Barros N. (1977); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPhakopsora euvitis (grape rust fungus)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2007)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPhakopsora pachyrhizi (soyabean rust)PresentCABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPuccinia graminis (stem rust of cereals)Present, LocalizedBuritica et al. (1979); CIMMYT (1988)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPuccinia horiana (white rust of chrysanthemum)PresentEPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2008); Backer et al. (2011); Demers et al. (2015)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPuccinia kuehnii (orange rust)Present, LocalizedCABI and EPPO (2015); Cadavid et al. (2012); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaSporisorium sacchari (Asian sugarcane smut)Absent, Intercepted onlyPiepenbring (2002)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaThecaphora solani (potato smut)PresentNativeBarrus (1944); UK, CAB International (1993); Piepenbring (2002); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaFungiChytridiomycotaBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd)PresentRuiz and Rueda-Almonacid (2008); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaFungiChytridiomycotaBatrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaAnnelidaAlitta succinea (pile worm)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaAnnelidaLumbricus rubellusPresentIntroducedFeijoo et al. (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAcarapis woodi (honeybee mite)PresentEPPO (2022); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAceria guerreronis (coconut mite)Present, WidespreadEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAcromyrmex octospinosus (leaf cutting ant)PresentMercado-Mesa et al. (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAcutaspis perseaePresentKondo and Muñoz (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito)PresentIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAethina tumidaPresentOIE (2020); OIE (2019); OIE (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAgrius cingulatus (pink-spotted hawkmoth)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAgrotis ipsilon (black cutworm)PresentSchotman (1989)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurocanthus woglumi (citrus blackfly)PresentEPPO (2022); Agudelo and Falcon (1977); Mound and Halsey (1978); UK, CAB International (1995)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurodicus dispersus (whitefly)PresentNHM (undated); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurothrixus floccosus (woolly whitefly)PresentEPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurotrachelus atratus (palm-infesting whitefly)PresentIntroducedHoward et al. (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAmphibalanus improvisus (bay barnacle)PresentDarwin (1854)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha fraterculus (South American fruit fly)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveWulp (1899); Stone (1942); Núñez Bueno (1981); Hernández-Ortiz et al. (2004); Norrbom (2004); Hernández-Ortiz et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha grandis (South American cucurbit fruit fly)Present, LocalizedNativeStone (1942); Norrbom (1991); CABI and EPPO (2001); Scally et al. (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha ludens (Mexican fruit fly)Absent, Invalid presence record(s)EPPO (2022); Núñez Bueno (1981); Norrbom et al. (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha obliqua (West Indian fruit fly)Present, WidespreadNativeNúñez Bueno (1981); Yepes and Velez (1989); Norrbom (2004); Castañeda et al. (2010); CABI/EPPO (2011); Scally et al. (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha serpentina (sapodilla fruit fly)Present, WidespreadNativeNúñez Bueno (1981); Carrejo and González (1999); CABI and EPPO (2001); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha striata (guava fruit fly)PresentNativeStone (1942); Núñez Bueno (1981); CABI and EPPO (2002); Epsky (2003); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnthonomus grandis (Mexican cotton boll weevil)Present, LocalizedIntroducedWarner (1966); Lobaton G. and Garcia C. (1981); Alvarez and Martinez (1985); Toledo et al. (2000); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAonidiella aurantii (red scale)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)CABI (Undated); Kondo (2001);
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAonidomytilus albus (tapioca scale)PresentNativeMosquera (1976); Lozano et al. (1977); Vargas et al. (1978); Kondo (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAphis gossypii (cotton aphid)PresentUK, CAB International (1968)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUK, CAB International (1969)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaApis melliferaPresentCABI Data Mining (undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaApis mellifera scutellata (africanized bee)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaArtemia (brine shrimp)PresentNativeVan (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAspidiotus destructor (coconut scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1966); Kondo (2001); Kondo and Muñoz (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBalanus eburneusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly)PresentCAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); Delatte et al. (2005); Shatters et al. (2009); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBemisia tabaci (MEAM1) (silverleaf whitefly)PresentCABI and EPPO (1999); Rodríguez et al. (2005); Ángel D. et al. (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBoophilus microplusPresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBrevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite)PresentLeón et al. (2006); León et al. (2008); CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCallinectes sapidus (blue crab)PresentNativeGulf States Marine Fisheries Commission (2001); Tavares (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCerataphis lataniae (palm aphid)PresentIntroducedInvasiveSchotman (1989); CABI and EPPO (2007)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCeratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly)PresentIntroducedInvasiveGasparich et al. (1997); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCharybdis helleriiPresent, WidespreadIntroducedCampos and Türkay (1989); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChrysomphalus aonidum (circular scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1988); Kondo (2001); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1969); Kondo (2001); Kondo and Muñoz (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChrysomya bezziana (Old World screw-worm)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChthamalus proteusPresentNativeDando and Southward (1980)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCinara cupressi sensu lato (Cypress aphid)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCiesla (1991); Watson et al. (1999)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm)PresentOIE (2019); Forero B. et al. (2008); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCrypticerya multicicatrices (multicicatrices fluted scale)PresentIntroducedInvasiveKondo et al. (2012); Kondo and Unruh (2009); Gaimari et al. (2012); Kondo et al. (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCryptotermes brevis (powderpost termite)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveWalker (1853)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCtenarytaina eucalypti (blue gum psyllid)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCulex quinquefasciatus (southern house mosquito)Present, WidespreadIntroducedRodríguez Coto et al. (2000)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDialeurodes citri (citrus whitefly)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDiaphorina citri (Asian citrus psyllid)Present, WidespreadEbratt-Ravelo et al. (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDinoderus minutus (bamboo borer)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug)PresentUK, CAB International (1972); Ben-Dov (1994); Carabalí-Banguero et al. (2013); Kondo (2013); Kondo and Muñoz (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDysmicoccus mackenzieiPresentCaballero et al. (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDysmicoccus neobrevipes (grey pineapple mealybug)PresentGarcía Morales et al. (2016); Williams and Granara de Willink (1992); Kondo et al. (2008)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaEriosoma lanigerum (woolly aphid)PresentUK, CAB International (1975)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaEulachnus rileyi (pine needle aphid)PresentNHM (1985)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaFerrisia virgata (striped mealybug)PresentUK, CAB International (1966); Ben-Dov (1994); Kondo (2008)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaFrankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips)PresentNakahara (1997); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGalleria mellonella (greater waxmoth)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGeococcus coffeae (coffee root mealybug)PresentCaballero et al. (2019); Williams and Granara de Willink (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGlycaspis brimblecombei (red gum lerp psyllid)PresentRodas et al. (2014); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGonipterus scutellatus (eucalyptus snout beetle)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGreenidea ficicolaPresentCABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGymnandrosoma aurantianum (citrus fruit borer)PresentAdamski and Brown (2001); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGynaikothrips ficorum (Cuban laurel thrips)PresentDenmark (1967)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHaplaxius crudus (American palm cixiid)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHarmonia axyridis (harlequin ladybird)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHeilipus lauri (avocado seed weevil)Present, WidespreadEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHelicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm)Absent, Intercepted onlyEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHelicoverpa zea (American cotton bollworm)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHeliothrips haemorrhoidalis (black tea thrips)PresentEscobar P. et al. (1985); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHemiberlesia lataniae (latania scale)PresentKondo and Muñoz (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHemiberlesia rapax (greedy scale (USA))PresentSchotman (1989); Kondo and Muñoz (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHeteropsylla cubana (leucaena psyllid)PresentUK, CAB International (1988); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHypothenemus hampei (coffee berry borer)PresentLeach et al. (1999); Bustillo et al. (2002); Cristancho et al. (2007); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHypsipyla grandella (mahogany shoot borer)PresentCABI Data Mining (undated); Colombia, Corporación de Investigación y Fomento Forestal (1985); Pulgarín Díaz et al. (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaIcerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUK, CAB International (1971); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaInsignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia)PresentNHM (undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLindingaspis rossi (black araucaria scale)PresentKondo and Muñoz (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLinepithema humile (Argentine ant)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated); Wild (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLiriomyza huidobrensis (serpentine leafminer)Present, LocalizedScheffer and Lewis (2001); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLiriomyza sativae (vegetable leaf miner)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLiriomyza trifolii (American serpentine leafminer)PresentCABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLissorhoptrus oryzophilus (rice water weevil)PresentCABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLitopenaeus vannamei (whiteleg shrimp)PresentNativeSeebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated);
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMaconellicoccus hirsutus (pink hibiscus mealybug)PresentIntroducedInvasiveKondo et al. (2008); Kondo et al. (2012); Montes Rodríguez (2012); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMacrobrachium rosenbergii (giant freshwater prawn)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMacrosiphum euphorbiae (potato aphid)PresentIntroducedUK, CAB International (1984)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMegaplatypus mutatusAbsent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMononychellus tanajoa (cassava green mite)Present, LocalizedGuerrero and Bellotti (1980); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMythimna unipuncta (rice armyworm)PresentNativeUK, CAB International (1967)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMyzus persicae (green peach aphid)PresentSmith and Cermeli (1979); UK, CAB International (1979)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaNeoleucinodes elegantalis (eggplant stem borer)Present, WidespreadEPPO (2022); Plaza et al. (1992); Díaz-Montilla et al. (2013); Díaz-Montilla et al. (2015); Díaz-Montilla et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaNipaecoccus nipae (spiked mealybug)PresentBen-Dov (1994); CABI and EPPO (2005); Kondo et al. (2008); Kondo and Muñoz (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaOryzaephilus surinamensis (saw toothed grain beetle)PresentChamp and Dyte (1976)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaOtiorhynchus sulcatus (vine weevil)Absent, Invalid presence record(s)CABI (Undated); Seymour et al. (1985); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParaergasilus longidigitusPresent, Few occurrencesIntroducedFuentes et al. (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParaleyrodes mineiPresentCABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParatrechina fulvaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Vargas O. et al. (2004); CABI (Undated);
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParatrechina longicornis (crazy ant)PresentIntroducedInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm)PresentAnkersmit and Adkisson (1967); UK, CAB International (1990); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPenaeus monodon (giant tiger prawn)PresentIntroducedShrimp News (2006)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhenacoccus manihoti (cassava mealybug)PresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhenacoccus solenopsis (cotton mealybug)PresentIntroducedInvasivePortilla and Cardona (2004); Granara de Willink and Szumik (2007); Kondo et al. (2008); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhthorimaea absoluta (tomato leafminer)Present, WidespreadIntroducedPovolny (1975); Garcia Roa (1989); Ramirez et al. (2010); Cifuentes et al. (2011); Haddi et al. (2012); CABI and EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth)Present, WidespreadCABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhyllocnistis citrella (citrus leaf miner)Present, LocalizedUK, CAB International (1986); León and Campos P. (1999); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPineus boerneri (pine woolly aphid)PresentRodas et al. (2014)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPlanococcus citri (citrus mealybug)PresentCABI and EPPO (1999)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPlutella xylostella (diamondback moth)PresentSalinas (1986)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPolyphagotarsonemus latus (broad mite)PresentUK, CAB International (1986)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaProstephanus truncatus (larger grain borer)PresentNativeHodges (1986); UK, CAB International (1995); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPseudaulacaspis pentagona (mulberry scale)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPseudococcus elisae (banana mealybug)PresentGimpel and Miller (1996); Williams and Granara de Willink (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPyroderces rileyi (corn, worm, pink)PresentCABI Data Mining (undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRaoiella indica (red palm mite)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveCarrillo et al. (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRhagoletis pomonella (apple maggot)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRhynchophorus palmarum (South American palm weevil)PresentWattanapongsiri (1966); Gerber and Giblin-Davis (1990); Rochat et al. (1991); Löhr et al. (2015); Martínez et al. (2019); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSaissetia oleae (olive scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1952)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSchistocerca nitens (gray bird grasshopper)PresentCardona (2012); Song (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaScirtothrips dorsalis (chilli thrips)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaScyphophorus acupunctatus (agave weevil)PresentVaurie (1971); Wibmer and O'Brien (1986); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSepedomerus macropus (liverfluke snail predator fly)PresentNeff and Berg (1966)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSitophilus zeamais (greater grain weevil)PresentChamp and Dyte (1976)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSitotroga cerealella (grain moth)Present, WidespreadChamp and Dyte (1977)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSolenopsis geminata (tropical fire ant)PresentNativeISSG (2009); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSpodoptera eridania (southern armyworm)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSpodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)PresentEPPO (2022); Velásquez-Vélez et al. (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTapinoma melanocephalum (ghost ant)PresentIntroducedWetterer (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTecia solanivora (potato tuber moth)Present, WidespreadBotero et al. (1995); Palacios et al. (1998); CABI and EPPO (2001); Bosa et al. (2006); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite)PresentInternational Institute of Entomology (1996)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaThrips palmi (melon thrips)PresentIntroducedCAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); Cardona et al. (2002); Frei et al. (2004); Frei et al. (2005); Aristizábal et al. (2013); Ebratt R. et al. (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTibraca limbativentris (stinkbug)PresentPantoja et al. (1995); Pantoja et al. (2007); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaToxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid)PresentSmith and Cermeli (1979); CABI and EPPO (1998); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTrialeurodes vaporariorum (whitefly, greenhouse)PresentRodriguez G. et al. (1996); Ángel D. et al. (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTropilaelapsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaUnaspis citri (citrus snow scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1962); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaVarroa destructor (Varroa mite)AbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaViteus vitifoliae (grapevine phylloxera)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaWasmannia auropunctata (little fire ant)PresentNativeInvasiveISSG (2014)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaXyleborus volvulusPresentNativeWood and Bright (1992); Burbano-Figueroa et al. (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaXylosandrus morigerus (brown twig beetle)PresentEPPO (2022); Wood and Bright (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAequidens pulcher (blue acara)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAmatitlania nigrofasciata (convict cichlid)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAristichthys nobilis (bighead carp)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); FishBase (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAstronotus ocellatus (oscar)Present, WidespreadNativeKullander (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBoa imperator (Central American Boa)Present, WidespreadNativeHynková et al. (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBos taurus (cattle)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); CABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBubulcus ibis (cattle egret)PresentIntroducedInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCarassius auratus auratus (goldfish)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Froese and Pauly (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCichla ocellaris (peacock cichlid)Present, WidespreadNativeWinemiller (2001); Kullander and Ferreira (2006); Willis et al. (2012); Espínola et al. (2015)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataColumba livia (pigeons)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCtenopharyngodon idella (grass carp)AbsentShireman and Smith (1983); Welcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004); Froese and Pauly (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCtenosaura similis (black spiny-tailed iguana)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveTamsitt and Valdivieso (1963)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCyprinus carpio (common carp)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); FAO (1996); Lever (1998)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataEquus caballus [ISC] (horse)Present, LocalizedIntroducedGrubb (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataEquus ferusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataFelis catus (cat)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataHerpestes auropunctatus (small Indian mongoose)PresentIntroducedInvasiveLong (2003); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataHoplosternum littorale (armoured catfish)PresentNativeFishBase (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataHypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); FishBase (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataHypostomus plecostomus (suckermouth catfish)PresentIntroducedLopez Macias et al. (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataIguana iguana (iguana)PresentNativeLeenders (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMicropterus salmoides (largemouth bass)PresentIntroducedWelcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMolothrus bonariensis (shiny cowbird)PresentNativeInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMus musculus (house mouse)PresentSchotman (1989)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOreochromis aureus (blue tilapia)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Pullin et al. (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Pullin et al. (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004); Bartley (2006); Leal-Flórez et al. (2008)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOryctolagus cuniculus (rabbits)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOxyura jamaicensis (ruddy duck)Present, LocalizedNativeFjeldså and Krabbe (1990)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPasser domesticus (house sparrow)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPiaractus brachypomus (pirapitinga)PresentNativeFishBase (2004); Froese and Pauly (2004); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPoecilia latipinna (sailfin molly)PresentIntroducedWelcomme (1988)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPoecilia reticulata (guppy)Present, WidespreadIntroducedWelcomme (1988); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPterois volitans (lionfish)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedGonzalez et al. (2009); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRachycentron canadum (cobia)PresentNativeInvasiveKing (2016); IUCN (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRana catesbeiana (American bullfrog)PresentIntroducedKraus (2009); Santos-Barrera et al. (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRattus rattus (black rat)PresentSchotman (1989)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRhinella marina (cane toad)PresentNativeInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataSalmo trutta (sea trout)PresentIntroducedWelcomme (1988)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataSalvelinus fontinalis (brook trout)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataSus scrofa [ISC] (feral pig)PresentIntroducedIUCN (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataThorichthys meeki (firemouth cichlid)PresentIntroducedWelcomme (1988); Lever (1996); Froese R and Pauly D (2014)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataTrichopodus trichopterus (three spot gourami)PresentIntroducedWelcomme (1988)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataTyto alba (Barn owl)PresentNativeBruce (1999)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataXiphophorus helleriiPresentIntroducedWelcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2007)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataXiphophorus maculatus (southern platyfish)PresentIntroducedWelcomme (1988)
EukaryotaMetazoaCnidariaTubastraea coccinea (orange-cup coral)PresentInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaEchinodermataAcanthaster planci (crown-of-thorns starfish)PresentNarváez and Zapata (2010)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaAchatina fulica (giant African land snail)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveOssa-Lacayo et al. (2012); Vogler et al. (2013); Ossa-Lacayo and Ossa V. (2014); Penagos-Tabares et al. (2019); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaCornu aspersum (common garden snail)PresentIntroducedHausdorf (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaDeroceras invadens (tramp slug)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHausdorf (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaDeroceras laeve (meadow slug)PresentIntroducedInvasiveSimroth (1910); Hausdorf (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaLimax maximus (leopard slug)PresentIntroducedSchoonhoven and Cardona (1980)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaMarisa cornuarietis (giant ramshorn)Present, WidespreadNativeSnyder et al. (1983); Horne et al. (1992); Cowie and Thiengo (2003); Cowie and Hayes (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaMelanoides tuberculata (red-rimmed melania)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveVelásquez et al. (2000)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaMytilopsis sallei (Caribbean false mussel)Present, WidespreadNativePuyana (1995); Vilardy and Polanía (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaOxychilus alliarius (garlic snail)PresentIntroducedHausdorf (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaPinctada imbricata radiata (rayed pearl oyster)PresentNativeLeal (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaPomacea canaliculata (golden apple snail)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedHayes et al. (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaDitylenchus dipsaci (stem and bulb nematode)PresentPerdomo P. et al. (1984); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaGlobodera pallida (white potato cyst nematode)Present, LocalizedIntroducedBuriticá C. (1993); Franco et al. (1998); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaGlobodera rostochiensis (yellow potato cyst nematode)Present, LocalizedNativeBaeza (1972); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaGlobodera tabacum (tobacco cyst nematode)PresentShepherd and Barker (1990); CABI and EPPO (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaHelicotylenchus multicinctus (banana spiral nematode)PresentSher (1966); Gomez Tovar (1980); CABI and EPPO (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaHeterodera glycines (soybean cyst nematode)PresentCABI and EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode)PresentTaylor et al. (1982); CABI and EPPO (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne graminicola (rice root knot nematode)PresentBastidas and Montealegre S. (1994); CABI and EPPO (2001); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne hapla (root knot nematode)PresentCABI and EPPO (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode)PresentCABI and EPPO (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm)Present, WidespreadCABI and EPPO (2002); Agudelo et al. (2006); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaPratylenchus coffeae (banana root nematode)Present, WidespreadWehunt and Edwards (1968); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaRadopholus similis (burrowing nematode)PresentLoos (1961); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaRhadinaphelenchus cocophilus (red ring nematode)Present, WidespreadCabrera (1965); CABI and EPPO (1999); Silva et al. (2016); Ide et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaTrichinellaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaTylenchulus semipenetrans (citrus root nematode)Present, WidespreadOlivares (1969); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesEchinococcusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesEchinococcus granulosusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesEchinococcus multilocularisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesGyrodactylus salarisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesTaenia soliumAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaPlanctomycetes [kingdom]Chlamydophila abortusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaPlanctomycetes [kingdom]Chlamydophila psittaciAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeChlorophytaCaulerpa taxifolia (killer algae)PresentGuiry and Guiry (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaAdiantum raddianum (delta maidenhair fern)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaAzolla filiculoides (water fern)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2003); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaBlechnum appendiculatum (palm fern)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaBlechnum cordatumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaCeratopteris thalictroides (watersprite)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaChristella dentata (soft fern)Present, WidespreadNativeGBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaMacrothelypteris torresiana (swordfern)PresentIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaNephrolepis brownii (Asian swordfern)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); GBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaPteridium aquilinum (bracken)PresentNativeThomson and Alonso-Amelot (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaPteris tripartita (giant brake)PresentIntroducedSmith et al. (1999)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaPteris vittata (Chinese ladder brake fern)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaSalvinia auriculata (giant salvinia)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaSalvinia minimaPresentNativeGBIF (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaSalvinia molesta (kariba weed)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaThelypteris opulenta (jewelled maiden fern)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedSmith (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeRhodophytaAcanthophora spiciferaPresentNativeTaylor (1960)
EukaryotaPlantaeRhodophytaHypnea musciformisPresentNativeTaylor (1960); Díaz-Pulido and Díaz-Ruíz (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbelmoschus moschatus (musk mallow)PresentIntroducedOrwa et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbutilon hirtum (Indian mallow)PresentIntroducedAchigan-Dako (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia angustissima (prairie acacia)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2015); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia auriculiformis (northern black wattle)Present, PlantedIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia caven (Roman cassie)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia decurrens (green wattle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveRandall (2012); CSIRO (2000); FAO (2016); ILDIS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia farnesiana (huisache)PresentNativeILDIS (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia glauca (wild dividivi)PresentNativeGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia longifolia (golden wattle)PresentIntroducedPIER (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia mangium (brown salwood)PresentIntroducedVascular Plants of Antioquia (2016); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia melanoxylon (Australian blackwood)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcalypha virginicaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcanthospermum australe (spiny-bur)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcanthospermum hispidum (bristly starbur)PresentNativeInvasiveHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAchillea millefolium (yarrow)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAchyranthes aspera (devil's horsewhip)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAdonidia merrillii (Christmas palm)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAeschynomene americana (shyleaf)PresentNativeILDIS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAeschynomene indica (Indian jointvetch)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgave americana (century plant)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratum conyzoides (billy goat weed)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratum houstonianum (Blue billygoatweed)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgropyron cristatum (crested wheatgrass)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlbizia lebbeck (Indian siris)PresentIntroducedVascular Plants of Antioquia (2016); ILDIS (2016); PIER (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlbizia niopoides (silk tree)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAllamanda blanchetii (purple allamanda)PresentIntroducedMorales (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAllamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda)PresentGovaerts (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlocasia cucullata (Chinese taro)PresentIntroducedTobar-Vargas et al. (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlopecurus pratensis (meadow foxtail)PresentIntroducedRandall (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAloysia citrodora (lemon verbena)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlpinia purpurata (red ginger)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlpinia zerumbet (shell ginger)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera caracasanaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera halimifolia (hairy joyweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera sessilis (sessile joyweed)Present, LocalizedHolm et al. (1991); Missouri Botanical Garden (2014); Ramirez-Padilla et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlysicarpus vaginalis (alyce clover)PresentVascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus blitum (livid amaranth)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus cruentus (red amaranth)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedGrubben (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus dubius (spleen amaranth)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013); Salcedo Martínez and Forero (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus hybridus (smooth pigweed)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth)PresentNativeDavidse et al. (2015); Holm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmbrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmbrosia peruviana (Peruvian ragweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAndropogon glomeratus (bushy bluestem)PresentNativeGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAndropogon virginicus (broomsedge)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnethum graveolens (dill)PresentIntroducedVascular Plants of Antioquia (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona cherimola (cherimoya)PresentNativeMorton (1987); Bircher and Bircher (2000); Orwa et al. (2009); Vascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona glabra (pond apple)PresentNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona muricata (soursop)Present, PlantedVascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona reticulata (bullock's heart)PresentNativeVascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona squamosa (sugar apple)PresentNativeVascular Plants of Antioquia (2015); USA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnredera cordifolia (Madeira vine)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAntigonon leptopus (coral vine)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArgemone mexicana (Mexican poppy)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAristida ternipes (spidergrass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAristolochia elegans (elegant Dutchman’s pipe)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015); Vascular Plants of Antioquia (2015); Weeds of Australia (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAristolochia littoralis (elegant dutchman's pipe)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAristolochia ringens (Dutchman’s pipe)PresentNativeVascular Plants of Antioquia (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArrhenatherum elatius (false oat-grass)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArthraxon hispidus (small carpetgrass)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArtocarpus altilis (breadfruit)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated);
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArundo donax (giant reed)PresentIntroducedInvasiveI3N-Colombia (2014); Missouri Botanical Garden (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsclepias curassavica (bloodflower)PresentNativeUSA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2011); USDA-ARS (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsystasia gangetica (chinese violet)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAvena fatua (wild oat)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1979); Hafliger and Scholz (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAverrhoa bilimbi (bilimbi)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated);
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAxonopus compressus (carpet grass)PresentMaldonado and Velasquez (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAxonopus fissifoliusPresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAzadirachta indica (neem tree)PresentIntroducedWorld Agroforestry Centre (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBacopa monnieri (water hyssop)PresentBarringer (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBambusa longispiculata (mahal bamboo)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBambusa tuldoides (punting pole bamboo)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBambusa vulgaris (common bamboo)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBasella alba (malabar spinach)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2017); USDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBatis maritima (saltwort)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBauhinia monandra (Napoleon's plume)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBauhinia variegata (mountain ebony)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBegonia nelumbiifolia (lilypad begonia)PresentNativeAcevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBidens pilosa (blackjack)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBidens subalternansPresentNativeEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBixa orellana (annatto)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2015); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBlechum pyramidatum (Browne's blechum)PresentRomo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBocconia frutescens (plume poppy)PresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBoerhavia coccinea (scarlet spiderling)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016); Holm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBoerhavia diffusa (red spiderling)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBontia daphnoides (white alling)PresentNativeMurcia et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBorreria latifolia (broadleaf buttonweed)PresentRomo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBothriochloa bladhii (Caucasian bluestem)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBothriochloa ischaemum (yellow bluestem)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBothriochloa pertusa (pitted beard grass)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBothriochloa saccharoidesPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBougainvillea spectabilis (great bougainvillea)PresentIntroducedGrandtner and Chevrette (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica juncea (mustard)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica nigra (black mustard)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica rapa (field mustard)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBreynia disticha (snowbush)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedMurillo (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBriza maxima (large quaking grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUSDA-ARS (2013); PIER (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromelia pinguin (wild pineapple)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrugmansia candida (angel's trumpet)PresentIntroducedAlvarez (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrugmansia suaveolens (white angel's trumpet)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBuddleja davidii (butterfly bush)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2009); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCaesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2014); Vascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCaladium bicolor (heart of Jesus)PresentNativeGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalceolaria chelidonioidesPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalceolaria tripartitaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalliandra houstoniana var. calothyrsus (calliandra)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalopogonium caeruleum (jicama)PresentNativeILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalopogonium mucunoides (calopo)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalotropis procera (apple of sodom)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCananga odorata (ylang-ylang)PresentIntroducedHanelt et al. (2001); Vascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCanavalia ensiformis (jack bean)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCanna indica (canna lilly)PresentNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCanna x generalis (canna lily)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCapsella bursa-pastoris (shepherd's purse)PresentIntroducedGalvez and Criollo E. (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCapsicum annuum (bell pepper)PresentFAO (2009); Vascular Plants of Antioquia (2014); Aguilar-Meléndez et al. (2017); Olaya et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCapsicum baccatum (pepper)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCardiospermum grandiflorum (balloon vine)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCarludovica palmata (Panama hat plant)PresentNativeIUCN (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCascabela thevetia (yellow oleander)PresentNativePOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCassia fistula (Indian laburnum)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2014); Vascular Plants of Antioquia (2014); Kondo et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCassia grandis (pink shower)PresentNativeILDIS (2014); USDA-ARS (2014); Vascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCastilla elastica (Mexican rubber tree)Present, WidespreadNativeUSDA-ARS (2015); PIER (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCasuarina equisetifolia (casuarina)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCasuarina glauca (scaly oak (Australia))Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCatharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCecropia peltata (trumpet tree)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCedrela odorata (Spanish cedar)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass)PresentIntroducedGarcía-Ulloa et al. (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCenchrus echinatus (southern sandbur)Present, WidespreadCardenas et al. (1972); Holm et al. (1977); Holm et al. (1991); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCentella asiatica (Asiatic pennywort)PresentNativeGBIF (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCentratherum punctatum (lark daisy)PresentNativeKirkman (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCeratophyllum demersum (coontail)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCestrum nocturnum (night jessamine)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationNativeVascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChamaecrista nictitans (sensitive partridge pea)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChenopodium album (fat hen)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris barbata (purpletop chloris)PresentHafliger and Scholz (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris gayana (Rhodes grass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris virgata (feather finger grass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChromolaena odorata (Siam weed)PresentNativeGautier (1992)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCinchona pubescens (quinine tree)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCissus verticillata (possum grape vine)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2020); Romo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCitrus aurantiifolia (lime)PresentFAO (2013); Ebratt-Ravelo et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCitrus aurantium (sour orange)PresentFAO (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClerodendrum chinense (Chinese glory bower)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClerodendrum paniculatum (pagoda flower)PresentIntroducedRueda (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClerodendrum thomsoniae (bleeding glory bower)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedVascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClidemia hirta (Koster's curse)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1979); PIER (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClitoria ternatea (butterfly-pea)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClusia roseaPresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCocos nucifera (coconut)PresentIntroducedHenderson et al. (1995); Carrillo et al. (2011); Kondo et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCoix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedPinto-Escobar (1985); Idárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaColocasia esculenta (taro)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011); Romo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCommelina diffusa (spreading dayflower)PresentCiba Geigy (1982); Romo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConyza bonariensis (hairy fleabane)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1979); Romo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConyza canadensis (Canadian fleabane)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConyza sumatrensis (tall fleabane)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCopaifera officinalis (copaiba balsam)PresentPieri et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCordia alliodora (Ecuador laurel)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCortaderia jubata (purple pampas grass)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCortaderia selloana (pampas grass)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCorymbia citriodora (lemon-scented gum)Present, PlantedRodas et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCosmos caudatus (wild cosmos)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014); Sherff (1932)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCosmos sulphureus (sulphur cosmos)PresentNativeVascular Plants of Antioquia (2016); Robinson (2006); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrocosmia x crocosmiiflora (montbretia)PresentIntroducedGovaerts and Barker (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrotalaria maypurensis (rattlebox weed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrotalaria retusa (rattleweed)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrotalaria spectabilis (showy rattlepod)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCroton argenteus (silver July croton)PresentNativeGovaerts (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCryptostegia grandiflora (rubber vine)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCuphea carthagenensis (Colombian waxweed)PresentBarroso (1954); Missouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCuphea hyssopifolia (false heather)PresentNativeFlora, Mesoamericana (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCupressus sempervirens (Mediterranean cypress)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyathula prostrata (pasture weed)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyclanthera pedataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCymbopogon citratus (lemongrass)PresentIntroducedZuloaga et al. (2003); Pardo-Cardona (1999)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCymbopogon nardus (citronella grass)Present, LocalizedIntroducedeMonocot (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveIABIN (2014); Holm et al. (1979); Montes Rodríguez and Kondo (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCynodon nlemfuensis (African Bermuda-grass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge)PresentFischer et al. (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (1994); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus imbricatus (shingle flatsedge)PresentNativeGovaerts (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus iria (rice flatsedge)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus meyenianus (Meyen's flatsedge)PresentNativeGBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus odoratusPresentRomo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus papyrus (papyrus)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge)PresentHolm et al. (1979); Holm et al. (1977)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura ferox (fierce thornapple)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura innoxia (downy thorn apple)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura inoxia (Downy Thornapple)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura metel (Hindu datura)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationVascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura stramonium (jimsonweed)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDelairea odorata (Cape ivy)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDelonix regia (flamboyant)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDesmodium incanum (creeping beggerweed)PresentNativeILDIS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDesmodium uncinatum (Silver-leaf desmodium)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDichanthium annulatum (Kleberg's bluestem)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDichanthium aristatum (angelton bluestem)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDichanthium caricosum (nadi blue grass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDieffenbachia seguine (dumb cane)PresentNativeHEAR (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria bicornis (Asian crabgrass)Present, WidespreadIntroducedGiraldo-Cañas (2011); PIER (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria eriantha (pangola grass)PresentIntroducedGiraldo-Cañas (2011); PIER (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria fuscescens (yellow crab grass)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2016); Giraldo-Cañas (2011); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria insularis (sourgrass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDiodia teres (poorjoe)PresentNativeWunderlin and Hansen (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDioscorea alata (white yam)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011); Dallot et al. (2001); FAO (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDioscorea bulbifera (air potato)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDioscorea cayenensis (Guinea yam)PresentIntroducedUniversidad Nacional de Colombia (2017); Dallot et al. (2001)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDipsacus fullonum (common teasel)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper)PresentNativeUlloa (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDombeya wallichii (pink ball)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDrymaria cordata (tropical chickweed)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997); Romo et al. (2012); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDuranta erecta (golden dewdrop)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDypsis lutescens (yellow butterfly palm)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011); Kondo et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDysphania ambrosioides (Mexican tea)PresentUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa colona (junglerice)PresentHolm et al. (1979); Fischer et al. (1993); IABIN (2014); Montes Rodríguez and Kondo (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1991); IABIN (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa crus-pavonis (gulf cockspur grass)PresentNativeTropicos (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinodorus grisebachiiPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinodorus horizontalisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEclipta prostrata (eclipta)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEgeria densa (leafy elodea)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEichhornia azurea (anchored water hyacinth)PresentNativeUK, Royal Botanic Gardens (Kew) (2009); USA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009); USDA-ARS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth)Present, WidespreadNativeInvasiveGopal (1987); PIER (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaElaeis guineensis (African oil palm)PresentFAO (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaElephantopus mollis (elephant's foot)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEleusine indica (goose grass)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1979); Romo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia coccinea (scarlet tasselflower)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011); Romo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia fosbergii (Florida tassel-flower)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2018); Hincapié C. et al. (1993); Holm et al. (1997); Romo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEntada gigas (sea-bean)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis amabilis (Japanese lovegrass)PresentIntroducedGiraldo Cañas et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis atrovirens (thalia lovegrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis ciliaris (gophertail lovegrass)PresentIntroducedGiraldo Cañas et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis curvula (weeping lovegrass)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis japonica (pond lovegrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis pilosa (India lovegrass)PresentIntroducedGiraldo Cañas et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErechtites hieraciifolius (American burnweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErechtites valerianifolius (tropical burnweed)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2012); GBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErigeron karvinskianus (Karwinsky’s fleabane)PresentIntroducedPruski (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEriobotrya japonica (loquat)Present, PlantedIntroducedOrwa et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErodium cicutarium (common storksbill)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErythrina berteroana (coralbean)PresentNativeILDIS (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErythrina poeppigiana (coral tree)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEtlingera elatior (torch ginger)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptusPresentConstantino (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptus globulus (Tasmanian blue gum)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptus paniculata (grey ironbark)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptus robusta (swamp mahogany)PresentIntroducedOrwa et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEugenia uniflora (Surinam cherry)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia hirta (garden spurge)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia hypericifolia (graceful spurge)PresentNativePIER (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia lactea (mottled spurge)PresentIntroducedLittle et al. (1974)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia leucocephala (white Christmas bush)PresentGovaerts (2020); POWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia milii (crown-of-thorns)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedBernal et al. (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia tithymaloides (devil's backbone)PresentNativeGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia trigona (African milk weed)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedMurillo (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFestuca arundinacea (tall fescue)PresentIntroducedeMonocot (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus benjamina (weeping fig)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationVascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus carica (common fig)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedVascular Plants of Antioquia (2014); FAO (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus microcarpa (Indian laurel tree)PresentWBN Flora Database (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus pumila (creeping fig)PresentIntroducedFlora of Nicaragua (2014); Vascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus religiosa (sacred fig tree)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFimbristylis littoralis (lesser fimbristylis)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFlemingia macrophylla (large leaf flemingia)PresentIntroducedOrwa et al. (2009); Martínez-Alava et al. (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFlemingia strobilifera (wild hops)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFoeniculum vulgare (fennel)PresentVascular Plants of Antioquia (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFraxinus uhdei (tropical ash)PresentIntroducedFilgueira et al. (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFurcraea foetida (Mauritius hemp)PresentNativeGovaerts and Barker (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGaillardia pulchella (Indian blanket)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier)Present, LocalizedCABI (Undated); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalinsoga quadriradiata (shaggy soldier)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalphimia gracilis (goldshower)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGarcia nutans (false tung oil tree)PresentNativeGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGenista monspessulana (Montpellier broom)PresentIntroducedGarcia-Barriga and Forero (1968)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGeoffroea decorticans (Chilean palo verde)Present, Few occurrencesNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGliricidia sepium (gliricidia)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2002); WAC (2005); Romo et al. (2012); ILDIS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGmelina arborea (candahar)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGnaphalium purpureumPresentRomo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGomphrena serrata (arrasa con todo)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGossypium barbadense (Gallini cotton)PresentIntroducedPROTA (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGrevillea robusta (silky oak)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGunnera tinctoria (giant rhubarb)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHelanthium tenellumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHelianthus annuus (sunflower)PresentFAO (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeliconia bihai (macaw flower)PresentNativeGovaerts (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeliocarpus americanus (white moho)Present, WidespreadNativeLay (1949); USDA-ARS (2012); Grandtner and Chevrette (2013); Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeliotropium indicum (Indian heliotrope)PresentJohnston (1928); Holm et al. (1977)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHemigraphis alternata (red ivy)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHevea brasiliensis (rubber)PresentFAO (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHirschfeldia incana (shortpod mustard)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHolcus lanatus (common velvet grass)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2013); Missouri Botanical Garden (2013); USDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHordeum flexuosumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHura crepitans (sand box)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHydrocotyle ranunculoides (floating pennywort)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedMathias (1936); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHylocereus undatus (dragon fruit)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHymenachne amplexicaulis (hymenachne)Present, WidespreadNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyparrhenia rufa (Jaragua grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveIABIN (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHypochaeris radicata (cat's ear)PresentIntroducedPIER (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyptis brevipes (lesser roundweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyptis suaveolens (pignut)PresentNativeGBIF (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaImpatiens balsamina (garden balsam)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated); GRIIS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaImpatiens walleriana (busy lizzy)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDíaz-Espinosa AM et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaImperata cylindrica (cogon grass)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo)PresentPIER (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera spicata (creeping indigo)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera suffruticosa (Anil indigo)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera trita (Asian indigo)PresentILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaInga punctata (ice cream bean tree)Present, WidespreadNativeIUCN (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea alba (white moonflower )PresentNativeStaples (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea aquatica (swamp morning-glory)PresentIntroducedGunn and Ritchie (1982); Perez-Vasquez et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea cairica (five-fingered morning glory)PresentIntroducedStaples (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea carneaPresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (bush morning glory)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea hederifolia (scarlet-creeper )PresentNativeStaples (2016); Witt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea imperatiPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea indica (ocean blue morning-glory)PresentStaples (2017); USDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea nil (white edge morning-glory)PresentNativeStaples (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea purpurea (tall morning glory)PresentNativeDavidse et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea quamoclit (cypress vine)PresentIntroducedStaples (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea triloba (three-lobe morning glory)Present, LocalizedHolm et al. (1979); Hallman (1984); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIschaemum rugosum (saramollagrass)Present, LocalizedHolm et al. (1979); Clayton et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIxora casei (giant red ixora)PresentIntroducedPOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJacaranda mimosifolia (jacaranda)Present, PlantedIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJasminum multiflorum (star jasmine)PresentIntroducedIdárraga (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJatropha curcas (jatropha)Present, PlantedMissouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJatropha gossypiifolia (bellyache bush)Present, WidespreadNativeCSIRO (1998); Ocampo and Balick (2009); USA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009); USDA-ARS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJuncus effusus (common rush)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); Balslev (1996); Kirschner (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJuncus tenuis (slender rush)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJusticia pectoralis (freshcut)PresentNativeIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaKalanchoe blossfeldiana (flaming katy)PresentIntroducedIdárraga et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaKalanchoe pinnata (cathedral bells)PresentIntroducedBoiteau and Allorge-Boiteau (1995); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd)PresentIntroducedGRIIS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLagerstroemia indica (Indian crape myrtle)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLagerstroemia speciosa (Pride of India)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLamium amplexicaule (henbit deadnettle)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLantana camara (lantana)PresentNativeMorton (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLathyrus odoratus (sweet pea)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLaunaea intybacea (bitter lettuce)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeersia hexandra (southern cut grass)PresentPyrah (1969)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLemna aequinoctialis (lesser duckweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLemna minutaPresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLemna perpusilla (duckweed)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeonotis nepetifolia (Christmas candlestick)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeonurus japonicus (honeyweed)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeptochloa fusca (sprangletop)PresentNativeWCSP (2018); PIER (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeptochloa mucronata (mucronate sprangletop )PresentIntroducedInvasiveFischer et al. (1993); Aramendiz-Tatis et al. (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeucaena diversifoliaPresent, PlantedIntroducedWorld Agroforestry Centre (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeucaena leucocephala (leucaena)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeucophyllum frutescens (Texas barometer bush)PresentIntroducedBernal et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLigustrum obtusifolium (border privet)PresentIntroducedUSDA-NRCS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLimnobium laevigatum (South American spongeplant)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLindernia crustacea (Malaysian false pimpernel)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLivistona chinensis (Chinese fan palm)PresentIntroducedIdárraga et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLolium temulentum (darnel)PresentIntroducedCoral et al. (1974); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia grandiflora (water primrose)PresentNativeGBIF (2009); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia hyssopifolia (water primrose)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia octovalvis (primrose willow)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia palustris (marsh seedbox)PresentNativePOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia peploides (water primrose)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (1997); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLuffa aegyptiaca (loofah)PresentZipcode Zoo (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLythrum maritimum (pukamole)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMacroptilium atropurpureum (siratro)PresentNativeCook et al. (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMalvaviscus arboreus (wax mallow)PresentUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMalvaviscus penduliflorus (Turk's cap mallow)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMangifera indica (mango)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedOrwa et al. (2009); Ocampo Flórez et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaManilkara zapota (sapodilla)PresentIntroducedOrwa et al. (2009); Govaerts (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMaranta arundinacea (arrowroot)PresentNativeGovaerts (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMarrubium vulgare (horehound)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMegathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1979); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelaleuca quinquenervia (paperbark tree)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelicoccus bijugatus (Spanish lime)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelilotus albus (honey clover)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelinis minutiflora (molasses grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveIABIN (2014); Missouri Botanical Garden (2003); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelinis repens (natal redtop)Present, WidespreadIntroducedGBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia aegyptia (hairy woodrose)PresentNativeVargas (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia cissoides (roadside woodrose)PresentNativeVargas (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia tuberosa (woodrose)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia umbellata (hogvine)PresentNativeFuentes et al. (2006)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMesosphaerum pectinatum (comb bushmint)Present, WidespreadNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMiconia calvescens (miconia)Present, LocalizedNativeMeyer (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMikania micrantha (bitter vine)PresentNativePIER (2015); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa arenosa (elegant mimosa)PresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa casta (graceful mimosa)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa diplotricha (giant sensitive plant)PresentNativeILDIS (2001); PIER (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa pigra (giant sensitive plant)Present, WidespreadNativeEPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa pudica (sensitive plant)Present, WidespreadNativeHolm et al. (1977); Barneby (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMomordica balsamina (common balsam apple)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMomordica charantia (bitter gourd)PresentIntroducedInvasiveMorales et al. (1974); Scholz (1988); Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997); Romo et al. (2012); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMorinda citrifolia (Indian mulberry)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMoringa oleifera (horse radish tree)Present, PlantedIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMorus nigra (black mulberry)PresentLim (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMucuna pruriens (velvet bean)PresentNativeBernal et al. (2011); Vascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMuntingia calabura (Jamaica cherry)Present, WidespreadNativeIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMurdannia nudiflora (doveweed)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1977); Plaza and Forero (1998); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMurraya paniculata (orange jessamine)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020); Ebratt-Ravelo et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMussaenda erythrophylla (red flag bush)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMussaenda philippica (Queen of Philippines)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMyriophyllum aquaticum (parrot's feather)PresentEPPO (2022); Schmidt-Mumm and Posada (2000)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMyroxylon balsamum (Peru balsam)PresentNativeILDIS (2015); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNelsonia canescens (blue pussyleaf)PresentDaniel (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNeonotonia wightii (perennial soybean)PresentFAO (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNerium oleander (oleander)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNicandra physalodes (apple of Peru)PresentCarmona B. and Jeffery (1972)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationVascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNopalea cochenillifera (cochineal cactus)Absent, Formerly presentHanelt (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNymphaea ampla (dot-leaf water-lily)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNymphaea lotus (white Egyptian lotus)PresentIntroducedWiersema (1982); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOeceoclades maculata (monk orchid)PresentIntroducedGaray and Taylor (1976)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines)PresentIntroducedOliveira and Souza (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOldenlandia lancifolia (calycose mille graines)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOpuntia elatior (red-flower prickly pear)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOpuntia stricta (erect prickly pear)PresentNativeBenson (1982)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOryza rufipogon (wild rice)PresentTakeoka (1963)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOxalis corniculata (creeping woodsorrel)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOxalis debilis (pink woodsorrel)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOxalis latifolia (sorrel)PresentHolm et al. (1979); Romo et al. (2012); Gobatto et al. (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPachira aquatica (pachira nut)PresentNativeFernández-Alonso et al. (2011); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPachira insignis (wild chestnut)PresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaParkinsonia aculeata (Mexican palo-verde)Present, PlantedNativeILDIS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaParmentiera aculeata (cucumber tree)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedGentry (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaParthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalidium geminatum (Egyptian paspalidium)Present, LocalizedNativeRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum conjugatum (buffalo grass)Present, WidespreadNativeHolm et al. (1979); Clayton et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum densum (dense crowngrass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum dilatatum (dallisgrass)PresentIntroducedPIER (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum distichum (knotgrass)PresentNativeInvasiveChase (1929); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum fasciculatum (bull grass)PresentNativeAliscioni (2002); Flora of Pakistan (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum millegrana (yerba brava)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum notatum (Bahia grass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum paniculatum (Russell River grass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum urvillei (Vasey grass)PresentNativeGiraldo-Cañas (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum)PresentNativeLansdown et al. (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum virgatum (sword grass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora antioquiensisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora edulis (passionfruit)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2014); Constantino (2002); Castro et al. (2013); Ramírez Gil et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora foetida (red fruit passion flower)PresentNativeKillip (1938); Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora ligularis (sweet granadilla)Present, WidespreadNativeDavidse et al. (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora maliformisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora quadrangularis (giant granadilla)PresentCABI Data Mining (undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora suberosa (corkystem passionflower)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora subpeltata (white passionflower)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora tarminiana (banana passionfruit)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora tripartita var. mollissima (banana passionfruit)Present, WidespreadNativeKillip (1938); Holm-Nielsen et al. (1988); USDA-ARS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu grass)Present, LocalizedIntroducedHolm et al. (1979); PIER (2008); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum polystachion (mission grass)PresentIntroducedHafliger and Scholz (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum purpureum (elephant grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveClayton et al. (2013); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPentas lanceolata (Egyptian starcluster)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPereskia aculeata (Lemon-vine)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPersicaria maculosa (redshank)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPersicaria punctata (dotted smartweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPetiveria alliacea (guinea hen weed)PresentNativeCardenas and Coulston (1967); Idárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhalaris arundinacea (reed canary grass)PresentHolm et al. (1979); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhalaris minor (littleseed canarygrass)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhaseolus lunatus (lima bean)PresentILDIS (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhleum pratense (timothy grass)PresentIntroducedKew (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhoenix canariensis (Canary Island date palm)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhragmites australis (common reed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhyllanthus urinaria (leafflower)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhyllostachys aurea (golden bamboo)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhysalis angulata (cutleaf groundcherry)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1997); Missouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhysalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012); Vargas et al. (2007); Vargas et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPimenta dioica (allspice)PresentIntroducedRodriquez (1969)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPimenta racemosa (bay rum tree)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus caribaea (Caribbean pine)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2013); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus oocarpa (ocote pine)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus patula (Mexican weeping pine)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus radiata (radiata pine)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPiper aduncum (spiked pepper)PresentNativeStarr et al. (2003); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPiper auritumPresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPistia stratiotes (water lettuce)PresentHolm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPithecellobium dulce (Manila tamarind)PresentNativeKondo et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPittosporum undulatum (Australian cheesewood)PresentIntroducedCooper (1956); Missouri Botanical Garden (2008); IABIN (2015); Ocampo Flórez et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlantago major (broad-leaved plantain)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPoa annua (annual meadowgrass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1997); Holm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolygonum aviculare (prostrate knotweed)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolygonum hydropiper (marsh pepper)PresentHafliger and Wolf (1988); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolygonum nepalense (Nepal persicaria)PresentMena et al. (1978)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPontederia cordata (pickerel weed)PresentWitt and Luke (2017); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPopulus nigra (black poplar)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPortulaca oleracea (purslane)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1991); Romo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPortulaca pilosa (kiss-me-quick)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2015); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaProsopis juliflora (mesquite)Present, PlantedNativeInvasiveBurkart (1976); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaProsopis pallida (mesquite)Present, LocalizedNativeBurkart (1976); Díaz Celis (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPrunus serotina (black cherry)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedVanhellemont (2009); Ocampo Flórez et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPseudelephantopus spicatus (false elephant’s foot)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPseudogynoxys chenopodioides (Mexican flamevine)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPsidium cattleianum (strawberry guava)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated); Ocampo Flórez et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPsidium guajava (guava)Present, PlantedNativeWorld Agroforestry Centre (2002); Romo et al. (2012); FAO (2013); Kondo et al. (2016); Ocampo Flórez et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPtychosperma elegans (solitaire palm)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPueraria phaseoloides (tropical kudzu)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaQuamoclit hederifoliaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRaphanus raphanistrum (wild radish)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRhizophora mangle (red mangrove)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRicinus communis (castor bean)Present, PlantedIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1979); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRivina humilis (bloodberry)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRosmarinus officinalis (rosemary)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationVascular Plants of Antioquia (2014); Kondo et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRotala ramosiorPresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRottboellia cochinchinensis (itch grass)Present, LocalizedIntroducedHolm et al. (1977); Millhollon and Burner (1993); Valverde et al. (1999); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRoystonea oleracea (Caribbean royal palm)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRubus rosifolius (roseleaf raspberry)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRuellia macrophylla (large leaved ruellia)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRumex acetosella (sheep's sorrel)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRumex crispus (curled dock)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRumex obtusifolius (broad-leaved dock)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRusselia equisetiformis (firecracker plant)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRytidostylis carthagenensisPresentNativeHassler (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSagittaria latifolia (broadleaf arrowhead)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalix humboldtiana (pencil willow)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalvia coccinea (scarlet sage)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalvia occidentalis (West Indian sage)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSamanea saman (rain tree)Present, PlantedNativeILDIS (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSambucus canadensis (American black elderberry)PresentNativeBernal et al. (2015); POWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSambucus nigra (elder)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSanchezia parvibracteata (sanchezia)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSanchezia speciosa (shrubby whitevein)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSansevieria trifasciata (mother-in-law’s tongue)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchinus molle (false pepper tree)PresentOcampo Flórez et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchizolobium parahyba (Brazilian fern tree)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSechium edule (chayote)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenecio inaequidens (South African ragwort)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)Nájar R. et al. (2001); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenecio madagascariensis (fireweed)Present, LocalizedIntroducedSindel et al. (1998)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenecio vulgarisPresent, WidespreadIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna alata (candle bush)PresentNativeCABI (Undated); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna bacillaris (whitebark senna)PresentNativeVascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna hirsuta (hairy senna)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna italica (Senegal senna)PresentIntroducedPOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna multijuga (November shower)Present, PlantedPIER (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna obtusifolia (sicklepod)Present, WidespreadNativeHolm et al. (1979); Palmer and Pullen (2001)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna occidentalis (coffee senna)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna septemtrionalis (smooth senna)PresentIntroducedIrwin and Barneby (1982); ILDIS (2014); Missouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna siamea (yellow cassia)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna spectabilis (whitebark senna)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedMissouri Botanical Garden (2014); ILDIS (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSesbania grandiflora (sesbania)PresentIntroducedPIER (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSetaria palmifolia (palm grass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSetaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail)PresentNativeGBIF (2012); Blydenstein (1967); Holm et al. (1979); Romo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSida acuta (sida)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1977)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSida linifolia (flaxleaf fanpetals)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); Smithsonian Museum of Natural History (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum americanumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011); Romo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum erianthum (potato tree)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014); Vascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum mammosum (nipplefruit nightshade)PresentHanelt et al. (2001); Lim (2013); USDA-ARS (2014); Vascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum nigrum (black nightshade)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum quitoense (naranjilla)PresentNativeNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2017); Vargas et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum seaforthianum (Brazilian nightshade)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum sisymbriifolium (sticky nightshade)PresentNativePOWO (2020); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum torvum (turkey berry)PresentBarrios et al. (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum tuberosum (potato)PresentVargas et al. (2009); Romo et al. (2012); USDA-ARS (2014); Vascular Plants of Antioquia (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum viarum (tropical soda apple)PresentCárdenas et al. (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum wendlandiiPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUSDA-ARS (2014); Romo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSorghum halepense (Johnson grass)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1991); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpartium junceum (Spanish broom)PresentIntroducedPIER (2017); ILDIS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpathodea campanulata (African tulip tree)Present, PlantedIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2008); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpergula arvensis (corn spurry)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpermacoce verticillata (shrubby false buttonwood)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSphagneticola trilobata (wedelia)PresentNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus pyramidalis (giant rat’s tail grass)PresenteMonocot (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus pyramidatus (whorled dropseed)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); Giraldo-Cañas and Peterson (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus tenuissimus (tropical dropseed)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); Parra-O (2006)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStachytarpheta cayennensis (blue snakeweed)Present, Few occurrencesNativeIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011); Davidse et al. (2012); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStachytarpheta jamaicensis (Jamaica vervain)PresentHolm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStellaria media (common chickweed)PresentHolm et al. (1977); Holm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStenotaphrum secundatum (buffalo grass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSterculia apetala (Panama tree)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStylosanthes hamata (Caribbean Stylo)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSynedrella nodiflora (synedrella)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSyngonium podophyllum (arrowhead vine)PresentNativeCroat (1981); Govaerts (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSyzygium cumini (black plum)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSyzygium jambos (rose apple)Present, PlantedIntroducedMorton (1987); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTabebuia rosea (pink poui)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTagetes erecta (Mexican marigold)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTagetes minuta (stinking Roger)PresentNativeInvasiveHolm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTalinum paniculatumPresentRomo et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTamarindus indica (tamarind)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2010); Mercado-Mesa et al. (2018); CABI Data Mining (undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTaraxacum officinale complex (dandelion)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTecoma capensis (Cape honeysuckle)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTecoma stans (yellow bells)Present, WidespreadNativeGentry (1992)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTectona grandis (teak)Present, PlantedCABI Data Mining (undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTephrosia candida (white tephrosia)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTerminalia catappa (Singapore almond)PresentIntroducedOrwa et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThespesia populnea (portia tree)PresentUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThlaspi arvense (field pennycress)PresentHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia alata (black eyed Susan)PresentIntroducedInvasiveIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia fragrans (whitelady)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia grandiflora (Bengal trumpet)PresentIntroducedIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTibouchina urvilleana (princessflower)PresentWingfield et al. (2001); Gryzenhout et al. (2006); Almeda (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTithonia diversifolia (Mexican sunflower)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDavidse et al. (2018); USDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTrachypogon spicatus (spiked crinkleawn)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTradescantia zebrina (wandering jew)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTribulus cistoides (false puncture vine)PresentHolm et al. (1977); Missouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTribulus terrestris (puncture vine)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTridax procumbens (coat buttons)Present, LocalizedHolm et al. (1997); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTrimezia steyermarkii (yellow walking iris)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017); Barker and Govaerts (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriplaris americana (ant tree)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTripsacum dactyloides (eastern gamagrass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriumfetta rhomboidea (diamond burbark)PresentNativeLay KK (1950)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriumfetta semitriloba (burweed)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTurbina corymbosa (Christmas vine)PresentNativeAustin and Staples (1991); USDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTypha angustifolia (lesser bulrush)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTypha domingensis (southern cattail)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUlex europaeus (gorse)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2007); Missouri Botanical Garden (2007); IABIN (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrena lobata (caesar weed)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrena sinuata (bur mallow)PresentNativeIdárraga-Piedrahita et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa brizantha (palisadegrass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa decumbens (signal grass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa humidicola (koronivia grass)PresentCABI Data Mining (undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa mutica (para grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1977)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa reptans (sprawling signalgrass)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrtica urens (annual nettle)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUtricularia gibbaPresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVachellia macracantha (porknut)PresentILDIS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbena brasiliensisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbena litoralis (blue vervain)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbesina encelioides (golden crownbeard)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVeronica serpyllifolia (thymeleaf speedwell)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVicia villosa (hairy vetch)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVigna marina (beach bean)PresentNativeGBIF (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVitex agnus-castus (chaste tree)PresentIntroducedBernal et al. (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVitex parviflora (molave)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVulpia bromoides (squirreltail fescue)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaXanthium spinosum (bathurst burr)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaXanthosoma sagittifolium (elephant ear)PresentNativeGovaerts (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaYoungia japonica (oriental false hawksbeard)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaZinnia peruviana (Peruvian zinnia)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaZiziphus mauritiana (jujube)PresentIntroducedMorton (1987)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaZoysia matrella (Manila grass)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2016); eMonocot (2016)
EukaryotaProtistaParamyxeaMarteilia refringensAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaBabesiaPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaBonamia exitiosaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaBonamia ostreaeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaMikrocystos mackiniAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaPerkinsus marinusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaPerkinsus olseniAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaPlasmodium relictumPresentNativeBennett and Borrero H. (1976)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaTritrichomonas foetusPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaTrypanosoma equiperdumAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaTrypanosoma evansiPresent, WidespreadIntroducedDesquesnes (2004); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusAfrican horse sickness virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusAfrican swine fever virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusArterivirusPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusavian infectious bronchitis virusPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusavian metapneumovirusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusAvipoxvirusPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusBanana streak diseasePresentNativeInvasiveDiekmann and Putter (1996)
VirusBarley yellow dwarf viruses (barley yellow dwarf)PresentDubin et al. (1984); Fox et al. (1990)
Virusbluetongue virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusbovine herpesvirus 1PresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusbovine leukemia virusPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusbovine viral diarrhea virusPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Viruscamelpox virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Viruscaprine arthritis encephalitis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusCitrus leprosis virus C (leprosis of citrus)Present, LocalizedCABI/EPPO (2013); León et al. (2006); Leon M. et al. (2006); León et al. (2008); EPPO (2022)
Virusclassical swine fever virusPresentOIE (2020); OIE (2020)
VirusCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusduck hepatitis A virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Viruseastern equine encephalitis virusPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusepizootic haematopoietic necrosis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusequid herpesvirus 1AbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusequine arteritis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusequine infectious anaemia virusPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusequine influenzavirusPresentOIE (2020); OIE (2020)
Virusfoot-and-mouth disease virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
Virusfowlpox virusPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusGallid herpesvirus 2PresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusHaliotid herpesvirus 1Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusinfectious bursal disease virusPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusinfectious haematopoietic necrosis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusinfectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusinfectious myonecrosis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusinfectious salmon anemia virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusinfluenza A virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019);
VirusJapanese encephalitis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Viruslumpy skin disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusMacrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusMaize dwarf mosaic virus (dwarf mosaic of maize)PresentCABI and EPPO (2003); CABI (Undated)
Virusmyxoma virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2019)
VirusNairobi sheep disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusNewcastle disease virusPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusNipah virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusPapaya ringspot virusPresent, WidespreadTorres and Giacometti (1966); CABI and EPPO (2003)
Viruspeste des petits ruminants virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusporcine epidemic diarrhea virusPresentPiñeros and Mogollón Galvis (2015)
Virusrabbit hemorrhagic disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusrabies virusPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusred sea bream iridovirusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusRift Valley fever virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusrinderpest virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusspring viraemia of carp virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusSugarcane mosaic virus (sugarcane mosaic)PresentISSCT (1989); EPPO (2022)
VirusSuid herpesvirus 1AbsentOIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2019)
Virusswine vesicular disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusTaura syndrome virusAbsentOIE (2019); Aranguren et al. (2013); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusTomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt)PresentUK, CAB International (1978); EPPO (2022)
Virustransmissible gastroenteritis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusVenezuelan equine encephalitis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
Virusvesicular stomatitis virusPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusviral hemorrhagic septicemia virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusvisna/maedi virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusWest Nile virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Viruswestern equine encephalitis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusWhite spot syndrome virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)

List of Species CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Species which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database and selected invasive species databases). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

Download CSV file

List of Animal Diseases

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The table lists the animal diseases recorded in the Compendium for this region (from the full disease datasheets). For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

Disease Distribution Origin Invasive References
abalone viral ganglioneuritisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
acarapisosis of honey beesAbsentOIE (2019); EPPO (2009); OIE (2019)
actinomycosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
acute hepatopancreatic necrosis diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Aeromonas infection in fishAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
African horse sicknessAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
African swine feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
American foul broodAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
anaplasmosisPresentKuttler et al. (1970); Corrier and Guzman (1977); Zararaz and Parra (1977); Patarroyo et al. (1978); Corrier et al. (1983); OIE Handistatus (2005)
anthraxAbsentOIE (2019); Food & Agriculture Organization (1972); OIE (1997); OIE (2019)
Aujeszky's diseaseAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
avian adenoviruses infectionsPresent, WidespreadMorales G. et al. (1984)
avian chlamydiosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
avian encephalomyelitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
avian infectious bronchitisPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2019)
avian influenzaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019);
avian leukosisPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
avian mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma gallisepticum)PresentOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2019)
avian mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma synoviae)PresentOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2019)
avipoxPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
babesiosisPresentOIE (2009); Zips (1989); Nowak (1990); Zintz (1990)
Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans infectionAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
blacklegPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
bluetongueAbsentOIE (2019); Homan et al. (1992); OIE (2019)
Bonamia roughleyi (Australian winter disease) of oystersAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
bonamiosis (Bonamia exitiosa)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bonamiosis (Bonamia ostreae)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Borrelia anserina infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
bovine anaplasmosisPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bovine babesiosisPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bovine genital campylobacteriosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2019)
bovine herpesvirus 1 infectionsPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bovine papular stomatitisPresentGonzález Ch. et al. (1985)
bovine parainfluenza 3 infectionPresentBetancur Hurtado et al. (2010)
bovine respiratory syncytial virus infectionPresentBetancur H. et al. (2011)
bovine spongiform encephalopathyAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bovine tuberculosisPresentOIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine venereal trichomonosisPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
bovine viral diarrhoeaPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BP virus diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
brucellosis (Brucella abortus)PresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
brucellosis (Brucella melitensis)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
brucellosis (Brucella ovis)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
brucellosis (Brucella suis)AbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Burkholderia pseudomallei infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
camel poxAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
caprine arthritis encephalitisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Chrysomya bezziana infestationAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
ChytridiomycosisPresentRuiz and Rueda-Almonacid (2008); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
classical swine feverPresentOIE (2020); OIE (2009); OIE (2020)
Clostridium perfringens enteritis and enterotoxaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
coccidiosisPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
Cochliomyia hominivorax infestationPresentOIE (2019); Forero B. et al. (2008); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
contagious agalactiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
contagious bovine pleuropneumoniaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
contagious caprine pleuropneumoniaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
contagious equine metritisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
contagious ophthalmiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
crayfish plagueAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Denman island diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
dourineAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
duck viral enteritisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
duck virus hepatitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EchinococcusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Echinococcus granulosusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Echinococcus multilocularisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
enzootic abortion of ewesAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
enzootic bovine leukosisPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
epizootic haematopoietic necrosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
epizootic haemorrhagic diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
epizootic lymphangitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
epizootic ulcerative syndromeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
equine coital exanthemaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
equine encephalomyelitis (Eastern)PresentOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2019)
equine encephalomyelitis (Western)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
equine infectious anaemiaPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
equine influenzaPresentOIE (2020); OIE (2009); OIE (2020)
equine piroplasmosisPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
equine rhinopneumonitisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
equine viral arteritisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Escherichia coli infectionsPresentMattar and Vasquez (1998)
European foul broodAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); Schotman (1989); OIE (2019)
fibropapillomatosis of sea turtlesPresentHerbst (1994)
foot-and-mouth disease in pigsAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019); CABI (Undated)
foot-and-mouth disease in ruminantsAbsentOIE (2019); Kitching (1998); OIE (2018); OIE (2019); CABI (Undated)
fowl choleraAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
fowl typhoidPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2019)
fowlpoxPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
glandersAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Gyrodactylus salaris infectionAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
haemorrhagic septicaemiaAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
haplosporidiosis of pacific oystersAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
heartwaterAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
horse poxAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
infection with Marteilia refringensAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
infection with Perkinsus marinusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
infection with Perkinsus olseniAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Infection with salmonid alphavirusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
infectious bursal diseasePresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
infectious coryzaPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
infectious haematopoietic necrosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
infectious laryngotracheitisPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2019); CABI (Undated)
infectious myonecrosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
infectious salmon anaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
Japanese encephalitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
koi herpesvirus diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
leishmaniosisPresentOIE (2019); Travi et al. (2001); OIE (2019)
leptospirosisPresentOIE (2009)
lumpy skin diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Marek's diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Mycoplasma agalactiae infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
myxomatosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2019)
Nairobi sheep diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
necrotizing hepatopancreatitisAbsentOIE (2019); Aranguren et al. (2006); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Newcastle diseasePresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Nipah virus infectionAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Oncorhynchus masou virus diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
paratuberculosisPresentWhittington et al. (2019); Mogollón G. et al. (1983); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
peste des petits ruminantsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Plasmodium relictum infectionPresentNativeBennett and Borrero H. (1976)
porcine enterovirus infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
porcine epidemic diarrhoeaPresentPiñeros and Mogollón Galvis (2015)
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndromeAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
pullorum diseaseAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
pulmonary adenomatosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (1998); OIE Handistatus (2005)
Q feverAbsentOIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2019)
rabbit haemorrhagic diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
rabiesPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Ranavirus infection in amphibiansAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
red sea bream iridoviral diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Rift Valley feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
rinderpestAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
rotavirus infections in livestock and poultryPresent, LocalizedSolarte et al. (1999)
scrapieAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
sheep and goat poxAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
small hive beetle infestationPresentOIE (2020); OIE (2019); OIE (2020)
spherical baculovirosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
spring viraemia of carpAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
stranglesAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
surraPresent, WidespreadIntroducedDesquesnes (2004); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
swine dysenteryAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
swine erysipelasPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
swine influenzaPresentHanssen V. et al. (1977)
swine vesicular diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Taura syndromeAbsentOIE (2019); Aranguren et al. (2013); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
theileriosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Tilapia lake virusPresentOIE (2020); OIE (2020)
Tilapia lake virus diseasePresentOIE (2020); OIE (2020)
transmissible gastroenteritis and porcine respiratory coronovirus infectionAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
TrichinellaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
trichomonosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Tropilaelaps infestation of honey beesAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
trypanosomosisPresentOIE (2019); Otte et al. (1994); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
tuberculosisPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
tularaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
turkey rhinotracheitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
varroosis of honey beesAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Venezuelan equine encephalitisPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
vesicular stomatitisPresentOIE (2009); Federer et al. (1967); Tesh et al. (1987)
viral haemorrhagic septicaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
visna/maediAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
West Nile feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
white spot diseaseAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
white tail diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Xenohaliotis californiensis infectionAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
yellow head diseaseAbsentOIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)

List of Animal Diseases CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Animal Diseases which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

Download CSV file

Agricultural Production

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Crop   2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Agave fibres nesArea harvested18,750 Im18,599 Im18,458 Im18,326 Im18,234 Im
Production quantity13,922 Im14,338 Im14,755 Im15,172 Im15,613 Im
Yield7,425 Fc7,709 Fc7,994 Fc8,279 Fc8,563 Fc
ApplesArea harvested613705570213225
Production quantity5,0534,7343,0652,2592,506
Yield82,431 Fc67,149 Fc53,772 Fc106,056 Fc111,378 Fc
AsparagusArea harvested1,6311,721752 Im2810
Production quantity11,8556,6132,525 Im7630
Yield72,685 Fc38,425 Fc33,577 Fc27,143 Fc30,000 Fc
AvocadosArea harvested63,53453,80141,06840,05736,461
Production quantity535,021445,075308,166294,389309,852
Yield84,210 Fc82,726 Fc75,038 Fc73,493 Fc84,982 Fc
BananasArea harvested105,60998,14279,866126,080123,781
Production quantity2,914,4192,567,1692,020,9153,691,1633,705,343
Yield275,963 Fc261,577 Fc253,038 Fc292,764 Fc299,347 Fc
BarleyArea harvested3,1494,4122,9574,8384,076
Production quantity8,52710,0045,51011,5458,137
Yield27,078 Fc22,675 Fc18,634 Fc23,863 Fc19,963 Fc
Beans, dryArea harvested86,71979,32393,102118,940125,167
Production quantity54,14798,504122,783108,867136,847
Yield6,244 Fc12,418 Fc13,188 Fc9,153 Fc10,933 Fc
Broad beans, horse beans, dryArea harvested1,1971,0841,0013,6231,059
Production quantity7,2897,3045,9916,2515,103
Yield60,894 Fc67,380 Fc59,850 Fc17,254 Fc48,187 Fc
Cabbages and other brassicasArea harvested1,948 Im2,056 Im2,235 Im2,312 Im2,067
Production quantity53,181 Im57,145 Im63,085 Im66,108 Im60,391
Yield273,003 Fc277,943 Fc282,260 Fc285,934 Fc292,167 Fc
Carrots and turnipsArea harvested10,2008,95712,85211,2057,766
Production quantity257,023222,469286,505223,569225,914
Yield251,983 Fc248,374 Fc222,926 Fc199,526 Fc290,901 Fc
Cashew nuts, with shellArea harvested1,7541,7472,04330,51411,004
Production quantity4,1123,4354,31270,54825,441
Yield23,444 Fc19,662 Fc21,106 Fc23,120 Fc23,120 Fc
CassavaArea harvested94,247109,54989,717230,470238,307
Production quantity1,026,6431,078,9191,056,5562,400,0762,092,200
Yield108,931 Fc98,487 Fc117,765 Fc104,138 Fc87,794 Fc
Cassava leavesArea harvested231,141 Im231,618 Im232,098 Im232,580 Im233,063 Im
Production quantity2,277,132 Im2,277,170 Im2,277,208 Im2,277,246 Im2,277,283 Im
Yield98,517 Fc98,316 Fc98,114 Fc97,912 Fc97,711 Fc
Cauliflowers and broccoliArea harvested3,4443,4361,617702464
Production quantity59,29153,83433,5607,3579,882
Yield172,157 Fc156,676 Fc207,545 Fc104,801 Fc212,974 Fc
Cereals nesArea harvested2,6382,5762,0231,8891,840
Production quantity6,3165,2574,4774,2504,289
Yield23,942 Fc20,408 Fc22,130 Fc22,499 Fc23,310 Fc
Cereals, TotalArea harvested914,103 A932,013 A987,188 A1,010,007 A929,600 A
Production quantity4,434,081 A4,349,018 A4,647,650 A4,396,731 A3,998,890 A
Yield48,507 Fc46,663 Fc47,080 Fc43,532 Fc43,017 Fc
Chick peasArea harvested772172179877
Production quantity82256250158120
Yield10,649 Fc11,797 Fc11,521 Fc16,122 Fc15,584 Fc
Chillies and peppers, greenArea harvested8,7047,2395,8062,9933,703
Production quantity132,753117,25296,69921,15124,703
Yield152,520 Fc161,973 Fc166,550 Fc70,668 Fc66,711 Fc
Citrus Fruit, TotalArea harvested106,148 A96,634 A87,721 A80,073 A73,536 A
Production quantity1,454,489 A1,342,193 A1,287,659 A1,249,660 A1,139,517 A
Yield137,025 Fc138,894 Fc146,790 Fc156,065 Fc154,960 Fc
Cocoa, beansArea harvested117,818105,739104,146141,143136,758
Production quantity102,15497,97889,28256,78554,798
Yield8,670 Fc9,266 Fc8,573 Fc4,023 Fc4,007 Fc
CoconutsArea harvested21,23220,97920,37918,06417,684
Production quantity145,578140,249142,235135,908130,662
Yield68,565 Fc66,852 Fc69,795 Fc75,237 Fc73,887 Fc
Coffee, greenArea harvested853,700877,140903,950778,362801,118
Production quantity885,120813,420851,640818,243827,750
Yield10,368 Fc9,274 Fc9,421 Fc10,512 Fc10,332 Fc
Cucumbers and gherkinsArea harvested3,2971,9781,8671,1681,698
Production quantity40,98238,74233,66422,05328,904
Yield124,301 Fc195,865 Fc180,311 Fc188,810 Fc170,224 Fc
DatesArea harvested4471919
Production quantity1612555757
Yield40,000 Fc30,000 Fc78,571 Fc30,000 Fc30,000 Fc
Eggplants (aubergines)Area harvested607442466504491
Production quantity6,9445,6584,1773,7143,409
Yield114,399 Fc128,009 Fc89,635 Fc73,690 Fc69,430 Fc
Fibre Crops PrimaryArea harvested37,079 A30,559 A29,431 A37,870 A43,568 A
Production quantity13,922 A14,338 A14,755 A15,172 A15,613 A
Yield3,755 Fc4,692 Fc5,013 Fc4,006 Fc3,584 Fc
FigsArea harvested1021021129995
Production quantity2,4132,5742,4732,3602,606
Yield236,569 Fc252,353 Fc220,804 Fc238,384 Fc274,316 Fc
Fruit PrimaryArea harvested770,501 A702,546 A601,923 A872,710 A843,598 A
Production quantity10,791,851 A9,475,998 A8,232,071 A12,091,093 A11,736,684 A
Yield140,063 Fc134,881 Fc136,763 Fc138,547 Fc139,127 Fc
Fruit, citrus nesArea harvested38,95437,92936,83235,95335,203
Production quantity566,765562,159575,723612,108574,062
Yield145,496 Fc148,214 Fc156,311 Fc170,252 Fc163,072 Fc
Fruit, fresh nesArea harvested70,30066,25561,00968,22464,060
Production quantity806,346729,032722,895786,943722,684
Yield114,701 Fc110,034 Fc118,490 Fc115,347 Fc112,814 Fc
Fruit, tropical fresh nesArea harvested64,112 Im62,681 Im61,236 Im59,735 Im59,772 Im
Production quantity643,688 Im628,903 Im613,996 Im598,546 Im597,918 Im
Yield100,401 Fc100,334 Fc100,267 Fc100,200 Fc100,033 Fc
GarlicArea harvested6957786361,394522
Production quantity9,27210,1756,71714,2079,211
Yield133,410 Fc130,784 Fc105,613 Fc101,915 Fc176,456 Fc
GrapesArea harvested3,9933,6962,5742,4122,214
Production quantity67,63257,47230,29929,15224,951
Yield169,376 Fc155,498 Fc117,712 Fc120,862 Fc112,696 Fc
Groundnuts, with shellArea harvested2,6582,2823,4124,2041,638
Production quantity4,5023,7146,3704,1581,792
Yield16,938 Fc16,275 Fc18,669 Fc9,891 Fc10,940 Fc
Lemons and limesArea harvested26,46821,85719,19013,03711,220
Production quantity334,652276,132237,835182,550156,072
Yield126,436 Fc126,336 Fc123,937 Fc140,025 Fc139,102 Fc
LentilsArea harvested5,936 Im5,697 Im5,445 Im5,179 Im4,821 Im
Production quantity1,653 Im1,598 Im1,543 Im1,488 Im1,407 Im
Yield2,785 Fc2,805 Fc2,834 Fc2,873 Fc2,918 Fc
Lettuce and chicoryArea harvested9,6099,8576,3874,1493,545
Production quantity239,820286,399165,39294,81178,093
Yield249,579 Fc290,554 Fc258,951 Fc228,515 Fc220,291 Fc
MaizeArea harvested372,778393,949379,907421,346400,673
Production quantity1,394,8631,378,3681,329,8561,295,0891,471,026
Yield37,418 Fc34,988 Fc35,005 Fc30,737 Fc36,714 Fc
Mangoes, mangosteens, guavasArea harvested46,92238,77641,19326,71027,215
Production quantity551,190416,736422,038301,529318,628
Yield117,469 Fc107,473 Fc102,454 Fc112,890 Fc117,078 Fc
Melons, other (inc.cantaloupes)Area harvested6,9894,3414,5664,0244,528
Production quantity101,78272,69159,50470,69958,148
Yield145,632 Fc167,452 Fc130,320 Fc175,693 Fc128,419 Fc
Nuts nesArea harvested272274274284280
Production quantity1,0991,0941,0901,0951,042
Yield40,404 Fc39,927 Fc39,781 Fc38,556 Fc37,214 Fc
OatsArea harvestedMMMMM
Production quantityMMMMM
Oil palm fruitArea harvested504,117487,214455,149309,139 Im333,145 Im
Production quantity8,390,3148,267,5137,914,4445,612,2676,249,380
Yield166,436 Fc169,690 Fc173,887 Fc181,545 Fc187,587 Fc
OilcropsArea harvested592,748 A561,881 A521,288 A382,585 A417,301 A
Production quantity8,719,234 A8,538,275 A8,169,787 A5,910,959 A6,557,338 A
Yield147,098 Fc151,959 Fc156,723 Fc154,501 Fc157,137 Fc
Oilcrops, Cake EquivalentArea harvested592,748 A561,881 A521,288 A382,585 A417,301 A
Production quantity386,928 A355,335 A333,182 A276,808 A304,166 A
Yield6,528 Fc6,324 Fc6,392 Fc7,235 Fc7,289 Fc
Oilcrops, Oil EquivalentArea harvested592,748 A561,881 A521,288 A382,585 A417,301 A
Production quantity1,874,592 A1,839,818 A1,760,754 A1,263,444 A1,403,022 A
Yield31,625 Fc32,744 Fc33,777 Fc33,024 Fc33,621 Fc
Onions, dryArea harvested32,59034,68334,74826,36518,785
Production quantity814,065870,443815,179708,804488,888
Yield249,790 Fc250,971 Fc234,597 Fc268,843 Fc260,254 Fc
OrangesArea harvested20,54219,98620,42719,45617,305
Production quantity351,200338,418331,502294,895268,750
Yield170,967 Fc169,328 Fc162,286 Fc151,570 Fc155,302 Fc
PapayasArea harvested6,8615,1885,4105,9855,332
Production quantity144,967125,328168,594177,458176,220
Yield211,291 Fc241,573 Fc311,634 Fc296,505 Fc330,495 Fc
Peaches and nectarinesArea harvested2,3202,2592,3602,2382,164
Production quantity30,03830,26831,19829,24929,334
Yield129,474 Fc133,988 Fc132,195 Fc130,693 Fc135,555 Fc
PearsArea harvested1,7671,5121,1991,4971,497
Production quantity22,22420,52415,72022,42219,755
Yield125,772 Fc135,741 Fc131,109 Fc149,780 Fc131,964 Fc
Peas, dryArea harvested34,17227,13737,42033,38529,176
Production quantity151,138119,140182,07659,36553,790
Yield44,229 Fc43,903 Fc48,657 Fc17,782 Fc18,436 Fc
Peas, greenArea harvestedMMMMM
Production quantityMMMMM
Pigeon peasArea harvested7696798461,203688
Production quantity766694825944547
Yield9,961 Fc10,221 Fc9,752 Fc7,847 Fc7,951 Fc
PineapplesArea harvested23,37821,19022,31223,42219,299
Production quantity1,008,687899,404944,210980,082776,893
Yield431,468 Fc424,447 Fc423,185 Fc418,445 Fc402,556 Fc
Plantains and othersArea harvested250,575234,613176,577421,034413,474
Production quantity2,185,0051,906,4531,312,7323,644,9253,651,636
Yield87,200 Fc81,259 Fc74,343 Fc86,571 Fc88,316 Fc
Plums and sloesArea harvested1,4061,4021,3371,4111,364
Production quantity16,90416,56518,09216,70315,167
Yield120,228 Fc118,153 Fc135,318 Fc118,377 Fc111,195 Fc
PotatoesArea harvested133,570134,924162,879160,595132,563
Production quantity3,123,8043,018,9993,706,5633,034,0312,582,147
Yield233,870 Fc223,756 Fc227,565 Fc188,924 Fc194,786 Fc
Pulses nesArea harvestedMMMMM
Production quantityMMMMM
Pulses, TotalArea harvested128,870 A114,137 A138,031 A162,428 A160,988 A
Production quantity215,075 A227,496 A313,468 A177,073 A197,814 A
Yield16,689 Fc19,932 Fc22,710 Fc10,902 Fc12,287 Fc
Pumpkins, squash and gourdsArea harvested13,1509,7899,9758,527 Im7,460 Im
Production quantity139,998110,141128,378114,768 Im98,916 Im
Yield106,462 Fc112,515 Fc128,700 Fc134,594 Fc132,595 Fc
RapeseedArea harvestedMMMMM
Production quantityMMMMM
Rice, paddyArea harvested531,158526,668597,255570,432510,897
Production quantity3,012,3112,944,8603,292,9833,059,2042,488,519
Yield56,712 Fc55,915 Fc55,135 Fc53,630 Fc48,709 Fc
Rice, paddy (rice milled equivalent)Production quantity2,009,211 Fc1,964,222 Fc2,196,420 Fc2,040,489 Fc1,659,842 Fc
Roots and tubers nesArea harvested8,8728,5128,53116,41516,338
Production quantity101,60492,26197,519139,283143,039
Yield114,522 Fc108,389 Fc114,311 Fc84,851 Fc87,550 Fc
Roots and Tubers, TotalArea harvested270,193 A281,784 A292,497 A449,033 A422,682 A
Production quantity4,661,216 A4,548,081 A5,225,210 A5,981,207 A5,177,276 A
Yield172,514 Fc161,403 Fc178,641 Fc133,202 Fc122,486 Fc
Rubber, naturalArea harvestedMMMMM
Production quantity13,107 Im12,600 *12,000 *11,800 *11,400 *
Seed cottonArea harvested18,32911,96010,97319,54425,334
Production quantity60,15530,39323,39475,25384,803
Yield32,820 Fc25,412 Fc21,320 Fc38,504 Fc33,474 Fc
Sesame seedArea harvested5,8634,8494,0622,5195,525
Production quantity4,6294,1753,2382,8253,034
Yield7,895 Fc8,610 Fc7,971 Fc11,215 Fc5,491 Fc
SorghumArea harvested1,6471,0202,4303,0026,779
Production quantity6,3804,1309,34513,09317,028
Yield38,737 Fc40,490 Fc38,457 Fc43,614 Fc25,119 Fc
SoybeansArea harvested40,54934,59727,31329,11533,975
Production quantity114,05692,23180,10680,54887,667
Yield28,128 Fc26,659 Fc29,329 Fc27,665 Fc25,803 Fc
Spices nesArea harvested3,3202,9063,2272,4652,476
Production quantity21,06016,93219,97922,52421,819
Yield63,434 Fc58,266 Fc61,912 Fc91,375 Fc88,122 Fc
SpinachArea harvested1,8991,8211,307692303
Production quantity26,06524,1146,2647,9677,701
Yield137,256 Fc132,422 Fc47,927 Fc115,130 Fc254,158 Fc
StrawberriesArea harvested1,8882,1021,9601,5891,503
Production quantity53,73051,83880,29357,17255,719
Yield284,587 Fc246,613 Fc409,658 Fc359,799 Fc370,719 Fc
Sugar beetArea harvested1,173 Im1,163 Im1,153 Im1,142 Im1,123 Im
Production quantity33,204 Im32,169 Im31,134 Im30,099 Im28,576 Im
Yield283,069 Fc276,604 Fc270,026 Fc263,564 Fc254,461 Fc
Sugar caneArea harvested457,783455,114431,027402,314409,462
Production quantity32,662,95233,454,40923,389,03934,759,60636,139,166
Yield713,503 Fc735,078 Fc542,635 Fc863,992 Fc882,601 Fc
Sugar crops nesArea harvestedMMMMM
Production quantityMMMMM
Sugar Crops PrimaryArea harvested458,956 A456,277 A432,180 A403,456 A410,585 A
Production quantity32,696,156 A33,486,578 A23,420,173 A34,789,705 A36,167,742 A
Yield712,403 Fc733,909 Fc541,908 Fc862,292 Fc880,883 Fc
Sunflower seedArea harvestedMMMMM
Production quantityMMMMM
Tangerines, mandarins, clementines, satsumasArea harvested20,18416,86211,27211,6279,808
Production quantity201,872165,484142,599160,107140,633
Yield100,016 Fc98,140 Fc126,507 Fc137,703 Fc143,386 Fc
TeaArea harvested6665556262
Production quantity159157132149149
Yield24,091 Fc24,154 Fc24,000 Fc24,032 Fc24,032 Fc
Tobacco, unmanufacturedArea harvested5,4495,7778,3446,0576,057
Production quantity10,43710,59916,32910,47510,475
Yield19,154 Fc18,347 Fc19,570 Fc17,294 Fc17,294 Fc
TomatoesArea harvested8,47810,0649,93920,29516,575
Production quantity556,692596,279473,772690,515623,165
Yield656,631 Fc592,487 Fc476,680 Fc340,239 Fc375,967 Fc
Treenuts, TotalArea harvested2,026 A2,021 A2,317 A30,798 A11,284 A
Production quantity5,211 A4,529 A5,402 A71,643 A26,483 A
Yield25,721 Fc22,410 Fc23,315 Fc23,262 Fc23,470 Fc
Vegetables PrimaryArea harvested349,208 A340,793 A336,550 A336,224 A316,021 A
Production quantity4,912,590 A4,853,765 A4,524,695 A4,558,891 A4,181,558 A
Yield140,678 Fc142,426 Fc134,443 Fc135,591 Fc132,319 Fc
Vegetables, fresh nesArea harvested16,63711,45210,97818,43614,706
Production quantity282,177171,931125,844300,492238,688
Yield169,608 Fc150,132 Fc114,633 Fc162,992 Fc162,307 Fc
Vegetables, leguminous nesArea harvested5,178 Im4,902 Im4,887 Im4,874 Im4,863 Im
Production quantity5,340 Im5,400 Im5,726 Im6,053 Im6,380 Im
Yield10,313 Fc11,016 Fc11,717 Fc12,419 Fc13,119 Fc
WatermelonsArea harvested13,9809,14310,8467,8887,059
Production quantity248,247159,027190,167136,325129,750
Yield177,573 Fc173,933 Fc175,334 Fc172,826 Fc183,808 Fc
WheatArea harvested2,7333,3882,6168,500 F5,335
Production quantity5,6846,3995,47913,5509,891
Yield20,798 Fc18,887 Fc20,944 Fc15,941 Fc18,540 Fc
YamsArea harvested33,50428,79931,37041,55335,474
Production quantity409,165357,902364,572407,817359,890
Yield122,124 Fc124,276 Fc116,217 Fc98,144 Fc101,452 Fc
Flag
No flag = Official data
* = Unofficial figure
A = Aggregate, may include official, semi-official, estimated or calculated data
F = FAO estimate
Fc = Calculated data
Im = FAO data based on imputation methodology
M = Data not available

Units
Area harvested = ha
Production quantity = tonnes
Yield = hg/ha

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, (2021). FAOSTAT - Food and agriculture data, http://www.fao.org/faostat/. Reproduced with permission.

Land Usage

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Land Use   2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
Agricultural landArea49,492 Q49,499 Q44,723 Fm44,754 Fm44,785 Fm
AgricultureArea49,492 Fc49,499 Fc44,723 Fc44,754 Fc44,785 Fc
Agriculture area under organic agric.Area22 I32 I32 I32 I32 I
Arable landArea6,021 Fc6,019 Fc1,756 Fm1,732 Fm1,707 Fm
Country areaArea114,175 Q114,175 Q114,175 Q114,175 Q114,175 Q
CroplandArea9,892 Q9,892 Q3,726 Fm3,634 Fm3,541 Fm
Cropland area under organic agric.Area22 I31 I
Forest landArea59,540 Q59,740 Q59,959 Q60,135 Q60,269 Fm
Inland watersArea3,225 Fm3,225 Fm3,225 Fm3,225 Fm3,225 Fm
Land areaArea110,950 Q110,950 Q110,950 Q110,950 Q110,950 Q
Land area equipped for irrigationArea1,090 Fm1,090 Fm1,090 Fm1,090 Fm1,090 Fm
Land under perm. meadows and pasturesArea39,600 Fm39,607 Fm40,997 Fm41,120 Fm41,244 Fm
Land under permanent cropsArea3,871 Q3,873 Q1,970 Fm1,902 Fm1,834 Fm
Land under temporary cropsArea4,752 Q4,751 Q1,601 Fm1,613 Fm1,624 Fm
Land with temporary fallowArea1,269 Fm1,268 Fm156 Fm119 Fm83 Fm
Naturally regenerating forestArea59,113 Q59,312 Q59,532 Q59,711 Q59,854 Fm
Other landArea1,918 Fc1,711 Fc6,268 Fc6,061 Fc5,896 Fc
Perm. meadows & pastures area under organic agric.Area1 I1 I
Planted ForestArea427 Q427 Q427 Q424 Q415 Fm
Agriculture area certified organicArea26 I26 I26 I
Cropland area certified organicArea26 I
Perm. meadows & pastures area certified organicArea1 I
Primary ForestArea0 Fm0 Fm0 Fm0 Fm
Agriculture area actually irrigatedArea
Perm. meadows & pastures - CultivatedArea
Perm. meadows & pastures - Nat. growingArea
Flag
Fc = Calculated data
Fm = Manual Estimation
I = Country data reported by International Organizations where the country is a member (Semi-official) - WTO, EU, UNSD, etc.
Q = Official data reported on FAO Questionnaires from countries

Units
Area = 1000 ha

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, (2021). FAOSTAT - Food and agriculture data, http://www.fao.org/faostat/. Reproduced with permission.
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