| | | Cucumis dipsaceus (hedgehog gourd) | Present | | | Xu XueWen et al. (2020) |
| | | yellow head virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Clavibacter michiganensis (bacterial canker of tomato) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2009); Bradbury (1986); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Clavibacter sepedonicus (potato ring rot) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (sugarcane ratoon stunting disease) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Bacteroidetes | Paenibacillus larvae | Present | | | Näumann et al. (2012) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Bacillus anthracis | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris (yellow disease phytoplasmas) | Present, Localized | | | Nakamura et al. (1996); Chen et al. (2009); Yu et al. (2016); Cai et al. (2017); Liu et al. (2018); Luan et al. (2018); Xu et al. (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Candidatus Phytoplasma solani (Stolbur phytoplasma) | Present, Few occurrences | | | Duduk et al. (2010); Quaglino et al. (2013); Yang RuiHuan et al. (2016); Yu et al. (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii (clover proliferation phytoplasma) | Present | | | Zhang Lei et al. (2020); Zhang Lei et al. (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma gallisepticum | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (SC) type | Absent | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Acidovorax citrulli (fruit blotch) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2011); Ren et al. (2006); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella abortus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella melitensis | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella suis | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Burkholderia caryophylli (bacterial wilt of carnation) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Candidatus Hepatobacter penaei | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (citrus greening) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Bové (2006); Deng et al. (2007); Deng et al. (2008); Deng et al. (2008); Deng et al. (2008); Chen et al. (2009); Lou et al. (2012); Lou BingHai et al. (2014); CABI/EPPO (2017); Qian WenJuan et al. (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | citrus huanglongbing (greening) disease (citrus greening) | Present | | | EPPO (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Edwardsiella tarda | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Erwinia amylovora (fireblight) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Escherichia coli | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Pasteurella multocida | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Pseudomonas cichorii (bacterial blight of endive) | Present | | | Sun et al. (1993); Li et al. (2014); Fu et al. (2019); Ruan et al. (2019); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (bacterial canker of kiwifruit) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); Tu Xuan et al. (2011); Ferrante and Scortichini (2015); Yang et al. (2015); Liu Pu et al. (2016); Andersen et al. (2018); Jing et al. (2018); Dai et al. (2019); He Rong et al. (2019); Yin YuJie et al. (2019); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt of potato) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Li et al. (2005); Liu et al. (2011); She et al. (2013); Jiang et al. (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum race 1 (bacterial wilt of solanaceous crops) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); Ran et al. (2005); She XiaoMan et al. (2017); EPPO (2021) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella Abortusequi | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella abortusovis | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella gallinarum | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella pullorum | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Vibrio parahaemolyticus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); Yang YiTing et al. (2014); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (cassava bacterial blight) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (bean blight) | Present | | | Bradbury (1986); Chen HongYu et al. (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas citri (citrus canker) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Huang QingChun et al. (2006); Li et al. (2007); Lan Bui Thi Ngoc et al. (2010); Ye et al. (2013); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas fragariae (angular leaf spot) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Wang et al. (2017) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (bacterial leaf streak of rice) | Present, Localized | | | Ren et al. (1993); Wonni et al. (2014); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas translucens pv. cerealis (bacterial leaf streak of grasses) | Present | | | EPPO (2014) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas translucens pv. translucens (bacterial leaf streak of barley) | Present | | | CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xenohaliotis californiensis | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | | Wetchateng et al. (2010); OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Bacillariophyta | Didymosphenia geminata (didymo) | Present | Native | | Skvortzov (1935); Li et al. (2003) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Aphanomyces astaci | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Aphanomyces invadans | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Peronosclerospora philippinensis (Philippine downy mildew of maize) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Peronosclerospora sorghi (sorghum downy mildew) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Peronospora belbahrii (basil downy mildew) | Present, Localized | | | Hu et al. (2018); Kong et al. (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora cinnamomi (Phytophthora dieback) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Zhou et al. (1992); Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009); Lan et al. (2016); Lan et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora colocasiae (taro leaf blight) | Present, Localized | | | Martin and Tooley (2004); Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora infestans (Phytophthora blight) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); UK, CAB International (1982); Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora vignae (Phytophthora stem rot of cowpea) | Present | | | Hwang and Qi (1984) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Plasmopara angustiterminalis | Present | | | Chen et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Plasmopara halstedii (downy mildew of sunflower) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2014) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Plasmopara viticola (grapevine downy mildew) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1988) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Alternaria gaisen (black spot of Japanese pear) | Present, Localized | | | UK, CAB International (1996); Tian et al. (2020); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Alternaria japonica (pod spot of radish) | Present | | | David (2000); Tai (1979); Zhang (2000); Wang HongKai and Zhang TianYu (2003); Xiao ChangKun et al. (2004); Ren et al. (2012); Sein LaiLaiAung et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Alternaria triticina (leaf blight of wheat) | Present | Introduced | | Zhang (2000); Guo (2005) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Arthrocladiella mougeotii | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Blumeria graminis (powdery mildew of grasses and cereals) | Present | | | Kong LingRang and Dong YuChen (1997); CABI and EPPO (2004); Zhang et al. (2014); Xue et al. (2017); Zou YaFei et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Botryotinia porri (Botrytis rot of garlic) | Present | | | Zhang et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Ceratocystis fimbriata (Ceratocystis blight) | Present, Localized | Native | | Sy (1956); Huang et al. (2003); Xu et al. (2011); Li et al. (2014); Li et al. (2014); Harrington et al. (2015); Seebens et al. (2017); Zhang et al. (2017); Li et al. (2019); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Colletotrichum acutatum (black spot of strawberry) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Dai et al. (2006); CABI and EPPO (2010); Du et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Cryphonectria parasitica (blight of chestnut) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Diaporthe eres (apple leaf, branch and fruit fungus) | Present | | | Fan XinLei et al. (2018); Zhang et al. (2018); Song et al. (2019); Zheng XiangRong et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Diaporthe gulyae (Phomopsis stem canker of sunflower) | Present | | | Manawasinghe et al. (2019); Zhang et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Didymella fabae (leaf and pod spot) | Present | | | Liang (1986); Yu (1947); Tai (1979); Punithalingam (1993); UK, CAB International (1993); Guo (2005) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Diplodia seriata (grapevine trunk disease) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2005); Jiao et al. (2014); Zhang et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Elsinoë australis (citrus scab) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Erysiphe paeoniae | Present | | | Qian et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Erysiphe platani | Present, Localized | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); Zhu and Pei (2017) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Erysiphe sedi | Present | | | Fang et al. (2017); Tang et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Erysiphe vanbruntiana | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Panama disease of banana) | Present | | | Zhang et al. (2011); Huang SuiPing et al. (2013); CABI and EPPO (2015); Li et al. (2015); Mostert et al. (2017); Czislowski et al. (2018); Zheng SiJun et al. (2018); Sun JiaMan et al. (2019); Wu KaiLi et al. (2019); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) | Present | | | Qi (2001); Zhang et al. (2011); Li et al. (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (Fusarium wilt) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Assigbetse et al. (1994); Fernandez et al. (1994); Skovgaard et al. (2001); Abo et al. (2005); Holmes et al. (2009); Guo QingGang et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Guignardia citricarpa (citrus black spot) | Present, Localized | | | Zheng (1983); Baayen et al. (2002); Hu Jia et al. (2010); CABI/EPPO (2012); Wang XingHong et al. (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (ash dieback) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Baral and Bemmann (2014); Drenkhan et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Kabatiella zeae (eyespot) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1993) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Monilinia fructigena (brown rot) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2000); Guo (2005); Zhu XiaoQiong et al. (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella dearnessii (brown spot needle blight) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2010) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella fijiensis (black Sigatoka) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella gibsonii (needle blight of pine) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella pini (Dothistroma blight) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (2010); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Neofusicoccum mangiferae | Present | | | Qiu et al. (2018); Dissanayake et al. (2015); Wan Yu et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Phomopsis vexans (Phomopsis blight of eggplant) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2008); Tai (1979); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Phyllactinia guttata (powdery mildew of hardwood trees) | Present | | | Amano (1986) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Podosphaera spiraeae (Japanese spiraea powdery mildew) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Xing et al. (2014); |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Pseudocercospora angolensis (leaf spot of Citrus spp.) | Absent, Confirmed absent by survey | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Pseudogymnoascus destructans (white-nose syndrome fungus) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Raffaelea lauricola (laurel wilt) | Present | Native | | Hulcr and Lou (2013) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Sphaeropsis sapinea (Sphaeropsis blight) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Trichoconiella padwickii (stackburn disease) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1984); Hanson (1963); Tai (1979) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Amylostereum areolatum | Present | | | Li DaPeng et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Austropuccinia psidii (myrtle rust) | Present | Introduced | | CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Chrysomyxa rhododendri (European Rhododendron rust) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Cronartium ribicola (white pine blister rust) | Present, Localized | | | Tai (1979); UK, CAB International (1983); Song (1988); Guo (1989); Cheng et al. (1998); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022); Herb IMI (undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Gymnosporangium yamadae (Japanese apple rust) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato (Heterobasidion root rot) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Heterobasidion insulare | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Heterobasidion parviporum | Present | | | Dai et al. (2006); Dai and Korhonen (2003) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Inonotus rickii | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Cui et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Melampsoridium hiratsukanum (alder rust) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Phakopsora euvitis (grape rust fungus) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Cummins and Ling (1950); Tai (1979); Ono (2000); CABI and EPPO (2007) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Phakopsora pachyrhizi (soyabean rust) | Present, Localized | | | Cummins and Ling (1950); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Phellinus noxius (brown tea root disease) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1997); Wang et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia buxi | Present | | | Zhuang (2003); Zhang et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia graminis (stem rust of cereals) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Han et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia horiana (white rust of chrysanthemum) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Cao ZhiMin et al. (2000); CABI and EPPO (2008); Demers et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia kuehnii (orange rust) | Present | | | Ryan and Egan (1989); Magarey (2000); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Pucciniastrum coryli | Present | | | Spaulding (1961) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Sporisorium sacchari (Asian sugarcane smut) | Present | Native | | Ling (1953); Tai (1979); Guo (2002); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Urocystis agropyri (flag smut of wheat) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); UK, CAB International (1991) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Chytridiomycota | Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) | Present | | | Bai ChangMing et al. (2012); OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Chytridiomycota | Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Chytridiomycota | Synchytrium endobioticum (wart disease of potato) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Bi ChaoWei and Hu QiuLing (2005); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Annelida | Lumbricus rubellus | Present | Introduced | | Gates (1972) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Adelges tsugae (hemlock woolly adelgid) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Adoretus sinicus (Chinese rose beetle) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1981); Zhang YanZhuo et al. (2008); Xu et al. (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Agrilus planipennis (emerald ash borer) | Present, Localized | Native | | Wei Xia et al. (2004); Haack et al. (2002); Liu et al. (2003); Yang ZhongQi et al. (2005); CABI and EPPO (2006); Liu et al. (2007); Wei Xia et al. (2007); Wang XiaoYi et al. (2010); Bray et al. (2011); Yang ZhongQi et al. (2012); Herms and McCullough (2014); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated); |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Agrotis ipsilon (black cutworm) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1969); Chiang (1977); APPPC (1987) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurocanthus woglumi (citrus blackfly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurodicus dispersus (whitefly) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Zheng et al. (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Amphibalanus improvisus (bay barnacle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Ren and Liu (1978); Huang (1994); Liu and Xiangui (2007); Liu (2008); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anoplolepis gracilipes (yellow crazy ant) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anoplophora chinensis (black and white citrus longhorn) | Present, Widespread | Native | | APPPC (1987); Lingafelter and Hoebeke (2002); CABI and EPPO (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anoplophora glabripennis (Asian longhorned beetle) | Present | Native | | Pan HongYang (2005); Hajek et al. (2006); Carter et al. (2009); CABI and EPPO (2014); Feng YuQian et al. (2014); Cao et al. (2019); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidiella aurantii (red scale) | Present | | | Rose (1990); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidiella orientalis (oriental yellow scale) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidomytilus albus (tapioca scale) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis craccivora (groundnut aphid) | Present | | | APPPC (1987); Kumari et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid) | Present | | | APPPC (1987); Xia et al. (1999); Liu XiangDong et al. (2005); Ma XiaoMu et al. (2006); Wang KaiYun et al. (2007); Shi XiaoBin et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid) | Present | Native | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1969) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Apis cerana | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Apis mellifera | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aproceros leucopoda (elm zigzag sawfly) | Present, Localized | Native | | Yu et al. (2011); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Archips xylosteanus (apple, leafroller) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated); Liu and Pai K.-W. (1974); Park et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Argyrotaenia ljungiana | Present | | | Byun BongKyu et al. (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aromia bungii (red necked longicorn) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Liu QiZhi et al. (1998); Hua (2002); Hua et al. (2009); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Artemia (brine shrimp) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aspidiotus destructor (coconut scale) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aulacaspis yasumatsui (cycad aulacaspis scale) | Present, Localized | Native | | CABI and EPPO (2000); Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); Muniappan et al. (2012); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Autographa gamma (silver-Y moth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera correcta (guava fruit fly) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (2003); Liu et al. (2011); Jiang et al. (2013); Liu XiaoFei et al. (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera cucurbitae (melon fly) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (2003); Virgilio et al. (2010); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera dorsalis (Oriental fruit fly) | Present, Widespread | | Invasive | Han Peng et al. (2011); Wan XuanWu et al. (2011); Shi Wei et al. (2012); Wan XuanWu et al. (2012); CABI/EPPO (2013); Aketarawong et al. (2014); Bo et al. (2014); Wang et al. (2014); Wu ZhongZhen et al. (2014); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera latifrons (Solanum fruit fly) | Present | | | Clausen et al. (1965); Lin MingGuang et al. (2006); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera minax (Chinese citrus fly) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera tau | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Liang et al. (1993); Yang et al. (1994); Wang (1996); Agarwal and Sueyoshi (2005); Li XiaoZhen et al. (2009); Zhang GuoNa et al. (2012); Drew and Romig (2013); Li Li et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Balanus amphitrite (striped barnacle) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly) | Present, Localized | | | CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); Zhang et al. (2005); Chu Dong et al. (2006); Wu et al. (2006); Liu et al. (2008); Gu et al. (2011); Li ShaoJian et al. (2011); Ji et al. (2012); Zhang and Wu (2013); Zhao et al. (2013); Li et al. (2014); Wang JiRui et al. (2014); Hu Jian et al. (2015); Zhou et al. (2015); Sun et al. (2016); Zhou et al. (2016); Seebens et al. (2017); Wang et al. (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (MEAM1) (silverleaf whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Zhang et al. (2005); Chu Dong et al. (2006); Chu et al. (2007); Hsieh ChiaHung et al. (2007); Lin KeJian et al. (2008); Shatters et al. (2009); Ahmed et al. (2010); Liu et al. (2010); Teng Xi et al. (2010); Rao et al. (2011); Chu Dong et al. (2012); Li RuMei et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (MED) (silverleaf whitefly) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Zhang et al. (2005); Chu Dong et al. (2006); Chu et al. (2007); Hsieh ChiaHung et al. (2007); Ma DeYing et al. (2007); Ahmed et al. (2009); Rao et al. (2011); Chu Dong et al. (2012); Li RuMei et al. (2013); Jahan et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Blattella germanica (German cockroach) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Woo and Guo (1984) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Boophilus microplus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Brachyponera chinensis (Asian needle ant) | Present | Native | | Guénard et al. (2018); Brown (1958); Nelder et al. (2006); Mackay and Mackay (2010); Miner (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Brevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Brontispa longissima (coconut hispine beetle) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (1998); Seebens et al. (2017); Chen ZhiMing et al. (2020); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Calacarus carinatus (purple tea mite) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Callidiellum rufipenne (Japanese cedar longhorn beetle) | Present | Native | | Gressitt (1951); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Callosobruchus chinensis (Chinese bruchid) | Present | | | Ding JianQing and Fu WeiDong (2000); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Callosobruchus maculatus (cowpea weevil) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cephalcia alashanica | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cephalcia erythrogaster | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cerataphis lataniae (palm aphid) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Charybdis hellerii | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Charybdis japonica (lady crab) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Wee and Ng (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cherax cainii (smooth marron) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Lawrence and Jones (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cherax destructor (yabby) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Ackefors (2000) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cherax quadricarinatus (redclaw crayfish) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Ackefors (2000); FAO-DIAS (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chilades pandava | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chilo suppressalis (striped rice stem borer) | Present, Widespread | Native | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1977); He YuePing et al. (2007); He YuePing et al. (2007); Chen XiaoJuan et al. (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chonocephalus depressus | Present | | | Li ZiLing et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus aonidum (circular scale) | Present, Widespread | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1969) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomya bezziana (Old World screw-worm) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Coccidohystrix insolita (eggplant mealybug) | Present | | | Veilleux et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Coccinella septempunctata (seven-spot ladybird) | Present | | | Pan ShiQing et al. (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm) | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Coleophora deauratella (red clover casebearer) | Present | | | Baldizzone and Savenkov (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Conopomorpha cramerella (cocoa pod borer) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Coptotermes (termites) | Present | | | Li (1991); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Coptotermes formosanus (Formosan subterranean termite) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Coptotermes gestroi (Asian subterranean termite) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Xia and He (1986); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Corythucha ciliata (sycamore lace bug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Corythucha marmorata (chrysanthemum lace bug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cryptotermes brevis (powderpost termite) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Culex quinquefasciatus (southern house mosquito) | Present, Widespread | | | Cui et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cydalima perspectalis (box tree moth) | Present | Native | | Walker (1859); Inoue (1982); She DeSong and Feng FuJuan (2006); Zhang YanZhuo et al. (2008); Yang et al. (2011); CABI/EPPO (2012); Hİzal et al. (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cylas formicarius (sweet potato weevil) | Present, Widespread | | | UK, CAB International (1970); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dendroctonus micans (great spruce bark beetle) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Furniss (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dendroctonus pseudotsugae (Douglas-fir beetle) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dendroctonus valens (red turpentine beetle) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Britton and Sun JiangHua (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dendrolimus pini (pine-tree lappet) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dendrolimus punctatus (Masson pine caterpillar) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001); Qian (1987); Chu (1988); Li et al. (1994); Zheng BaoYou and Zheng Yu (1996); Liang ChengJie et al. (1998); Sheng JinKun and Yu YunXiang (1998); Han BaoYu et al. (1999); Liang ChengJie et al. (1999); Wen XiaoSui et al. (2001); Tang and Tian YingChuan (2003); Zhang AiBing et al. (2003); Zhao ChengHua et al. (2004); Huang Lili et al. (2005); Wang JunPing et al. (2005); Zhang Zhen et al. (2005); Peng LongHui et al. (2006); Xu YanXi et al. (2006); Zhang Yong'an et al. (2007); Huang LiLi et al. (2008); Wang XiaoLei et al. (2009); Fang LiYing and Chen ShangWen (2010); Liu YouLian (2010); Qi XingLan et al. (2010); Zhou Yin et al. (2014); Qin Jie et al. (2015); Bin Wang et al. (2017); Luo Dan et al. (2018); Li Jing et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dendrolimus superans sibiricus (Siberian silk moth) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dermestes olivieri | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dialeurodes citri (citrus whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diaphorina citri (Asian citrus psyllid) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dinoderus minutus (bamboo borer) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diprion similis (white pine sawfly) | Present | Native | | Xiao et al. (1983); Zhang Zhen and Zhou ShuZhi (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diuraphis noxia (Russian wheat aphid) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Drosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila) | Present | Native | | Peng (1937); CABI and EPPO (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Oriental chestnut gall wasp) | Present, Widespread | | | Bernardo et al. (2013); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); He YanBiao et al. (2012); He YanBiao et al. (2013); Palma-Jiménez and Blanco-Meneses (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (grey pineapple mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); He YanBiao et al. (2014); |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Echinothrips americanus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ephestia kuehniella (Mediterranean flour moth) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Eriocheir hepuensis (Hepu mitten crab) | Present | Native | | Naser et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Eriocheir sinensis (Chinese mitten crab) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Erionota thrax (banana skipper) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Erionota torus (banana skipper) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Eriosoma lanigerum (woolly aphid) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Erthesina fullo (yellow-spotted stink bug) | Present | | | Gao CuiQing et al. (2019); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Eulecanium excrescens | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Eupoecilia ambiguella (grapevine moth) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Euwallacea destruens | Present | Native | | Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Euwallacea fornicatus (polyphagous shot-hole borer) | Present | Native | | Seebens et al. (2017); Stouthamer et al. (2017); Gomez et al. (2018); Smith et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Euwallacea perbrevis (tea shot-hole borer) | Present | Native | | Wood and Bright (1992); CABI and EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Exomala orientalis (oriental beetle) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ferrisia virgata (striped mealybug) | Present | | | Kaydan and Gullan (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Frankliniella cephalica | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Tong XiaoLi and Lv YaoBin (2013); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Zhang et al. (2003); Reitz et al. (2011); Duan HuiSheng et al. (2013); Seebens et al. (2017); Wan et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Galleria mellonella (greater waxmoth) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Gonipterus scutellatus (eucalyptus snout beetle) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Grapholita molesta (Oriental fruit moth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Kirk et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Greenidea ficicola | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Gynaikothrips ficorum (Cuban laurel thrips) | Present | | | Jacot-Guillarmod and Brothers (1986); Han (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Haemaphysalis longicornis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Halyomorpha halys (brown marmorated stink bug) | Present, Widespread | Native | | CABI and EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Harmonia axyridis (harlequin ladybird) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Koch (2003); CABI and EPPO (2007); Tayeh et al. (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) | Present, Localized | | | UK, CAB International (1993); Wu KongMing et al. (1999); Tang Feng et al. (2000); Wu KongMing et al. (2002); Deng JianYu et al. (2004); Wan et al. (2005); Chen Jia et al. (2011); Ma et al. (2012); Yang YiHua et al. (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (black tea thrips) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1961); Zhang and Tong (1993) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hemiberlesia lataniae (latania scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hemiberlesia pitysophila (pine needle hemiberlesian scale) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2003); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hemigrapsus sanguineus (Asian shore crab) | Present | Native | | Sakai (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hemigrapsus takanoi (brush-clawed shore crab) | Present | Native | | CABI Data Mining (undated); Sakai (1976); Asakura and Watanabe (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Heteropsylla cubana (leucaena psyllid) | Present, Localized | | | FAO (1994); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hylastes ater (black pine bark beetle) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hylobitelus xiaoi | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hylobius abietis (large pine weevil) | Present | | | Liu et al. (1989); CABI and EPPO (2003); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hylurgops palliatus (lesser spruce shoot beetle) | Present | Native | | Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hylurgus ligniperda (red-haired pine bark beetle) | Present | Native | | Wood and Bright (1992); CABI and EPPO (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hyphantria cunea (mulberry moth) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Yang ZhongQi et al. (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hypogeococcus pungens (cactus mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hypothenemus hampei (coffee berry borer) | Present | | | Sun et al. (2020); Sun ShiWei et al. (2020); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Idioscopus clypealis (mango leafhopper) | Present, Localized | | | Viraktamath (1989) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Idioscopus nitidulus (mango leafhopper) | Present, Localized | | | Viraktamath (1989) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Insignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia) | Present | | | Ben-Dov et al. (1998) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ips cembrae (large larch bark beetle) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ips duplicatus (double-spined bark beetle) | Present | | | Zhang QingHe et al. (2001); Chen GuoFa et al. (2010); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ips grandicollis (five-spined bark beetle) | Present, Few occurrences | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ips hauseri (Kyrgyz mountain engraver) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ips subelongatus (larch bark beetle) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Yu et al. (1984); Yu and Zhang (1988); Liu et al. (1989); Liu et al. (1990); Gao ChangQi et al. (2000); Zhang QingHe et al. (2002); Yang et al. (2003); Zhang QingHe et al. (2007); CABI and EPPO (2008); Yuan Fei et al. (2008); Paciura et al. (2010); Song LiWen et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ips typographus (eight-toothed bark beetle) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Leguminivora glycinivorella (soyabean pod borer) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado potato beetle) | Present, Localized | | | UK, CAB International (1962); Liu Ning et al. (2012); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lernaea cyprinacea | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Leucoptera malifoliella (pear leaf blister moth) | Present, Localized | Native | Invasive | APPPC (1987); CERIS (2004); Wu YuPeng et al. (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lilioceris lilii (lily leaf beetle) | Present | Native | | Lu and Casagrande (1998); Yu PeiYu et al. (2001); CABI and EPPO (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Limnoria lignorum (gribble) | Present | | | Wei (1991); Huang et al. (1993); Huang (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liposcelis divinatorius | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza huidobrensis (serpentine leafminer) | Present, Localized | | | Wei JiaNing et al. (2000); CABI and EPPO (2002); He LiPing et al. (2002); Seebens et al. (2017); Zhang et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza trifolii (American serpentine leafminer) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (1997); Zhang et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus (rice water weevil) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Nagata (1990); CABI/EPPO (2011); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Litopenaeus vannamei (whiteleg shrimp) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lobesia botrana (European grapevine moth) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Luperomorpha xanthodera | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lycorma delicatula (spotted lanternfly) | Present, Widespread | | | EPPO (2022); Kim HyoJoong et al. (2013); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lymantria dispar (gypsy moth) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Schaefer et al. (1984); Pogue and Schaefer (2007); Bi HuiQuan et al. (2008); Keena et al. (2008); Duan et al. (2011); Duan et al. (2012); Harrison et al. (2014); Wu et al. (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lymantria mathura (pink gypsy moth) | Present, Widespread | Native | Invasive | Odell et al. (1992); Mohn (2001); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lymantria monacha (nun moth) | Present | Native | Invasive | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lymantria xylina | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated); Li et al. (1981) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Maconellicoccus hirsutus (pink hibiscus mealybug) | Present, Localized | Native | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Macrobrachium rosenbergii (giant freshwater prawn) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Yixiong and Suzhi (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Macrosiphum euphorbiae (potato aphid) | Present | Introduced | | UK, CAB International (1984); Tao (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Maliarpha separatella (African white rice borer) | Present | | | Martin (1958) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Matsucoccus matsumurae | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Meligethes aeneus (rape beetle) | Present, Widespread | | | He ChunGui (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Monochamus alternatus (Japanese pine sawyer) | Present | Native | | Wang (1983); Teale et al. (2011); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Monochamus saltuarius (Japanese pine sawyer) | Present, Localized | | | Xiao (1991); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Monochamus sutor (small white-marmorated longicorn) | Present, Localized | Native | Invasive | Zhang et al. (1993); CABI and EPPO (2009); Wang YiPing et al. (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Monochamus urussovii (white mottled sawyer) | Present, Localized | | | Liu et al. (1989); Wang ZhiMing et al. (2007); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Monomorium destructor (Singapore ant) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Monomorium pharaonis (pharaoh ant) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Mononychellus tanajoa (cassava green mite) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | Lu FuPing et al. (2014); Lu Hui et al. (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Mythimna unipuncta (rice armyworm) | Present | Introduced | | Fang WeiTao et al. (1993) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) | Present | | | APPPC (1987); Liu ShuSheng and Meng XueDuo (1999); Zhang Xiao et al. (2015); Zhu et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nesticella mogera (cave-dwelling spider) | Present | | | Kielhorn (2009); Spinnen Forum (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nezara viridula (green stink bug) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1970) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nipaecoccus nipae (spiked mealybug) | Present | | | Ben-Dov (1994); CABI and EPPO (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nipaecoccus viridis (spherical mealybug) | Present | | | Ben-Dov (1994); CABI and EPPO (2005); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Obolodiplosis robiniae (black locust gall midge) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Opogona sacchari (banana moth) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | Invasive | Cheng and Yang (1997); Yang ChiKun and Cheng GuiFang (1997); CABI and EPPO (1999); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Oracella acuta (loblolly pine mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Orthotomicus erosus (Mediterranean pine beetle) | Present | Native | | Wood and Bright (1992); Bright and Skidmore (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Oryctes rhinoceros (coconut rhinoceros beetle) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Oryzaephilus surinamensis (saw toothed grain beetle) | Present | | | Champ and Dyte (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ostrinia nubilalis (European maize borer) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (cotton, seed bug) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Palaemon macrodactylus (oriental shrimp) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Papilio demoleus (chequered swallowtail) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paracoccus marginatus (papaya mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Ahmed et al. (2015); Wu FuZhong et al. (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paraergasilus longidigitus | Present | Native | | Fuentes et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paraleyrodes minei | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paranthrene tabaniformis (poplar clearwing moth) | Present, Widespread | | | Du et al. (1984); Du et al. (1985); Miao et al. (1985) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paratrechina longicornis (crazy ant) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Parthenolecanium persicae (peach scale) | Present | | | Tang (1977); Wang (1980); Yang (1982); Tang (1991); Cui ShiYing et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pealius mori (mulberry whitefly) | Present | | | Wang JiRui et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Penaeus monodon (giant tiger prawn) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phenacoccus manihoti (cassava mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phenacoccus solenopsis (cotton mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Muniappan (2009); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phloeomyzus passerinii (poplar woolly aphid) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea absoluta (tomato leafminer) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Zhang et al. (2020); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phyllocnistis citrella (citrus leaf miner) | Present, Localized | | | UK, CAB International (1986); Rae et al. (1996); Zhu and Huang (2002); Zhang YanZhou et al. (2007); Gao JunYan et al. (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pieris brassicae (large cabbage white) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pieris rapae (cabbage white butterfly) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1952) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pineus pini (pine woolly aphid) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pityogenes chalcographus (sixtoothed spruce bark beetls) | Present | Native | | Fang et al. (1988); Zhou (2012); CABI (Undated); |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Planococcus citri (citrus mealybug) | Present | | | Tang et al. (1992); CABI and EPPO (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) | Present, Widespread | | | UK, CAB International (1967); Wei ShuJun et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Polistes chinensis antennalis (Asian paper wasp) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Polyphagotarsonemus latus (broad mite) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Popillia japonica (Japanese beetle) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | Ping (1988); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pristiphora laricis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Procambarus clarkii (red swamp crayfish) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Prociphilus fraxinifolii | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Prostephanus truncatus (larger grain borer) | Absent, Intercepted only | | | UK, CAB International (1995); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudaonidia duplex (camphor, scale) | Present | | | Ben-Dov et al. (2014); APPPC (1987) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (mulberry scale) | Present, Widespread | | | Borchsenius (1966); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudococcus viburni (obscure mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Gimpel and Miller (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudodiaptomus marinus | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ptilineurus marmoratus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pyrrhalta luteola (elm leaf beetle) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Quadrastichus erythrinae (Erythrina gall wasp) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); CABI and EPPO (2009); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rastrococcus invadens (fruit tree mealybug) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhinoncus pericarpius | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (red palm weevil) | Present, Localized | | | Li YueZhong et al. (2009); CABI and EPPO (2016); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhyzopertha dominica (lesser grain borer) | Present | | | Dunkel et al. (1982); Li DanDan et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Saissetia oleae (olive scale) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Saperda populnea (small poplar borer) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Schizotetranychus bambusae | Present | | | Zhang YanXuan et al. (2001); Zhang ZhiQiang et al. (2000) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Scirtothrips dorsalis (chilli thrips) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Li JinMing et al. (2004); Zhang et al. (2004); CABI and EPPO (2010); Chen YongSen et al. (2010); Ke ShengBing et al. (2011); Mirab-Balou et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Scolytus morawitzi (scolytid of Morawitz) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Scolytus schevyrewi (banded elm bark beetle) | Present, Localized | Native | Invasive | Wood and Bright (1992); Bright and Skidmore (2002); Houping and Haack (2003); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sepedon aenescens (snail-killing fly) | Present | | | Yano (1978) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sesamia cretica (greater sugarcane borer) | Present, Localized | Native | | UK, CAB International (1968); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Siphoninus phillyreae (ash whitefly) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sirex noctilio (woodwasp) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sitobion miscanthi (indian grain aphid) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sitophilus granarius (grain weevil) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sitophilus oryzae (lesser grain weevil) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI Data Mining (2001); Li DanDan et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sitophilus zeamais (greater grain weevil) | Present | | | Champ and Dyte (1976); Li DanDan et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sitotroga cerealella (grain moth) | Present, Widespread | | | Champ and Dyte (1977); Dunkel et al. (1985); Zhu (1987); Li DanDan et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Solenopsis geminata (tropical fire ant) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); ISSG (2009); Gotzek et al. (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Solenopsis invicta (red imported fire ant) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | IPPC (2008); CABI and EPPO (2010); ISSG (2014); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sophonia orientalis (two-spotted leafhopper) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sphaeroma walkeri | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) | Present | | | FAO (2019); FAO (2019); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera littoralis (cotton leafworm) | Present | | | Chen BoSheng et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera litura (taro caterpillar) | Present, Localized | | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1993); Cui et al. (1999); Huang ShuiJin and Han ZhaoJun (2007); Wan Peng et al. (2008); Chen et al. (2009); Yang Song et al. (2009); Tu YeGou et al. (2010); Xue Ming et al. (2010); Su JianYa et al. (2012); Yang MingWen et al. (2012); Xin et al. (2014); Zhang JinMing et al. (2014); Fu XiaoWei et al. (2015); Wu ChengXu et al. (2015); Sang Song et al. (2016); Zhang Li et al. (2017); Wang XueGui et al. (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sternochetus mangiferae (mango seed weevil) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Bing (1989); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Takecallis taiwanus | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tapinoma melanocephalum (ghost ant) | Present | Introduced | | Wetterer (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); International Institute of Entomology (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tetropium castaneum (black spruce beetle) | Present, Widespread | Native | | APHIS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Thecodiplosis japonensis (pine needle gall midge) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2004); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Thrips palmi (melon thrips) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Dong JiaHong et al. (2008); Akella et al. (2014); Yin YueYan et al. (2014); Sun et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tomicus piniperda (common pine shoot beetle) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Toxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tremex fuscicornis (Tremex wasp) | Present | Native | | Smith (1978); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trialeurodes ricini (castor bean whitefly) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trialeurodes vaporariorum (whitefly, greenhouse) | Present, Widespread | | | Zhu and Ju (1990); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trirachys holosericeus (apple stem borer) | Present | Native | | CABI (2020) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trirachys sartus (city longhorn beetle) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trisetacus juniperinus (juniper gall mite) | Present | Native | Invasive | Dia (1988) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tropilaelaps | Present | | | Luo QiHua et al. (2011); Schotman (1989) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tropilaelaps clareae | Present | | | Schotman (1989) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Unaspis citri (citrus snow scale) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Varroa destructor (Varroa mite) | Present | | | Zhou Ting et al. (2004); Tzien-He (1965) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Varroa jacobsoni (Varroa mite) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Vespa velutina (Asian hornet) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Tan et al. (2007); Archer (2012); Yañez et al. (2012); Arca et al. (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Vespula germanica (German wasp) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Vespula vulgaris (wasp, common) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborinus saxesenii (fruit-tree pinhole borer) | Present | Native | | Yin et al. (1984); Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus dispar (pear blight beetle) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus glabratus (redbay ambrosia beetle) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus perforans (island pinhole borer) | Present | Native | | Wood and Bright (1992); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus similis | Present | Native | | Wood and Bright (1992); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus ater | Present | | | Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus compactus (shot-hole borer) | Present | Native | | CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Asian ambrosia beetle) | Present | Native | | Wood and Bright (1992); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus discolor | Present | Native | | Yin et al. (1984); Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus germanus (black timber bark beetle) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus morigerus (brown twig beetle) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus mutilatus (camphor shoot beetle) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Coyle (2006); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Zeiraphera diniana (douglas fir cone moth (Japan)) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Bryozoa | Bugula neritina (brown bryozoan) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Bryozoa | Schizoporella errata (branching bryozoan) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Bryozoa | Schizoporella japonica (orange ripple bryozoan) | Present | | | Liu et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Abbottina rivularis (Chinese false gudgeon) | Present | Native | | BERG (1949); Bănărescu (1991); Nie et al. (2000) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Acanthogobius flavimanus | Present | Native | | Eschmeyer et al. (1983) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Acentrogobius pflaumii | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Acipenser schrenckii (amur sturgeon) | Present | Native | | Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Acridotheres tristis (common myna) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Alopochen aegyptiaca (Egyptian goose) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | BirdLife International (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ameiurus nebulosus (brown bullhead) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Welcomme (1988); Tan and Tong (1989) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Amphiprion | Present | Native | | Froese and Pauly (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Anolis sagrei (brown anole) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Anser indicus (bar-headed goose) | Present | Native | | BirdLife International (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Aristichthys nobilis (bighead carp) | Present | Native | | Jennings (1988); NACA (1989); Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Aspius aspius (asp) | Present | Introduced | | Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Astronotus ocellatus (oscar) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Ma et al. (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Bos taurus (cattle) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Botrylloides perspicuus | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Branta canadensis (Canada goose) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Bubalus bubalis (Asian water buffalo) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Native | | Cockrill (1977); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Callosciurus erythraeus (Pallas's squirrel) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Capra hircus (goats) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Carassius auratus auratus (goldfish) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Carassius cuvieri (Japanese crucian carp) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Tan and Tong (1989); Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Carassius gibelio (Prussian carp) | Present | Native | | Froese and Pauly (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cervus canadensis (wapiti) | Present, Localized | Native | | IUCN (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cervus nippon (sika) | Present, Localized | Native | | McCullough et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cettia diphone (Japanese bush-warbler) | Present | Native | | Clement and Juana (2013); Clements et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Channa argus argus (northern snakehead) | Present | Native | | Courtenay and Williams (2004); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Channa marulius (bullseye snakehead) | Present | Native | | Courtenay and Williams (2004); Froese R and Pauly D (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Clarias batrachus (walking catfish) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Clarias gariepinus | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Welcomme (1988); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Columba livia (pigeons) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Corvus splendens (house crow) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ctenopharyngodon idella (grass carp) | Present | Native | | Shireman and Smith (1983); FAO (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cyprinus carpio (common carp) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Alikhuni (1966); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Dicrurus macrocercus | Present, Widespread | Native | | MacKinnon and Phillipps (2006) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Asian common toad) | Present | Native | | Dijk et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Eleutherodactylus planirostris (greenhouse frog) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Equus asinus (donkeys) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Equus ferus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Erinaceus europaeus (European hedgehog) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Esox lucius (pike) | Present | Native | | Froese and Pauly (2004); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Gambusia affinis (western mosquitofish) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Welcomme (1988); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Gambusia holbrooki (eastern mosquitofish) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Fowler (1970); Froese and Pauly (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Garrulax canorus (Chinese hwamei) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Clements et al. (2014); Avibase (2015); BirdLife International (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Gymnocephalus cernuus (ruffe) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Hemibarbus maculatus (spotted steed) | Present | Native | | Welcomme (1988); Yu LiZhong et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Hemiculter leucisculus (common sawbelly) | Present, Widespread | Native | | BERG (1949); Bănărescu (1991); Nie et al. (2000) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Hemidactylus frenatus (common house gecko) | Present, Widespread | Native | | The Reptile Database (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Hypomesus nipponensis (wakasagi) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp) | Present | Native | | Froese and Pauly (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Hypostomus plecostomus (suckermouth catfish) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Ma et al. (2003); Froese R and Pauly D (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ictalurus furcatus (blue catfish) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Ma et al. (2003); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ictalurus punctatus (channel catfish) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | | Ma et al. (2003); Froese and Pauly (2004); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Leiothrix lutea (red-billed leiothrix) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lepomis cyanellus (green sunfish) | Present | Introduced | | Ma et al. (2003); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lepomis macrochirus (bluegill) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lutjanus kasmira (blueline snapper) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Allen (1985) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Macaca fascicularis (crab-eating macaque) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Macaca mulatta (rhesus macaque) | Present | Native | | Timmins et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Macrochelys temminckii (alligator snapping turtle) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass) | Present | Introduced | | Welcomme (1988); Ma et al. (2003); Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (oriental weatherloach) | Present | Native | | Froese and Pauly (2004); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Monopterus albus (Asian swamp eel) | Present | Native | | Fishbase (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Muntiacus reevesi (Reeves' muntjac) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Sheng (1991); Zhang (1997); Pang et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Mylopharyngodon piceus (black amur) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Myocastor coypus (coypu) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Nyctereutes procyonoides (raccoon dog) | Present | Native | | Ward and Wurster-Hill (1990) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Xie Yan et al. (2001); Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (chinook salmon) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ondatra zibethicus (muskrat) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Long (2003); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis aureus (blue tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Pullin et al. (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004); Seebens et al. (2017); |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); FAO (1997); Pullin et al. (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbits) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ovis aries (sheep) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Pavo cristatus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Perca flavescens (yellow perch) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Perca fluviatilis (perch) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Fishbase (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Perccottus glenii (Amur sleeper) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Bogutskaya and Naseka (2002); Miller and Vasil'eva (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Phasianus colchicus (common pheasant) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Qu et al. (2009); Switzer (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Phoxinus phoxinus (European minnow) | Present | Native | | Froese and Pauly (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Piaractus brachypomus (pirapitinga) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Poecilia reticulata (guppy) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Pomoxis nigromaculatus (black crappie) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | Welcomme (1988); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Pseudorasbora parva (topmouth gudgeon) | Present | Native | Invasive | Bogutskaya and Naseka (1996); Baruš (1995); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Psittacula eupatria (Alexandrine parakeet) | Present, Few occurrences, Confirmed present by survey | Introduced | | Ancillotto et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Psittacula krameri (rose-ringed parakeet) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Pterois volitans (lionfish) | Present | Native | | Froese and Pauly (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Pycnonotus jocosus (Red-whiskered bulbul) | Present, Localized | Native | | BirdLife International (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Python bivittatus (Burmese python) | Present, Localized | Native | | Lin (1983); Liu (1986); Zhao and Adler (1993); Zhong (1993); Ji and Wen (2002); Reed and Rodda (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rachycentron canadum (cobia) | Present | Native | | Huang ChengTing et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rana catesbeiana (American bullfrog) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Fei et al. (1999); DIAS (2004); Kraus (2009); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rattus exulans (Pacific rat) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rattus norvegicus (brown rat) | Present | Native | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rattus tanezumi (Asian house rat) | Present | Native | | Aplin et al. (2011); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rhodeus ocellatus ocellatus (rosy bitterling) | Present | Introduced | | BERG (1949); Welcomme (1988); Kawamura et al. (2001); Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rutilus rutilus (roach) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated); Froese and Pauly (2004); Kottelat and Freyhof (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Salmo salar (Atlantic salmon) | Present | Introduced | | FAO (2019); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Salmo trutta (sea trout) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Salvelinus fontinalis (brook trout) | Present | Introduced | | Froese and Pauly (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Sander lucioperca (pike-perch) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Froese and Pauly (2004); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Sander vitreus (walleye) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Sarotherodon galilaeus (mango tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Schilbe mystus (African butter catfish) | Present | Introduced | | FAO (1997); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Sciaenops ocellatus (red drum) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Silurus asotus (Amur catfish) | Present | Native | | Froese and Pauly (2004); Wu (1982); Kobayakawa (1989) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Silurus glanis (wels catfish) | Present | Introduced | | Froese R and Pauly D (2012); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Streptopelia decaocto (Eurasian collared-dove) | Present | Native | | BirdLife International (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Styela clava (Asian tunicate) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Styela plicata (pleated sea squirt) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Suncus murinus (Asian house shrew) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Sus scrofa [ISC] (feral pig) | Present | Native | | IUCN (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tamias sibiricus (Siberian chipmunk) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tilapia zillii (redbelly tilapia) | Absent, Formerly present | | | Welcomme (1988); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tinca tinca (tench) | Present | Native | | FishBase (2004); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Trachemys scripta elegans (red-eared slider) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Trichopodus trichopterus (three spot gourami) | Present | Native | | Hwang et al. (1988); Ma et al. (2003); Froese R and Pauly D (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tyto alba (Barn owl) | Present | Native | | Bruce (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Xiphophorus hellerii | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Cnidaria | Cordylophora (euryhaline hydroid) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Cnidaria | Tubastraea coccinea (orange-cup coral) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Echinodermata | Asterias amurensis (northern Pacific seastar) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Achatina fulica (giant African land snail) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Jarrett (1931); Schotman (1989); Lv Shan et al. (2009); Seebens et al. (2017); Huang DaNa et al. (2019); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Ampullaria gigas (Amazonian Snail) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Arcuatula senhousia (Asian date mussel) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Allen and Williams (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Corbicula fluminea (Asian clam) | Present | Native | Invasive | Aguirre and Poss (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Corbula amurensis (Amur River clam) | Present | Native | | Schrenck (1861) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Cornu aspersum (common garden snail) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Crassostrea virginica (eastern oyster) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Deroceras laeve (meadow slug) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Wiktor et al. (2000) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Euglandina rosea (rosy predator snail) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Limax maximus (leopard slug) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Limnoperna fortunei (golden mussel) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Oliveira et al. (2006) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Magallana gigas (Pacific oyster) | Present | Native | | Qi (1989); Wang et al. (1993); Yu ZiNiu et al. (2003); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Melanoides tuberculata (red-rimmed melania) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Mytilopsis sallei (Caribbean false mussel) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Zheng et al. (2010); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Mytilus galloprovincialis (Mediterranean mussel) | Present | | | McDonald et al. (1990) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Perna viridis (Asian green mussel) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Pinctada imbricata radiata (rayed pearl oyster) | Present | Native | | Hwang et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Pomacea canaliculata (golden apple snail) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Halwart (1994); Halwart and Bartley (2006); Wu and Xie (2006); Yin YouPing et al. (2006); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Pomacea insularum (island applesnail) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Rapana venosa (veined rapana whelk) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Ruditapes philippinarum (Japanese carpet shell) | Present | Native | | Qi (1998); Zhuang (1964) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Teredo navalis (naval shipworm) | Present | | | Bernard et al. (1993) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Anguillicoloides crassus | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Anguina tritici (wheat seed gall nematode) | Present | | | Thorne (1961); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Aphelenchoides besseyi (rice leaf nematode) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Qiu et al. (1991); CABI and EPPO (2000); Ou et al. (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Aphelenchoides fragariae (strawberry crimp nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi (Chrysanthemum foliar eelworm) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2000); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (pine wilt nematode) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Zhao BoGuang et al. (2003); Wu et al. (2013); CABI and EPPO (2015); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Ditylenchus destructor (potato tuber nematode) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Zhang and Zhang (2007); CABI/EPPO (2013); Ou et al. (2017); Mao YanZhi et al. (2020); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Ditylenchus dipsaci (stem and bulb nematode) | Present, Localized | | | Shepherd and Barker (1990); CABI and EPPO (2009); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Globodera rostochiensis (yellow potato cyst nematode) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Globodera tabacum (tobacco cyst nematode) | Present | | | Shepherd and Barker (1990); CABI and EPPO (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Helicotylenchus multicinctus (banana spiral nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Heterodera glycines (soybean cyst nematode) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Nakata and Asuyana (1938); Liu XongHong et al. (1997); Zheng et al. (2009); CABI and EPPO (2011); Shi and Zheng (2013); Wang et al. (2015); Peng et al. (2016); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Heterodera goettingiana (pea cyst eelworm) | Present | | | Liu and Li (1989); CABI and EPPO (2003); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode) | Present | | | Shaoshing and Ziming (1991); CABI and EPPO (2003); Wang et al. (2012); Xu et al. (2012); Fu et al. (2013); Wang XiZhuo et al. (2013); Zeng JianMin et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne enterolobii (Pacara earpod tree root-knot nematode) | Present | | | Zhang (1987); Xu JianHua et al. (2004); Hu et al. (2011); Karssen et al. (2012); Jindapunnapat et al. (2013); Lin YenPo et al. (2013); CABI and EPPO (2014); Gao et al. (2014); Long et al. (2014); Wang et al. (2014); Long et al. (2015); Wang et al. (2015); Zhou et al. (2016); Xiao et al. (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne graminicola (rice root knot nematode) | Present | | | Zhao HongHai et al. (2001); Zhou et al. (2015); Long et al. (2017); Wang et al. (2017); Chen et al. (2019); Xie et al. (2019); Ju YuLiang et al. (2020); Luo Man et al. (2020); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne hapla (root knot nematode) | Present | | | Hu XianQi et al. (1997); CABI and EPPO (2002); Li WenHao et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) | Present, Widespread | | | CABI and EPPO (2002); Zeng JianMin et al. (2018); Song et al. (2019); Song et al. (2019); Song et al. (2019); Liu et al. (2020); Shi Q. Q. et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002); Wang et al. (2014); Song et al. (2017); Zeng JianMin et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne mayaguensis | Present | | | EPPO (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Pratylenchus coffeae (banana root nematode) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2000); Li et al. (2019); Li Yu et al. (2020); Wang Ke et al. (2021); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Pratylenchus goodeyi (banana lesion nematode) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Zhang et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Radopholus similis (burrowing nematode) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Trichinella | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Tylenchulus semipenetrans (citrus root nematode) | Present, Widespread | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Bothriocephalus acheilognathi | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Echinococcus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Echinococcus granulosus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Echinococcus multilocularis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Gyrodactylus salaris | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Haplorchis pumilio | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Taenia solium | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Porifera | Celtodoryx ciocalyptoides | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Planctomycetes [kingdom] | | Chlamydophila abortus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Planctomycetes [kingdom] | | Chlamydophila psittaci | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Chlorophyta | Caulerpa taxifolia (killer algae) | Present | Native | | UNEP (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Chlorophyta | Ulva pertusa | Present, Widespread | Native | | Dong and Tseng (1984) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Chlorophyta | Ulva reticulata (ribbon sea lettuce) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Haptophyta | Prymnesium parvum (golden algae) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Phaeophyta | Saccharina japonica | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Phaeophyta | Sargassum muticum (wire weed) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Yoshida (1983); Phillips (1995); Zhao FengJuan et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Phaeophyta | Undaria pinnatifida (Asian kelp) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Tseng (1984) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Azolla filiculoides (water fern) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Reed (1954); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Azolla pinnata (mosquito fern) | Present, Localized | Native | | Croft (1986); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Ceratopteris thalictroides (watersprite) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Christella dentata (soft fern) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Cyclosorus parasiticus (parasitic maiden fern) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Cyrtomium falcatum (Japanese holly fern) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Deparia petersenii subsp. petersenii (Petersen’s lady fern) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Diplazium esculentum (vegetable fern) | Present | Native | | Irudayaraj (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Equisetum arvense (field horsetail) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Lygodium flexuosum (maidenhair creeper) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Lygodium japonicum (Japanese climbing fern) | Present | Native | | Xie et al. (2008); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Lygodium microphyllum (old world climbing fern) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Macrothelypteris torresiana (swordfern) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Marsilea minuta (pepperwort) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Nephrolepis brownii (Asian swordfern) | Present | | | GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteridium aquilinum (bracken) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2003); Tan et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteris tripartita (giant brake) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteris vittata (Chinese ladder brake fern) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Thelypteris opulenta (jewelled maiden fern) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Rhodophyta | Acanthophora spicifera | Present | Native | | Tseng (1984) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Rhodophyta | Gracilaria salicornia | Present | Native | | Tseng (1984); Xia and Zhang (1999) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Rhodophyta | Grateloupia turuturu | Present | Native | | Xia (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Rhodophyta | Kappaphycus | Present | Introduced | | Wu et al. (1988) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) | Present | | | Li et al. (2016); Zhao Qian et al. (2016); Yan WenXue et al. (2018); Fan et al. (2019); Zhai et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abelmoschus moschatus (musk mallow) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abrus precatorius (rosary pea) | Present | Native | | PIER (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abutilon hirtum (Indian mallow) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abutilon indicum (country mallow) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abutilon theophrasti (velvet leaf) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Niu et al. (2009); Cong et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia auriculiformis (northern black wattle) | Present | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia confusa | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia crassicarpa (northern wattle) | Present | Introduced | | Yang et al. (1989) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia dealbata (acacia bernier) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Pan and Yang (1987); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia decurrens (green wattle) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016); CSIRO (2000) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia farnesiana (huisache) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2002); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia glauca (wild dividivi) | Present | Introduced | | PIER (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia longifolia (golden wattle) | Present | Introduced | | PROTA (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia mangium (brown salwood) | Present | Introduced | | Krisnawati et al. (2011); Kew Royal Botanic Gardens (2016); Li You et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia mearnsii (black wattle) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Booth and Yan (1991); Ho and Fang (1997); ILDIS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia melanoxylon (Australian blackwood) | Present | Introduced | | Wang et al. (1994); Zhang et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia nilotica (gum arabic tree) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2002); PIER (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acalypha australis | Present | | | Tang et al. (2018); Ji et al. (2013); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acanthospermum australe (spiny-bur) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Liu Jian et al. (2006); GBIF (2015); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acanthospermum hispidum (bristly starbur) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Wang (1990); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acer negundo (box elder) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Cao et al. (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acer platanoides (Norway maple) | Present | | | Wang et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Achillea millefolium (yarrow) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2015); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Achyranthes aspera (devil's horsewhip) | Present, Localized | Native | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Achyranthes japonica (Japanese chaff flower) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acmella uliginosa (marsh para cress) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aconitum lycoctonum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acrocarpus fraxinifolius (shingle tree) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Adenanthera pavonina (red-bead tree) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012); World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aeschynomene americana (shyleaf) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aeschynomene indica (Indian jointvetch) | Present, Widespread | | | Anon (1990); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Agave americana (century plant) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016); Weber et al. (2008); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Agave sisalana (sisal hemp) | Present | | | Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratina adenophora (Croftonweed) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017); Ma et al. (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratum conyzoides (billy goat weed) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1979); Wang (1990); She et al. (2013); Mukhtar and Peer (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratum houstonianum (Blue billygoatweed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2016); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Agropyron cristatum (crested wheatgrass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Agrostis capillaris (common bent) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ailanthus altissima (tree-of-heaven) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Li (1963); Zheng (1978); Niu et al. (2010); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aira caryophyllea (silver hairgrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Akebia quinata (five-leaf akebia) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia chinensis (Chinese albizia) | Present, Planted | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014); PIER (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia julibrissin (silk tree) | Present, Planted | Native | | ILDIS (2002); Xie YanLan et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia lebbeck (Indian siris) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016); Morton (1983); ILDIS (2016); PIER (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia procera (white siris) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016); Valkenburg (1997); ILDIS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aleurites moluccanus (candlenut tree) | Present, Planted | Native | | Oyen (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alhagi maurorum (camelthorn) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Allamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Allium ramosum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alocasia cucullata (Chinese taro) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alocasia macrorrhizos (giant taro) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); He et al. (2014); Li et al. (2016); Ben HaiYan et al. (2021) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aloe vera (true aloe) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Weber et al. (2008); Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009); Zhai et al. (2013); Chen and Zhong (2017); Seebens et al. (2017); Zhang et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alopecurus japonicus | Present | | | Mohamed et al. (2012); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alopecurus myosuroides (black-grass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alopecurus pratensis (meadow foxtail) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alpinia zerumbet (shell ginger) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2013); USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera paronychioides | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Julien et al. (1995); Guo and Zhou (2006); Weber et al. (2008); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera pungens (Khaki weed) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI Data Mining (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera sessilis (sessile joyweed) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Pan Changshang (1984); Xiang MeiMei (2002); Chen Yue et al. (2013); Wang Yan et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alysicarpus vaginalis (alyce clover) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alyssum desertorum (desert madwort) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alyssum linifolium | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alyssum minus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus blitum (livid amaranth) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1979); Zhao FuMei et al. (2020); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus cruentus (red amaranth) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | GBIF (2020); Xu HaiGen et al. (2012); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus dubius (spleen amaranth) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus hybridus (smooth pigweed) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus palmeri (Palmer amaranth) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1991); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1977); Wang et al. (1990) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus standleyanus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus viridis (slender amaranth) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Romanowski (1977); Yang et al. (2005); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Duan HuiPing and Chen BiLian (2000); Ling et al. (2012); Zhao et al. (2015); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ambrosia trifida (giant ragweed) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2016); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amorpha fruticosa (false indigo-bush) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2010); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anagallis arvensis (scarlet pimpernel) | Present, Widespread | | | Hiepko (1988); Holm et al. (1991); Tang (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anaphalis margaritacea | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anemone sylvestris | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anethum graveolens (dill) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona cherimola (cherimoya) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | PIER (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona glabra (pond apple) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona muricata (soursop) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); PIER (2014); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona reticulata (bullock's heart) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); PIER (2014); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona squamosa (sugar apple) | Present | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2010); PIER (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anredera cordifolia (Madeira vine) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); PIER (2013); USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anthemis cotula (dog fennel) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anthoxanthum odoratum (sweet vernal grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Antigonon leptopus (coral vine) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anubias barteri | Present | | | Xu et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Apium leptophyllum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Apium nodiflorum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arceuthobium oxycedri (juniper dwarf mistletoe) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ardisia crenata (coral berry) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ardisia crispa (coral berry) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ardisia elliptica (shoebutton ardisia) | Present | Native | | Oviedo Prieto et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ardisia humilis (low shoebutton) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Areca catechu (betelnut palm) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009); Tang et al. (2013); Wang et al. (2019); Zhang H et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arenaria serpyllifolia (thymeleaf sandwort) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Argemone mexicana (Mexican poppy) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Argyreia nervosa (elephant creeper) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | PIER (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arrhenatherum elatius (false oat-grass) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Artemisia biennis (biennial wormwood) | Present | | | Lin et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Artemisia capillaris | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arthraxon hispidus (small carpetgrass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit) | Present | | | Long et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arundo donax (giant reed) | Present, Planted | Native | | USDA-ARS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asclepias curassavica (bloodflower) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-ARS (2011); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asparagus densiflorus (asparagus fern) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asparagus setaceus (asparagus fern) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aster squamatus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aster subulatus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Astilbe rivularis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asystasia gangetica (chinese violet) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Atriplex sagittata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Avena fatua (wild oat) | Present, Widespread | | | Hafliger and Scholz (1981); Tu (1983); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Avena sterilis (winter wild oat) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Zhang ShaoMing et al. (1999) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Averrhoa bilimbi (bilimbi) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015); PIER (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Axonopus compressus (carpet grass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Zhang et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Axonopus fissifolius | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Azadirachta indica (neem tree) | Present, Planted | | Naturalized | World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bacopa monnieri (water hyssop) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bambusa bambos (giant thorny bamboo) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bambusa longispiculata (mahal bamboo) | Present | | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bambusa textilis | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bambusa tuldoides (punting pole bamboo) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bambusa vulgaris (common bamboo) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Barleria cristata (Philippine violet) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Barleria lupulina (hophead Philippine violet) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Barleria prionitis (porcupine flower) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Basella alba (malabar spinach) | Present | | | Mao et al. (2016); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017); PIER (2017); USDA-ARS (2017); WCSP (2017); Yang et al. (2018); Yu et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bassia hyssopifolia (fivehook bassia) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bauhinia purpurea (purple bauhinia) | Present | Native | | Contu (2012); Orwa et al. (2009); Xu Biao et al. (2018); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bauhinia tomentosa (yellow bauhinia) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bauhinia variegata (mountain ebony) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Berberis aggregata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Berberis gagnepainii | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Berberis thunbergii (Japanese barberry) | Present | | | Huang et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bidens alba | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bidens frondosa (beggarticks) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bidens pilosa (blackjack) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1979); Lin et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bixa orellana (annatto) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015); Xiong et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Blyxa aubertii (roundfruit blyxa) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Boehmeria penduliflora | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Boerhavia coccinea (scarlet spiderling) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Boerhavia diffusa (red spiderling) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Borreria latifolia (broadleaf buttonweed) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Xie et al. (2008); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bothriochloa bladhii (Caucasian bluestem) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bothriochloa ischaemum (yellow bluestem) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Cook et al. (2005); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bothriochloa pertusa (pitted beard grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bougainvillea spectabilis (great bougainvillea) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018); Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009); Li GuoQing et al. (2015); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brachypodium distachyon (purple false brome) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brachypodium sylvaticum (slender false brome) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Chen ShouLiang and Phillips (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bracteantha bracteata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica juncea (mustard) | Present | Native and Introduced | | Yang GenHua et al. (2005); Xie et al. (2016); Liu et al. (2017); PIER (2018); Missouri Botanical Garden (2019); Zhou et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica nigra (black mustard) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica rapa (field mustard) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018); Cai et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera (turnip rape) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica tournefortii (African mustard) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Breynia disticha (snowbush) | Present | Introduced | | PIER (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Briza maxima (large quaking grass) | Present | Introduced | | eFloras (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus hordeaceus (soft brome) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus japonicus (Japanese brome) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus secalinus (rye brome) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus tectorum (downy brome) | Present, Localized | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Broussonetia papyrifera (paper mulberry) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated); Wu et al. (2011); Yan et al. (2011); Luo et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Buchloe dactyloides | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Buddleja alternifolia | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Buddleja asiatica (dog tail) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Buddleja davidii (butterfly bush) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Buddleja lindleyana (Lindley's butterflybush) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Buglossoides arvensis (corn gromwell) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bunias orientalis (Turkish warty-cabbage) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | ITIS (2008); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cabomba caroliniana (Carolina fanwort) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Caesalpinia decapetala (Mysore thorn) | Present, Planted | Native | | ILDIS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Caesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower) | Present | Introduced | | Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); ILDIS (2014); PIER (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Caladium bicolor (heart of Jesus) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Wu (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calendula arvensis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Callisia repens (creeping inch-plant) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calophyllum inophyllum (Alexandrian laurel) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calopogonium mucunoides (calopo) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calotropis gigantea (Yercum fibre) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calotropis procera (apple of sodom) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | Missouri Botanical Garden (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Camelina microcarpa (smallseed falseflax) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Camelina sativa | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cananga odorata (ylang-ylang) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Canavalia ensiformis (jack bean) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Canavalia gladiata (sword bean) | Present | Native | | POWO (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Canna indica (canna lilly) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2007); Jiang et al. (2018); Yang et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cannabis sativa (hemp) | Present | | | FAO (2009); Song et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Capsella bursa-pastoris (shepherd's purse) | Present | Introduced | | Li (1983); Ren et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Capsicum annuum (bell pepper) | Present | | | FAO (2009); Chu Dong et al. (2006); Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009); Chu Dong et al. (2012); Duan HuiSheng et al. (2013); Wang et al. (2013); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); Li et al. (2014); Wang et al. (2015); Zhang et al. (2015); Chen et al. (2016); Li et al. (2016); Lin et al. (2016); Zhang et al. (2016); Zhang et al. (2016); Zhang et al. (2016); Zhao et al. (2016); Diao et al. (2017); She et al. (2017); Sun et al. (2017); Wang et al. (2017); Gao et al. (2018); Li et al. (2018); Li et al. (2018); Luo et al. (2018); Pei et al. (2018); Zhang Yu et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cardamine flexuosa (wavy bittercress) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Carduus crispus (curly plumeless thistle) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Carduus nutans (nodding thistle) | Present, Localized | | Invasive | Ichizen et al. (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Carex kobomugi (Asiatic sand sedge) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cascabela thevetia (yellow oleander) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cassia fistula (Indian laburnum) | Present, Planted | | | PIER (2014); Deng et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cassia javanica (pink shower) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Casuarina cunninghamiana (Australian beefwood) | Present | Introduced | | Merwin (1989); Bai JiaYu and Zhong ChongLu (1996) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Casuarina equisetifolia (casuarina) | Present | Introduced | | El-Lakany (1983); World Agroforestry Centre (2002); Wang FaMing et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Casuarina glauca (scaly oak (Australia)) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | WAC (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Weber et al. (2008); Seebens et al. (2017); Tian et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Celastrus orbiculatus (Asiatic bittersweet) | Present | Native | | Hou (1955); USDA-ARS (2003); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus echinatus (southern sandbur) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus longispinus (Spiny burrgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus spinifex | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Wang et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea iberica (Iberian starthistle) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea melitensis (Maltese starthistle) | Present | Introduced | | USA, USDA, Soil Conserv. Serv. (1986) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centella asiatica (Asiatic pennywort) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014); Xie et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centipeda minima | Present | | | Guan et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ceratocarpus arenarius | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ceratocephala testiculata (bur buttercup) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ceratophyllum demersum (coontail) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Pan HuiYun et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ceratostigma plumbaginoides | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cereus jamacaru (Queen of the Night) | Present | | | Duan et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cestrum nocturnum (night jessamine) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); PIER (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chamaecrista nictitans (sensitive partridge pea) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chamaesyce nutans | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chamaesyce prostrata | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cheilocostus speciosus (crepe ginger ) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chenopodium acuminatum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chenopodium album (fat hen) | Present, Widespread | | | Wang (1990); Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chenopodium botrys | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chenopodium glaucum (Oak-leaved goosefoot) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chenopodium pumilio | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chloris barbata (purpletop chloris) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chloris gayana (Rhodes grass) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2020); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chondrilla juncea (rush skeletonweed) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chorispora tenella (blue mustard) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Gautier (1992); McFadyen (2002); Seebens et al. (2017); |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chrysanthemum carinatum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chrysopogon aciculatus (golden false beardgrass) | Present, Localized | | | Holm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Weber et al. (2008); Seebens et al. (2017); Zhang et al. (2017); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cinnamomum burmanni (padang cassia) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cinnamomum camphora (camphor laurel) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009); Wang JiRui et al. (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cinnamomum verum (cinnamon) | Present | Introduced | | FAO (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cirsium arvense (creeping thistle) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1979); Wan FangHao et al. (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cirsium vulgare (spear thistle) | Present | Native | | Moore and Frankton (1974) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Citrus aurantiifolia (lime) | Present | | | FAO (2013); Huang Feng et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Citrus aurantium (sour orange) | Present | | | FAO (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clarkia pulchella | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clematis integrifolia | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clematis montana | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clematis orientalis (oriental virginsbower) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clematis terniflora (sweet autumn clematis) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated); Swearingen and Bargeron (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cleome gynandra | Present | Introduced | | Kuhn (1988) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cleome rutidosperma (fringed spiderflower) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cleome viscosa (Asian spiderflower) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clerodendrum bungei (rose glorybower) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clerodendrum chinense (Chinese glory bower) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clerodendrum indicum (Turk's turban) | Present | | | Wearn and Mabberley (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clerodendrum lindleyi (clerodendrum) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clerodendrum paniculatum (pagoda flower) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clerodendrum wallichii (Wallich's glorybower) | Present | Native | | PIER (2014); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clitoria ternatea (butterfly-pea) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2016); ILDIS (2016); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coccinia grandis (scarlet-fruited ivy gourd) | Present | Native | | PIER (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cocos nucifera (coconut) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Yu et al. (2012); Niu et al. (2014); Niu et al. (2015); Sun et al. (2016); Zhang and Niu (2019); Xu et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Wu et al. (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Colocasia esculenta (taro) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009); Wang et al. (2014); Liu et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Colubrina asiatica (latherleaf) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Combretum indicum (Rangoon creeper) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015); Hanelt et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Commelina benghalensis (wandering jew) | Present, Localized | | | Ciba Geigy (1982); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Commelina diffusa (spreading dayflower) | Present | | | Ciba Geigy (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Commelina paludosa | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conium maculatum (poison hemlock) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2015); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Convolvulus arvensis (bindweed) | Present, Widespread | | | Wang and Kok (1985); Hongyuan et al. (1989); Zhang et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza bonariensis (hairy fleabane) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza canadensis (Canadian fleabane) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1979); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza sumatrensis (tall fleabane) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Liu et al. (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cordyline fruticosa (ti plant) | Present | | | Randall (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coreopsis grandiflora | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coreopsis tinctoria | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Corymbia citriodora (lemon-scented gum) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cosmos sulphureus (sulphur cosmos) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster acuminatus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster adpressus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster amoenus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster dielsianus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster franchetii (orange cotoneaster) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster glaucophyllus (Cotoneaster) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster henryanus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster horizontalis (wall-spray) | Present, Widespread | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster moupinensis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster multiflorus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster nanshan | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster niger | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster nitens | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster nitidus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster obscurus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster rotundifolius | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster splendens | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster zabelii | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crassocephalum crepidioides (redflower ragleaf) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Belcher (1955); Yang et al. (2012); He YongLin et al. (2021) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crotalaria micans | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crotalaria retusa (rattleweed) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crotalaria spectabilis (showy rattlepod) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crupina vulgaris (bearded creeper) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crypsis aculeata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crypsis schoenoides (swamp pricklegrass) | Present | Native | | Randall (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuphea carthagenensis (Colombian waxweed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Hui (2012); Yan XiaoLing et al. (2014); Seebens et al. (2017); |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuphea hyssopifolia (false heather) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cupressus arizonica (Arizona cypress) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cupressus sempervirens (Mediterranean cypress) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuscuta campestris (field dodder) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Lyu Hui et al. (2020); Qu XiaoJian and Fan ShouJin (2021) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuscuta europaea (European dodder) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuscuta japonica (Japanese dodder) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Flora of China (2009); USDA-ARS (2009); Yuan et al. (2015); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuscuta monogyna (eastern dodder) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuscuta reflexa (dodder) | Present, Widespread | | | Parker and Riches (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuscuta scandens | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyanthillium cinereum (little ironweed) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyathula prostrata (pasture weed) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cymbopogon nardus (citronella grass) | Present, Localized | | | eMonocot (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynara cardunculus (cardoon) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1979); Xie et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus compressus (annual sedge) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1979); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Jiang Hua et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus imbricatus (shingle flatsedge) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus iria (rice flatsedge) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cytisus scoparius (Scotch broom) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015); Li et al. (2009); Han et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016); Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dalbergia sissoo | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura innoxia (downy thorn apple) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2014); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura metel (Hindu datura) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); PIER (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura stramonium (jimsonweed) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Yao Lin et al. (1976); Wang (1990); Ding et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Daucus carota (carrot) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2015); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014); Wang et al. (2014); Wang et al. (2014); Zhang et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Delonix regia (flamboyant) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Delphinium elatum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dendrocalamus strictus (male bamboo) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Derris elliptica (tuba root) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Descurainia sophia (flixweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016); Hong et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Desmodium tortuosum (Florida beggarweed) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Desmostachya bipinnata (halfa grass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dianthus versicolor | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); Li et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dichanthium annulatum (Kleberg's bluestem) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dichanthium aristatum (angelton bluestem) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dichondra micrantha | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dichondra repens | Present | | | Cardin et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dichrostachys cinerea (sickle bush) | Present | Native | | PIER (1999) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dieffenbachia seguine (dumb cane) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitalis lanata (Grecian foxglove) | Present | | | Dong et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria bicornis (Asian crabgrass) | Present | Native | | PIER (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1979); Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria fuscescens (yellow crab grass) | Present | Introduced | | PIER (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria ischaemum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria longiflora (false couch grass) | Present | Native | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria sanguinalis (large crabgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Ding et al. (1989); Qiang Sheng et al. (1998); Wu JianRong et al. (1999); Xie et al. (2008); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014); Song et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dinebra retroflexa | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dioscorea alata (white yam) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Zou et al. (2011); Lin et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dioscorea bulbifera (air potato) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Liu Jian et al. (2006); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dopatrium junceum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Draba sibirica | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Drymaria cordata (tropical chickweed) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Duranta erecta (golden dewdrop) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Weeds of Australia (2016); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2013); USDA-ARS (2013); Zhang et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dypsis lutescens (yellow butterfly palm) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016); Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dysphania ambrosioides (Mexican tea) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Li et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa colona (junglerice) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); Holm et al. (1991); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa crus-pavonis (gulf cockspur grass) | Present | Introduced | | Tropicos (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eclipta prostrata (eclipta) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1979); Xie et al. (2008); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014); Xu et al. (2020); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ehrharta erecta (panic veldtgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Flora of China (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Xie Yan et al. (2001); Chu JianJun et al. (2006); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian olive) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2007); USA, USDA-ARS (2008); Chen et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elaeagnus multiflora (cherry silverberry) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elaeagnus pungens (thorny olive) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elaeagnus umbellata (autumn olive) | Present, Planted | Native | | USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm) | Present | | | FAO (2009); Zheng et al. (2017); Li et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eleocharis dulcis (Chinese water chestnut) | Present | | | Yang et al. (2019); Liu et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eleusine indica (goose grass) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1979); Seebens et al. (2017); Song et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elodea canadensis (Canadian pondweed) | Present | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1979); Li XiaoPing et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elodea nuttallii (Nuttall's waterweed) | Present | Introduced | | Xu et al. (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elsholtzia ciliata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Emilia coccinea (scarlet tasselflower) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Emilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower) | Present | Native | | Wang (1990); Xie et al. (2008); Yang et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Epilobium ciliatum (northern willowherb) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Epiphyllum oxypetalum (dutchman's-pipe cactus) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Epipremnum pinnatum (centipede tongavine) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Wang et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis amabilis (Japanese lovegrass) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018); Xie et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis atrovirens (thalia lovegrass) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis japonica (pond lovegrass) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis nigra | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis pilosa (India lovegrass) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis unioloides (Chinese lovegrass) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erechtites hieraciifolius (American burnweed) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erechtites valerianifolius (tropical burnweed) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eremochloa ophiuroides (centipedegrass) | Present | Native | | Buitenhuis and Veldkamp (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erigeron annuus (annual fleabane) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erigeron karvinskianus (Karwinsky’s fleabane) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erigeron philadelphicus (Philadelphia fleabane) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eriobotrya japonica (loquat) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated); Chen et al. (2013); Fang et al. (2013); Li et al. (2014); Wang JiRui et al. (2014); Lu et al. (2016); Xiao et al. (2016); Wu et al. (2017); Wu et al. (2018); Liu QiYan et al. (2019); Zhai and Zhang (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eriochloa villosa | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erodium cicutarium (common storksbill) | Present | Native | | PIER (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erysimum diffusum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erythronium dens-canis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Etlingera elatior (torch ginger) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Weber et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus | Present | | | Phan et al. (2015); Li et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus globulus (Tasmanian blue gum) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus paniculata (grey ironbark) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus robusta (swamp mahogany) | Present, Planted | | | Seebens et al. (2017); Zhang and Zhu (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eugenia uniflora (Surinam cherry) | Present | Introduced | | PIER (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euonymus fortunei (wintercreeper) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euonymus japonicus (Japanese spindle tree) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2017); Huang et al. (2017); Li et al. (2017); Wu ManYing (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euonymus nanus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eupatorium cannabinum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eupatorium trapezoideum (crofton weed) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); Dong et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia dentata | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia esula (leafy spurge) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia hirta (garden spurge) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1979); Mukhtar and Peer (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia hypericifolia (graceful spurge) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Flora of China (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia maculata | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia milii (crown-of-thorns) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia neriifolia (Indian spurge tree) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2020); Li et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia peplus (petty spurge) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia supina | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia tirucalli (Indian-tree spurge) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia tithymaloides (devil's backbone) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia trigona (African milk weed) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Exochorda racemosa (common pearlbrush) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); Zhang et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Falcataria moluccana (batai wood) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | ILDIS (2009); Ji ChunYan et al. (2017); Chen et al. (2019); Ji et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia baldschuanica (Russian vine) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia convolvulus (black bindweed) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1977); Tu (1989); Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia japonica (Japanese knotweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue) | Present | Introduced | | Chen ShouLiang and Phillips (2006); Zhang et al. (2014); Hu et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Festuca pratensis (meadow fescue) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); Shenglian et al. (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus benjamina (weeping fig) | Present | | | Flora of Pakistan (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus carica (common fig) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); FAO (2009); Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009); Zhang et al. (2013); Mijit et al. (2015); Jiang et al. (2016); Chen et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus elastica (rubber plant) | Present | | | Quattrocchi (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus microcarpa (Indian laurel tree) | Present | Native | | Wiersema and León (1999); Quattrocchi (2012); Flora of Pakistan (2014); Wang JiRui et al. (2014); Yao et al. (2015); Wang JiRui et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus pumila (creeping fig) | Present | Native | | Madulid (1995); Hanelt et al. (2001); Pelser et al. (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus religiosa (sacred fig tree) | Present | | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); Flora of Pakistan (2014); PIER (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fimbristylis cymosa (tropical fimbry) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fimbristylis dichotoma (tall fringe rush) | Present, Localized | Native | Invasive | Holm et al. (1991); Xie et al. (2008); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fimbristylis littoralis (lesser fimbristylis) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Flacourtia indica (governor's plum) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Flaveria bidentis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Flemingia lineata (wild hops) | Present | | | CABI (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Flemingia macrophylla (large leaf flemingia) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Flemingia strobilifera (wild hops) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Flueggea suffruticosa | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | eFloras (2013); Liu et al. (2016); Shi et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fragaria vesca (wild strawberry) | Present | Native | | Darrow (1966) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Frangula alnus (alder buckthorn) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fraxinus americana (white ash) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated); Chen et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Funtumia elastica (West African rubber tree) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gaillardia pulchella (Indian blanket) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga quadriradiata (shaggy soldier) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galium aparine (cleavers) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1991); Pei et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gamochaeta pensylvanica | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gaultheria shallon (salal) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gaura lindheimeri | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Geranium nepalense | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Geranium robertianum (herb-robert) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Geum aleppicum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Glechoma hederacea (ground ivy) | Present | Native | | eFloras (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gliricidia sepium (gliricidia) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Glyceria maxima (reed sweet-grass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gmelina arborea (candahar) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gomphrena globosa (globe amaranth) | Present | | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gossypium barbadense (Gallini cotton) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Grevillea robusta (silky oak) | Present | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gypsophila paniculata (baby’s breath) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gypsophila perfoliata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Haematoxylum campechianum (logwood) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Halogeton glomeratus (halogeton) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedera helix (ivy) | Present | | | Liu et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedychium coccineum (scarlet ginger lily) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedychium coronarium (white butterfly ginger lily) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedychium flavescens (wild ginger) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helianthus annuus (sunflower) | Present | | | FAO (2009); Chu Dong et al. (2006); Ren et al. (2015); Shi et al. (2015); Zhang et al. (2015); Li et al. (2016); Wu et al. (2016); Xu et al. (2016); Zhang et al. (2016); Sun and Liang (2018); Xia et al. (2018); Zhang et al. (2018); Zhang et al. (2018); Zhou et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helianthus debilis (beach sunflower) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke) | Present | Introduced | | Wang HuaFeng et al. (2011); Huang et al. (2017); Seebens et al. (2017); Zhao et al. (2017); Pei et al. (2021) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helictotrichon pubescens | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Heliotropium indicum (Indian heliotrope) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1977) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hemerocallis citrina | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); Li et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hemerocallis fulva (tawny daylily) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hevea brasiliensis (rubber) | Present | | | FAO (2009); Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009); Cai et al. (2014); Li et al. (2014); Cai et al. (2015); Cai et al. (2016); Huang et al. (2016); Liu et al. (2016); Liu et al. (2016); Yang et al. (2016); Liu et al. (2017); Jiang et al. (2018); Li YaJin et al. (2018); Li You et al. (2018); Shi et al. (2019); Wu et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hibiscus elatus (blue mahoe) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (China-rose) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated); Huang et al. (2004); Zheng et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hibiscus tiliaceus (coast cottonwood) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hibiscus trionum (Venice mallow) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hiptage benghalensis (hiptage) | Present | Native | | PIER (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Holcus lanatus (common velvet grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hosta plantaginea | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); Li et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hovenia dulcis | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Howea belmoreana | Present | | | Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Humulus scandens (Japanese hop) | Present | Native | | EPPO (2019); Rao et al. (2011); Wang et al. (2013); Liu et al. (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla) | Present, Localized | | | Pieterse (1981); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides | Present | | | Zhang ShiMeng et al. (2018); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hygrophila polysperma (Indian swampweed) | Present | Native | | Taiwan, National Science Council of the Republic of China (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hylocereus undatus (dragon fruit) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015); Guo LiWe et al. (2014); Ma et al. (2014); Liu et al. (2016); Seebens et al. (2017); Wu et al. (2017); Zhang et al. (2017); Zheng et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyoscyamus niger (black henbane) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyoscyamus pusillus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyparrhenia rufa (Jaragua grass) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hypochaeris radicata (cat's ear) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyptis brevipes (lesser roundweed) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyptis suaveolens (pignut) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Impatiens balsamina (garden balsam) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018); Li et al. (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Impatiens glandulifera (Himalayan balsam) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Impatiens parviflora (small balsam) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Impatiens walleriana (busy lizzy) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018); Sun et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Imperata cylindrica (cogon grass) | Present, Localized | Native | | Mcdonald and Chandler (1994); Garrity et al. (1996); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2014); PIER (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera suffruticosa (Anil indigo) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2013); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera tinctoria (true indigo) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Inula britannica (british yellowhead) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea alba (white moonflower ) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Weber et al. (2008); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea aquatica (swamp morning-glory) | Present | | | Subramanyam (1962); Cui YuJing et al. (2004); Li Miao et al. (2009); Mo CeHui et al. (2009); Jia et al. (2012); Wang Xu et al. (2012); Fan BoYi et al. (2014); Liu et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea cairica (five-fingered morning glory) | Present | | | Liu Gang et al. (2016); Seebens et al. (2017); POWO (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (bush morning glory) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea indica (ocean blue morning-glory) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | GRIIS (2017); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea nil (white edge morning-glory) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea purpurea (tall morning glory) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); Zhang et al. (2014); Seebens et al. (2017); Yang et al. (2018); Qu XiaoJian and Fan ShouJin (2021) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea quamoclit (cypress vine) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Staples (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea triloba (three-lobe morning glory) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Iris tectorum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); Liu et al. (2015); Lu et al. (2016); Liu et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Isatis tinctoria (dyer's woad) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ischaemum rugosum (saramollagrass) | Present, Localized | | | Holm et al. (1977); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Iva xanthiifolia (marsh-elder) | Present | Introduced | | Zhi-dong et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ixora finlaysoniana (white jungle flame) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jacaranda mimosifolia (jacaranda) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jasminum beesianum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jasminum mesnyi | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); Zhang et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jasminum multiflorum (star jasmine) | Present | Introduced | | Chang et al. (1996) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jasminum officinale | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jasminum polyanthum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jasminum sambac (Arabian jasmine) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jatropha curcas (jatropha) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Caius (1986); Wu YueKai et al. (2011); Ahmed et al. (2015); Guo et al. (2017); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus effusus (common rush) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); Kirschner (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus tenuis (slender rush) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kalanchoe blossfeldiana (flaming katy) | Present | Introduced | | Tang et al. (2016); Fang et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kalanchoe daigremontiana (devil's backbone) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kalanchoe integra (Never die) | Present | Native | | New York Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kalanchoe pinnata (cathedral bells) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Boiteau and Allorge-Boiteau (1995); Kunjun and Gilbert (2001); Tang et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Koeleria macrantha | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kyllinga nemoralis (white kyllinga) | Present | Native | | Kumar (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kyllinga polyphylla (navua sedge) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lablab purpureus (hyacinth bean) | Present | | | Zheng et al. (2016); Shen RuiQing et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lactuca tatarica | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018); Zhang et al. (2009); Yan et al. (2016); Cui et al. (2018); Li et al. (2018); Zhu PengXiang et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lagerstroemia indica (Indian crape myrtle) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Wu et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lagerstroemia speciosa (Pride of India) | Present | Native and Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lagurus ovatus (hare's tail) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lamium amplexicaule (henbit deadnettle) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lamprocapnos spectabilis | Present | | | Li and Zhang (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lantana camara (lantana) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1979); Corlett (1992); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lantana montevidensis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lathyrus japonicus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lathyrus odoratus (sweet pea) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lathyrus palustris | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lathyrus pratensis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lawsonia inermis (Egyptian privet) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leersia hexandra (southern cut grass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lemna aequinoctialis (lesser duckweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lemna perpusilla (duckweed) | Present | | | Waterhouse (1993); USDA-ARS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leonurus japonicus (honeyweed) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium appelianum (hairy whitetop) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium densiflorum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium didymum (lesser swine-cress) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium latifolium (perennial pepperweed) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium perfoliatum (clasping pepperweed) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium ruderale | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Liu Jian et al. (2006); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leptochloa chinensis (Chinese sprangletop) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leptochloa fusca (sprangletop) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lespedeza cuneata (sericea lespedeza) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2019); ILDIS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); ILDIS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucanthemum vulgare (oxeye daisy) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leymus racemosus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ligularia sibirica | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ligustrum henryi | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ligustrum japonicum (Japanese privet) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2020); Shen et al. (2017); Wang and Liu (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ligustrum lucidum (broad-leaf privet) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Huang et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ligustrum obtusifolium (border privet) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ligustrum robustum subsp. walkeri (Sri Lankan privet) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ligustrum sinense (Chinese privet) | Present | | | USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lilium martagon | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Limnophila chinensis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Linaria vulgaris (common toadflax) | Present | | | USDA-ARS (2015); USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lindernia crustacea (Malaysian false pimpernel) | Present | | | Xie et al. (2008); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Liriope spicata (creeping liriope) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lithospermum officinale | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Livistona chinensis (Chinese fan palm) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lobelia chinensis (Chinese lobelia) | Present | | | He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014); Li et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated); Xue et al. (2016); Xue et al. (2017); Li et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | eMonocot (2013); Seebens et al. (2017); Hu et al. (2018); Hu et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium persicum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium temulentum (darnel) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1979); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lonicera confusa | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016); Oviedo Prieto et al. (2012); USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle) | Present | Native | | Huxley (1999); Zhang et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lonicera maackii (Amur honeysuckle) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2013); Zhang et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lonicera morrowii (Morrow’s honeysuckle) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lonicera pileata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lonicera ruprechtiana | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lonicera standishii (Standish's honeysuckle) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia hyssopifolia (water primrose) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012); Holm et al. (1979); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia octovalvis (primrose willow) | Present | | | Raven (1963) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Luffa acutangula (angled luffa) | Present | | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Luffa aegyptiaca (loofah) | Present | | | Zipcode Zoo (2007); Liu Ning et al. (2013); Li et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lupinus angustifolius (narrow-leaf lupin) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lupinus polyphyllus (garden lupin) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Macaranga tanarius (parasol leaf tree) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Macleaya cordata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); You et al. (2016); Zhou et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Macroptilium atropurpureum (siratro) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Malva neglecta (common mallow) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Malva pusilla (round-leaved mallow) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Li et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Malva sylvestris | Present | | | Zhou et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Malva verticillata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); Peng HaoRan et al. (2015); Liu et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Malvaviscus arboreus (wax mallow) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Malvaviscus penduliflorus (Turk's cap mallow) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mangifera indica (mango) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Qi et al. (2012); Mo et al. (2013); Qi YanXiang et al. (2013); Liu et al. (2017); Qin et al. (2017); Zhang et al. (2017); Liu et al. (2018); Zhang et al. (2018); Liu XiaoFei et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Manilkara zapota (sapodilla) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Maranta arundinacea (arrowroot) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Marrubium vulgare (horehound) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Martynia annua (tiger's claw) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Weber et al. (2008); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Matricaria perforata (false chamomile) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mazus japonicus | Present | | | He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Medicago lupulina (black medick) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Medicago polymorpha (bur clover) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melaleuca quinquenervia (paperbark tree) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melia azedarach (Chinaberry) | Present | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002); Li et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melilotus albus (honey clover) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melilotus officinalis (yellow sweet clover) | Present | | Invasive | Chen et al. (2013); Seebens et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis minutiflora (molasses grass) | Present | | | Peng GuiXiang et al. (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis repens (natal redtop) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mentha pulegium (pennyroyal) | Present | Introduced | | eFloras (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia tuberosa (woodrose) | Present | Introduced | | ISSG (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia umbellata (hogvine) | Present | Native | | Staples (2010); Ooststroom and Hoogland (1953) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Microstegium vimineum (Nepalese browntop) | Present | Native | | ISSG (2012); Ho et al. (1992); Huang et al. (2017); Huang et al. (2017); Ding et al. (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mikania cordata | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mikania micrantha (bitter vine) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Zhu et al. (2019); Tang et al. (2020); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa diplotricha (giant sensitive plant) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); PIER (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa pigra (giant sensitive plant) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa pudica (sensitive plant) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1977); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Zhou XiaoKui et al. (2008); PIER (2016); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Miscanthus sinensis (eulalia) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Momordica balsamina (common balsam apple) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) | Present | Native | | Scholz (1988); Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997); USDA-ARS (2014); Seebens et al. (2017); Zhu et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Monochoria hastata (hastate-leaved pondweed) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Monochoria korsakowii | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Monochoria vaginalis (pickerel weed) | Present, Widespread | | | Wang (1990); Li (1987); He et al. (1991); Li et al. (2005); Song et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Moorochloa eruciformis (sweet signal grass) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Morinda citrifolia (Indian mulberry) | Present | | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017); Fu et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Moringa oleifera (horse radish tree) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2017); Cai et al. (2016); He et al. (2017); Kang et al. (2017); Liu et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Morus alba (mora) | Present, Planted | | | Meng et al. (2013); Wang JiRui et al. (2014); Xie et al. (2014); Chen et al. (2017); Chen et al. (2017); Chen et al. (2018); Zhang et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Morus nigra (black mulberry) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mosla dianthera (miniature beefsteakplant) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean) | Present | Native | | Ye et al. (2013); ILDIS (2014); PIER (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Muntingia calabura (Jamaica cherry) | Present | Introduced | | Herbarium (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Murdannia keisak | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Murdannia nudiflora (doveweed) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Murraya paniculata (orange jessamine) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2020); Deng et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mussaenda erythrophylla (red flag bush) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Jiang Hua et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mussaenda philippica (Queen of Philippines) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Myosoton aquaticum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Myriophyllum aquaticum (parrot's feather) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Myriophyllum heterophyllum (broadleaf watermilfoil) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Myriophyllum spicatum (spiked watermilfoil) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nandina domestica (Nandina) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Li et al. (2018); Wang et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nasturtium officinale (watercress) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2006); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nelsonia canescens (blue pussyleaf) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Neonotonia wightii (perennial soybean) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Jiang Hua et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nerium oleander (oleander) | Present | Native | | PIER (2018); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Neslia paniculata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Neyraudia reynaudiana (burma reed) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicandra physalodes (apple of Peru) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Wang (1990) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | eFloras (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Zhang et al. (1986); Mo et al. (2002); Xia and Mo (2007); Liu et al. (2008); Cai et al. (2011); Ding et al. (2011); Rao et al. (2011); Wang et al. (2011); Yin et al. (2011); Wu et al. (2012); Yang MingWen et al. (2012); Shi and Zheng (2013); Du et al. (2014); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); Wang et al. (2014); Bian et al. (2015); Wang et al. (2015); Bian ChuanHong et al. (2016); Wang et al. (2016); Wang et al. (2016); Yang et al. (2016); Yuan et al. (2016); Chen et al. (2017); Wang et al. (2017); Wang et al. (2017); Wang et al. (2018); Xu et al. (2018); Zeng JianMin et al. (2018); Xia et al. (2019); Lin et al. (2020); Zhao et al. (2021) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nopalea cochenillifera (cochineal cactus) | Present | Introduced | | Zhao LiFeng and Qin ShaoWei (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nymphaea lotus (white Egyptian lotus) | Present, Localized | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nymphaea tetragona | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nymphoides peltata (yellow floating-heart) | Present | Native | | Flora of China (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ocimum gratissimum (African basil) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ocimum tenuiflorum (holy basil) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oenothera biennis (common evening primrose) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oenothera drummondii | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oenothera glazioviana (redsepal evening-primrose) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Shen RuiQing et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oenothera parviflora | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oenothera rosea | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oenothera stricta | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oenothera tetraptera | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oenothera villosa | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines) | Present | | | Govaerts (2018); Xie et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oldenlandia lancifolia (calycose mille graines) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata (wild olive) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Onopordum acanthium (scotch thistle) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ophiopogon japonicus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oplismenus hirtellus subsp. undulatifolius (wavyleaf basketgrass) | Present | Native | | Scholz (1981) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Opuntia monacantha (common prickly pear) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2013); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Opuntia stricta (erect prickly pear) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Weber et al. (2008); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2007); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Orobanche aegyptiaca (Egyptian broomrape) | Present | | | Chai et al. (2018); Zhang XueKun et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Orobanche cernua (nodding broomrape) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016); Xia et al. (2018); Zhang et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Orobanche cumana (sunflower broomrape) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016); Ding et al. (2012); Xu et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Orobanche ramosa (branched broomrape) | Present | | | Parker (1994) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oryza rufipogon (wild rice) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Ge Song et al. (1999); Gao LiZhi et al. (2002); Song ZhiPing et al. (2003); Yamanaka et al. (2003); Gao LiZhi (2004); Zhu et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oxalis corniculata (creeping woodsorrel) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1977); Holm et al. (1991); Xie et al. (2008); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oxalis debilis (pink woodsorrel) | Present | | | Chen et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pachira aquatica (pachira nut) | Present | Introduced | | Tang et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paederia foetida (skunkvine) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Panicum repens (torpedo grass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Aneja et al. (1991); Seebens et al. (2017); PIER (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia creeper) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Axmacher and Sang WeiGuo (2013); Chen et al. (2016); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum conjugatum (buffalo grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Xu HaiGen et al. (2012); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum dilatatum (dallisgrass) | Present | Introduced | | PIER (2017); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum distichum (knotgrass) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Gong and Li (1991); Waterhouse (1993); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum notatum (Bahia grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum scrobiculatum (ricegrass paspalum) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Zhang (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum thunbergii | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum urvillei (Vasey grass) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2018); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum) | Present, Localized | | | USDA-ARS (2016); Zhang et al. (2014); Wang (2015); Hao et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum virgatum (sword grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora caerulea (blue passionflower) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | PIER (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora edulis (passionfruit) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2014); Chen LiJuan et al. (2020); Zhang ShaoKang et al. (2020); Zhang et al. (2021) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora foetida (red fruit passion flower) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora ligularis (sweet granadilla) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora suberosa (corkystem passionflower) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2013); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (banana passionfruit) | Present | | | Yu Dong et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pastinaca sativa (parsnip) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Zehui and Watson (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paulownia tomentosa (paulownia) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2007); USA, USDA-ARS (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu grass) | Present | Introduced | | Dong ZhongSheng et al. (2005); PIER (2008); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum flaccidum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum macrourum (African feather grass) | Present | | | Hu et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum polystachion (mission grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2008); Hafliger and Scholz (1981); Seebens et al. (2017); |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pentas lanceolata (Egyptian starcluster) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pereskia aculeata (Lemon-vine) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Persicaria chinensis (Chinese knotweed) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Persicaria maculosa (redshank) | Present, Localized | Native | | Freedman (1998); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Persicaria perfoliata (mile-a-minute weed) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Persicaria punctata (dotted smartweed) | Present | | | GBIF (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Persicaria wallichii (Himalayan knotweed) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phaius tankervilleae (nun’s-hood orchid) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phalaris aquatica (bulbous canarygrass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phalaris arundinacea (reed canary grass) | Present | Native | | Holm et al. (1979); USDA-ARS (2003); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phalaris minor (littleseed canarygrass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phalaris paradoxa (awned canary-grass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phaseolus lunatus (lima bean) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phedimus aizoon (gold sedum) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); Yang et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phleum pratense (timothy grass) | Present | Introduced | | Kew (2015); USDA-ARS (2015); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phlomoides tuberosa | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phoenix canariensis (Canary Island date palm) | Present | Introduced | | Zhang ShaoSheng and Lao QiLiao (2005); Li YueZhong et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Photinia beauverdiana | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Photinia serratifolia | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); Liang et al. (2012); Yang et al. (2018); Zhang ShiMeng et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phragmites australis (common reed) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Wang (1990); Holm et al. (1991); Ji et al. (2009); Li et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllanthus urinaria (leafflower) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018); Xu et al. (2004); Xie et al. (2008); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllostachys aurea (golden bamboo) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllostachys aureosulcata (yellow groove bamboo) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllostachys flexuosa (drooping timber bamboo) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllostachys nigra | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllostachys reticulata (giant timber bamboo) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Physalis angulata (cutleaf groundcherry) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979); Wu and Raven (1994) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Physalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Physalis pubescens | Present | | | Fu et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pilea microphylla | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pimenta dioica (allspice) | Present | Introduced | | Parthasarathy et al. (2008); FAO (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus caribaea (Caribbean pine) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus elliottii (slash pine) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus patula (Mexican weeping pine) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Piper sarmentosum | Present | | | Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2003); Holm et al. (1979); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pithecellobium dulce (Manila tamarind) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pittosporum undulatum (Australian cheesewood) | Present | Introduced | | Cooper (1956) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago aristata | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago lanceolata (ribwort plantain) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago major (broad-leaved plantain) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago virginica | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plectranthus scutellarioides (coleus) | Present | | | Hanelt et al. (2001); CANBR (2014); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pluchea indica (Indian camphorweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa annua (annual meadowgrass) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1991); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa compressa (Canada bluegrass) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa nemoralis (wood bluegrass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa pratensis (smooth meadow-grass) | Present | Native | | ISSG (2015); Yang et al. (2016); Liu et al. (2017); Zhu Mo et al. (2021) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa supina | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pogostemon cablin (patchouli) | Present | | | Wu et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polygonum arenastrum (common knotweed) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polygonum aviculare (prostrate knotweed) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1979); Wang (1990); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014); Liu et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polygonum barbatum (knot grass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polygonum hydropiper (marsh pepper) | Present, Widespread | | | Wang (1990); Holm et al. (1997); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polygonum lapathifolium (pale persicaria) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2019); Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polygonum nepalense (Nepal persicaria) | Present | | | Guo (1993); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polypogon fugax | Present | | | He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polypogon monspeliensis (annual beard grass) | Present | | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2012); Guertin (2003); PIER (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Populus alba (silver-leaf poplar) | Present, Localized | Native | | USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Populus nigra (black poplar) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Portulaca oleracea (purslane) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Portulaca pilosa (kiss-me-quick) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015); Missouri Botanical Garden (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Portulaca quadrifida (chickenweed) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015); GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Potamogeton crispus (curlyleaf pondweed) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Potentilla longifolia | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Potentilla multifida | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Potentilla reptans (sulfur cinquefoil) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Potentilla supina | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); Xu et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prosopis juliflora (mesquite) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prunella vulgaris (self-heal) | Present | Native | | WCSP (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prunus campanulata (Taiwan cherry) | Present | Native | | GISD (2011); Kanazawa et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pseudelephantopus spicatus (false elephant’s foot) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Yan XiaoLing et al. (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Psidium cattleianum (strawberry guava) | Present, Localized, Planted | Introduced | | Popenoe (1920) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Psidium guajava (guava) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002); FAO (2013); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pterocarpus indicus (red sandalwood) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pterocarpus macrocarpus (Burma padauk) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Zhu et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ptychosperma macarthurii (Macarthur palm) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pueraria montana var. lobata (kudzu) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pueraria phaseoloides (tropical kudzu) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pyracantha coccinea (scarlet firethorn) | Present | Introduced | | ZipcodeZoo (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ranunculus cymbalaria | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ranunculus muricatus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Raphanus raphanistrum (wild radish) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Raphanus sativus (radish) | Present | | | Fei et al. (2020); Rao et al. (2011); Cai et al. (2014); Yu et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Reineckea carnea | Present | | | Sun et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Reutealis trisperma (Philippine tung) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Reynoutria multiflora | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rhaponticum repens (Russian knapweed) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Downy rose-myrtle) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Pratt et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rhus typhina (staghorn sumac) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Zhu HaiYan et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ricinus communis (castor bean) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Liu et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rivina humilis (bloodberry) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2002); Wang JiRui et al. (2014); Seebens et al. (2017); Xue et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosa multiflora (multiflora rose) | Present | Native | | eFloras (2013); Wang JiRui et al. (2014); He et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosa rugosa (rugosa rose) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosa wichuraiana (memorial rose) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rottboellia cochinchinensis (itch grass) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Roystonea oleracea (Caribbean royal palm) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus alceifolius (giant bramble) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus cockburnianus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus ellipticus (yellow Himalayan raspberry) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus niveus (Mysore raspberry) | Present | Native | | HEAR (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus rosifolius (roseleaf raspberry) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus tricolor | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ruellia simplex (Mexican petunia) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex acetosella (sheep's sorrel) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex crispus (curled dock) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979); Liu et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex obtusifolius (broad-leaved dock) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Russelia equisetiformis (firecracker plant) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | PIER (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Saccharum ravennae (ravenna grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sacciolepis indica (glen woodgrass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Xie et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sagittaria graminea | Present | | | Zhang YanWen et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sagittaria sagittifolia | Present | | | Wang et al. (2019); Hu et al. (2009); Wang ZhaoDe et al. (2010); Zhang et al. (2010); Wang ZhaoHui et al. (2012); Liang KaiMing et al. (2014); Lang Hong et al. (2015); Zhong et al. (2015); Liu JiaKai et al. (2018); Yuan et al. (2019); Zhang Chi et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salix cinerea (grey sallow) | Present | | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salsola collina (slender Russian thistle) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salsola kali (common saltwort) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salsola paulsenii (barbwire Russian thistle) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salsola soda (oppositeleaf Russian thistle) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salvia coccinea (scarlet sage) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Samanea saman (rain tree) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sambucus nigra (elder) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sanguisorba officinalis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sansevieria trifasciata (mother-in-law’s tongue) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Li et al. (2013); Huang SiLiang et al. (2021) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sanvitalia procumbens | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Scaevola taccada (beach naupaka) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Li Min et al. (2020); Wang et al. (2021) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Schefflera actinophylla (umbrella tree) | Present | | | Huang (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Schinus terebinthifolius (Brazilian pepper tree) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Schismus arabicus (Arabian schismus) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sechium edule (chayote) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sedum kamtschaticum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senecio jacobaea (common ragwort) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senecio vulgaris | Present | Native | | Holm et al. (1991); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna alata (candle bush) | Present | Introduced | | PIER (2016); Seebens et al. (2017); Yao et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna bacillaris (whitebark senna) | Present | | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna didymobotrya (African senna) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna hirsuta (hairy senna) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2005); Seebens et al. (2017); |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna multijuga (November shower) | Present | | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); PIER (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna obtusifolia (sicklepod) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna occidentalis (coffee senna) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1979); USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna septemtrionalis (smooth senna) | Present | | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna siamea (yellow cassia) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna spectabilis (whitebark senna) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna surattensis (golden senna) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania cannabina (corkwood tree) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania grandiflora (sesbania) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); ILDIS (2014); PIER (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania herbacea | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania sesban (sesban) | Present, Planted | | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria faberi (giant foxtail) | Present | | | Wang RongLin et al. (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria palmifolia (palm grass) | Present | Native | Invasive | Weber et al. (2008); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1979); Shouliang and Phillips (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria verticillata (bristly foxtail) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria viridis (green foxtail) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1979); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014); Song et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sicyos angulatus (burcucumber) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sida acuta (sida) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1977) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silene latifolia subsp. alba (white campion) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silene vulgaris (bladder campion) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silphium perfoliatum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silybum marianum (variegated thistle) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Gao et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sisymbrium irio | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum carolinense (horsenettle) | Present | | | Li GenYou et al. (2006); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum erianthum (potato tree) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum mammosum (nipplefruit nightshade) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum nigrum (black nightshade) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum rostratum (prickly nightshade) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Zhao JiaLi et al. (2013); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum seaforthianum (Brazilian nightshade) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum sisymbriifolium (sticky nightshade) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Weber et al. (2008); CABI Data Mining (2011); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum torvum (turkey berry) | Present, Localized | | | Holm et al. (1991); Ge and Ma (2007); Lu YuanYuan et al. (2009); Fan Ling et al. (2010); Fu et al. (2010); Dong CunZhu et al. (2011); Li JinSheng et al. (2014); Yang Xu et al. (2014); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum tuberosum (potato) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); Zhang et al. (1986); Li JinHua et al. (2007); Tian et al. (2007); Rao et al. (2011); Randall (2012); Shen RuiQing et al. (2012); Yang and Wu (2012); Yang et al. (2012); Zhang et al. (2012); She et al. (2013); Yang and Wu (2013); Yang and Wu (2013); Zheng and Wu (2013); Guo et al. (2014); Huang et al. (2015); Gao et al. (2016); Gong et al. (2017); Ou et al. (2017); Yang et al. (2017); Zhou Bo et al. (2017); Zhu et al. (2017); Wu et al. (2018); Yang et al. (2018); Zhao et al. (2018); Cheng et al. (2019); Mao YanZhi et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum viarum (tropical soda apple) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | USA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solidago canadensis (Canadian goldenrod) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Yin LiPing et al. (2003); Jin LiAng et al. (2004); Seebens et al. (2017); Wang Qi et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Soliva anthemifolia | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Soliva sessilis | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus arvensis (perennial sowthistle) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Xu HaiGen et al. (2012); Pei et al. (2012); He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014); Shi et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle) | Present, Widespread | | | Grieson (1980); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated); |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Ding JianQing et al. (2008); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spartina anglica (common cordgrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Kriwoken and Hedge (2000); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spartium junceum (Spanish broom) | Present | Introduced | | PIER (2017); ILDIS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spathodea campanulata (African tulip tree) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spergula arvensis (corn spurry) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spergularia marina | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spermacoce verticillata (shrubby false buttonwood) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sphaerophysa salsula (swainsonpea) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sphagneticola trilobata (wedelia) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sphenoclea zeylanica (wedgewort) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1977) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spiraea chamaedryfolia (germander meadowsweet) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sporobolus pyramidatus (whorled dropseed) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | Liu (2004); Wu et al. (2009); IBCAS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sporobolus tenuissimus (tropical dropseed) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stachys arvensis (staggerweed) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1979); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); Govaerts (2014); PIER (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stachytarpheta cayennensis (blue snakeweed) | Present | Introduced | | Munir (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (Jamaica vervain) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1991); Ye HongYing et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stachytarpheta urticifolia (rattail) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stellaria media (common chickweed) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1977); Wang (1990); Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stellaria pallida (common chickweed) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stenotaphrum secundatum (buffalo grass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Liu et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sterculia foetida (Java olive) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stictocardia tiliifolia (spottedheart) | Present | Native | | PIER (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stipa capillata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Striga asiatica (witch weed) | Present | Native | | Holm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Striga densiflora (witchweed) | Present | | | MBG (2000) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Suaeda corniculata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Synedrella nodiflora (synedrella) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Syngonium podophyllum (arrowhead vine) | Present | Introduced | | Wu (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Syzygium cumini (black plum) | Present | | | Li and Yang (1991); USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Syzygium jambos (rose apple) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tabebuia rosea (pink poui) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tabernaemontana divaricata | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tagetes erecta (Mexican marigold) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Xu HaiGen et al. (2012); Li et al. (2014); Seebens et al. (2017); Luo et al. (2018); Xu ManLin et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tagetes minuta (stinking Roger) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Dong ZhenGuo et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarindus indica (tamarind) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2018); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarix chinensis (five-stamen tamarisk) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarix ramosissima (saltcedar) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tanacetum vulgare (tansy) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Taraxacum officinale complex (dandelion) | Present | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tectona grandis (teak) | Present, Planted | | | CABI Data Mining (undated); Ai et al. (2015); Huang et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tephrosia candida (white tephrosia) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015); PIER (2015); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Terminalia catappa (Singapore almond) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tetragonia tetragonioides (New Zealand spinach) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thalia dealbata | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thalictrum aquilegiifolium | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thalictrum delavayi | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thalictrum minus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thalictrum simplex | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Themeda quadrivalvis (grader grass) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thespesia populnea (portia tree) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thlaspi arvense (field pennycress) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Holm et al. (1991); USDA-ARS (2019); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thunbergia alata (black eyed Susan) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thunbergia fragrans (whitelady) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thunbergia grandiflora (Bengal trumpet) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tithonia diversifolia (Mexican sunflower) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tithonia rotundifolia (red sunflower) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Ou Jian et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Toona ciliata (toon) | Present | Native | | Li Pei et al. (2015); Hua and Edmonds (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Toona sinensis (Chinese Toona) | Present, Planted | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Toxicodendron succedaneum (wax tree) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Trachelospermum jasminoides (star-jasmine) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Trachomitum venetum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); Gao et al. (2014); Gao et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tradescantia spathacea (boat lily) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Govaerts (2012); eFloras (2013); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tradescantia zebrina (wandering jew) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tragus racemosus (stalker bur grass) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Trapa natans (waterchestnut) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated); GBIF (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triadica sebifera (Chinese tallow tree) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated); USDA-ARS (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tribulus cistoides (false puncture vine) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tribulus terrestris (puncture vine) | Present, Widespread | | | Wang (1990) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tridax procumbens (coat buttons) | Present, Localized | | | Wang (1990); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Trifolium lupinaster | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triumfetta rhomboidea (diamond burbark) | Present | Native | | Tang et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tropaeolum majus (common nasturtium) | Present | | | Wei and Li (2017); Yu et al. (2021) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Typha angustifolia (lesser bulrush) | Present | Native | | Chambers et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ulex europaeus (gorse) | Present, Localized, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2007); Liu Jian et al. (2006); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urena lobata (caesar weed) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979); Xie et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa distachya (signal grass) | Present | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa mutica (para grass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa reptans (sprawling signalgrass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urtica cannabina | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Utricularia gibba | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbascum thapsus (common mullein) | Present | Native | | ISSG (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbena brasiliensis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbena rigida (stiff verbena) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vernicia fordii (tung-oil tree) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Veronica anagallis-aquatica (blue water speedwell) | Present | | | He YunHe and Qiang Sheng (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Veronica beccabunga (European speedwell) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Veronica biloba (twolobe speedwell) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Veronica serpyllifolia (thymeleaf speedwell) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vicia sepium | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vicia villosa (hairy vetch) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015); Yan et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vigna marina (beach bean) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vitex rotundifolia (beach vitex) | Present | Native | | Munir (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vitex trifolia | Present, Localized | Native | | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vulpia myuros (annual fescue) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Wisteria sinensis (Chinese wisteria) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Fu et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Xanthium spinosum (bathurst burr) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Missouri Botanical Garden (2013); USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Xanthium strumarium (common cocklebur) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1991); Li ChangTian (2012); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Xanthoceras sorbifolium | Present | | | Liu et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Xyris complanata (yellow-eyed grass) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Youngia japonica (oriental false hawksbeard) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Yucca aloifolia (Spanish bayonet) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | South China Botanical Garden Checklist (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Zelkova serrata (Japanese selkova) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Zingiber montanum (cassumunar ginger) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Seidemann (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Zingiber officinale (ginger) | Present | Native | | Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2016); Li et al. (2014); Li et al. (2014); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016); Xiao et al. (2018); Zhang QiMeng et al. (2020); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Zingiber zerumbet (shampoo ginger) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Zinnia peruviana (Peruvian zinnia) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ziziphus mauritiana (jujube) | Present, Planted | Native | | CABI (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Zoysia matrella (Manila grass) | Present | Native | | PIER (2016); Xie et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Paramyxea | Marteilia refringens | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Alexandrium minutum | Present, Few occurrences | | | Liu and Liang (2008); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Alexandrium tamarense | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Babesia bigemina | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Babesia caballi | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Bonamia exitiosa | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Bonamia ostreae | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Gymnodinium catenatum | Present, Widespread | | | Qi et al. (1996) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Perkinsus marinus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Perkinsus olseni | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Theileria annulata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Theileria hirci | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Toxoplasma gondii | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Trypanosoma equiperdum | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Trypanosoma evansi | Present | | | Luckins (1988) |
Virus | | | African horse sickness virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | African swine fever virus | Present | | | OIE (2020); Li XiangDong and Tian KeGong (2018); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | Arterivirus | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | avian infectious bronchitis virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Avipoxvirus | Present | | | Hu (1982) |
Virus | | | Banana bunchy top virus (bunchy top of banana) | Present, Localized | | Invasive | CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Banana streak disease | Present | Native | Invasive | Diekmann and Putter (1996); Rao XueQin et al. (2005) |
Virus | | | Barley yellow dwarf viruses (barley yellow dwarf) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2014) |
Virus | | | bovine herpesvirus 1 | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | bovine viral diarrhea virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | caprine arthritis encephalitis virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | classical swine fever virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | Cotton leaf curl disease complex (leaf curl disease of cotton) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Mao MingJie et al. (2008); Cai et al. (2010) |
Virus | | | Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus | Present | | | Yu (1946); CABI and EPPO (2010); CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | Cowpea mild mottle virus (angular mosaic of beans) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Wei et al. (2020) |
Virus | | | Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus | Present | | | Bente et al. (2013) |
Virus | | | Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Liu Yan et al. (2009); Zhang et al. (2009); Li JinYu et al. (2013); CABI and EPPO (2015); Liang ChaoQiong et al. (2015); Zhong et al. (2015); Li JunXiang et al. (2016); Rao LiXia et al. (2017); Liang ChaoQiong et al. (2019); Liu et al. (2019); Xie HuiTing et al. (2020) |
Virus | | | Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows) | Present | | | Xiang et al. (2008); Shang QiaoXia et al. (2009); Tang et al. (2017); Zhang ShaoKang et al. (2020) |
Virus | | | Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus | Present | | | Liu et al. (2010); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | duck hepatitis A virus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Virus | | | eastern equine encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | epizootic haematopoietic necrosis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | equid herpesvirus 1 | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | equine influenzavirus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | extra small virus | Present | | | Qian et al. (2003) |
Virus | | | foot-and-mouth disease virus | Present | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020); CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | fowlpox virus | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | Gallid herpesvirus 2 | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | Grapevine virus A (grapevine closterovirus) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Ribeiro et al. (2004); Fan et al. (2013); Alabi et al. (2014); Ahmed et al. (2018) |
Virus | | | Haliotid herpesvirus 1 | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | infectious bursal disease virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | infectious myonecrosis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | infectious pancreatic necrosis virus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Virus | | | infectious salmon anemia virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | influenza A virus | Present | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019); OIE (2019); OIE (2020); CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | Iris yellow spot virus (iris yellow spot) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Japanese encephalitis virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | lumpy skin disease virus | Present | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); Qian et al. (2003); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Maize chlorotic mottle virus | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2014); Xie Li et al. (2011); Wang et al. (2014) |
Virus | | | Maize dwarf mosaic virus (dwarf mosaic of maize) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2003); CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | Maize lethal necrosis disease | Present, Localized | | | CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | myxoma virus | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | Nairobi sheep disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Newcastle disease virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | Papaya ringspot virus | Present | | | Xiao HuoGen et al. (1997); CABI and EPPO (2003); Liao et al. (2005); Zhu et al. (2016); Cheng et al. (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | Pepino mosaic virus | Present, Few occurrences | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); Zhang YaoLiang et al. (2003); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMV) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2009); Li et al. (2016); Wen et al. (2019); Zhou WenPeng et al. (2020) |
Virus | | | peste des petits ruminants virus | Present | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | Plantago asiatica mosaic virus | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Xu et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Plum pox virus (sharka) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | | Navratil et al. (2005); CABI and EPPO (2007); Marais et al. (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Poplar mosaic virus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Virus | | | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus | Present, Widespread | | | Song DePing et al. (2015) |
Virus | | | Potato spindle tuber viroid (spindle tuber of potato) | Present, Localized | | | Singh et al. (1993); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus | Present | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | rabies virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | red sea bream iridovirus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | rinderpest virus | Absent | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | spring viraemia of carp virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Strawberry vein banding virus (vein banding of strawberry) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2002); Chen et al. (2014); Chen et al. (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Sugarcane mosaic virus (sugarcane mosaic) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Tang et al. (2016); Yan et al. (2016) |
Virus | | | Suid herpesvirus 1 | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (internal cork disease of sweet potato) | Present | Native | Invasive | CABI and EPPO (2003); Deng et al. (2014); Qin et al. (2016); Sun et al. (2019); Yan KR et al. (2020); Zhao FuMei et al. (2020); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Taura syndrome virus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (Tomato brown rugose fruit virus) | Present, Few occurrences | | | EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1978); Tu et al. (2006); Li et al. (2015); Sun et al. (2016); Xiao et al. (2016); Hu et al. (2018); Liang Yan et al. (2020); Yu et al. (2021); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (leaf curl) | Present, Localized | | | Wu et al. (2006); Dai et al. (2011); Ji et al. (2013); Zhou et al. (2016); Tang et al. (2020); Zhu Feng et al. (2020); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | transmissible gastroenteritis virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Tuberose mild mottle virus (tuberose mild mottle virus) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Lin et al. (2004) |
Virus | | | Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | visna/maedi virus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Virus | | | western equine encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Wheat streak mosaic virus (wheat streak) | Present | Introduced | | UK, CAB International (1982); Xie et al. (1982) |
Virus | | | White spot syndrome virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2019) |