Alpine treeline ecosystems are generally expected to advance with increasing temperatures and after land-use abandonment. Multiple interacting factors modify this trend. Understanding the long-term processes underlying treeline advance is essential to predict future changes in structure and...

Tree rings are widely used for climatic reconstructions and for improving our understanding of ongoing climate change in high-altitude sensitive areas. X-ray maximum latewood density is a very powerful parameter to reconstruct past climatic variations, especially if compared to tree-ring width, but ...

Searching for a robust tree-ring parameter useful for paleoclimatic purposes is one of the most demanding topics in the modern paleoscience. Since Blue Intensity has already expressed itself in different geographical locations all over the world as a possible replacement for maximum density, close...

Currently, climate change requires the quantification of carbon stored in forest biomass. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data offers a significant advantage over other remote detection measurement methods in providing structural and biomass-related information about ecosystems. This study aimed to...

In central Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the Zavidovići-Teslić area, the study of the radial growth of Austrian and Scots pine (autochthonous pine species) trees was conducted using the dendrochronological method in order to identify the differences between the species in terms of the influence of...

Climate warming exposes forests to increasing abiotic stress, demanding for difficult silvicultural decisions about the right choice of future timber species. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica) are major timber species in the North German Lowlands, which have...

'Blue rings' (BRs) are visual indicators of less lignified cell walls typically formed towards the end of a tree's growing season. Though BRs have been associated with ephemeral surface cooling, often following large volcanic eruptions, the intensity of cold spells necessary to produce BRs, as well ...

The growth response of trees to changing climate plays a key role in the efficient management of forest ecosystems. The case study analyses long-term growth trends and reactions of conifer tree species (Norway spruce, silver fir, Scots pine) on climate characteristics in mixed selection forest of...

Plant species adapted to coastal systems are suffering severe declines. This is the case of the critically endangered Juniperus navicularis, which colonizes fossil dunes in the southwestern Iberian Peninsula and grows in the understory of pine plantations. This endemic juniper presents low...

Driftwood supply was a pivotal factor for the Norse expansion in medieval times and still exhibits an essential resource for Arctic settlements. The physical causes and societal consequences of long-term changes in the distribution of Arctic driftwood are, however, poorly understood. Here, we use ...