Forests remain an important resource in Iran, as most of the livelihood activities of local communities, especially in the semi-arid environment of the Zagros forests, are dependent on forest resources. The aim of this study was to identify the type and extent of forest dependency. Semi-structured...

Today, transportation network optimization has become one of the significant aspects of supply chain planning, and even a slight rise in productivity can significantly reduce costs of distribution of wood in the transportation network. In the forest based industry, given that transportation is the...

Simultaneous effects of using cellulose nanocellulose and chemical pulp in paper money were studied with bottom combers cotton pulp. The bottom combers pulp and chemical pulp were prepared in a factory that produced durable paper, and their products were transferred to the laboratory. The...

One of the major problems in poplar cultivation is the existence of low-yielding poplar species and their traditional cultivation, which reduce wood production per unit area. To identify the most productive and adaptable clones to local climate and introduce them for mass wood production, ten...

The economic sanctions imposed against Iran have been significantly increased in recent years. Such sanctions usually target the business sectors of Iran and limit trade and monetary flows. Many studies have examined the various impacts of sanctions on Iran's economy. The economic strategies of...

From natural resource economics viewpoint, instead of price tagging, economic valuation means estimation of goods and services values of natural ecosystems, to have purposeful and empowerment management for creating a framework to more conserve and preserve natural environment. In different...

One of the most important economic goals of any state or economic system is to maintain a competitive position in every market. Competition in the market is ultimately improving the well - being of consumers and economic performance. Market analysis in order to resolve appropriate decisions by...

This study aims to identify the expectations and preferences of consumers of home and office furniture using nonparametric tests. The statistical population consists of customers of the home and office wood furniture industry in Tehran and a stratified sampling method was used in this study....

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has been recognized as an analysis of the impacts that a project can impose on the environment, with the purpose of balancing the positive and negative impacts of the project. Forest road construction is one of the costliest and most important projects that its ...

Agriculture in Iran, like many developing countries, faces financial constraints and The lack of adequate credit has created many challenges. Therefore, bank credit is of special importance. This study aimed at exploring the effect of formal credit on agricultural growth and Employment in Iran,...