In Germany, waste wood can be used in various ways. The main ones are recycling in particleboards and energy production if the quality is insufficient for material utilisation. For the decision of usage, it is necessary to determine the wood quality by measuring the concentrations of certain...

Wood fibre insulation boards (WFIB) are typically made from softwood fibres. However, due to the rapid decrease in softwood stands in Germany, the industry will be forced to adapt to the wood market. Therefore, alternative approaches for the substitution of softwood with hardwood will be needed in...

Three wood particle types of different origin [knife ring flaker (KRF), hammer mill (HM), sawmill plant] for the manufacture of extruded particleboards were characterized by conventional sieve analysis and image analysis-based particle size measurement. Sieve analysis was performed following two...

Wood plays a major role for the Norwegian Public Roads Administration (NPRA) in design and construction of modern bridges. The Norwegian design code demands a service life of 100 years; this poses a challenge independent of the material used. In case of wood, NPRA regards the creosote treatment as...

This working paper deals with wood balances for Germany for the years 2017, 2018 and 2019 and the updated timeseries for specific key figures. For the calculation the unit cubic meters of roundwood equivalent (m³(r)) is used as reference unit. The wood balance displays total supply and total use of ...

This article analyzed the international competitiveness of exports of forest products from 2008 to 2018. The information is available in the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the indicators used were: revealed comparative advantage (RCA), trade openness index (Oi) and the contribution to...

The European Union Timber Regulation (EUTR) was adopted in 2010. This Regulation prohibits placing illegally harvested timber on the EU market and obliges economic operators who put timber products for the first time on the EU market to exercise due diligence. So far, little research has been done...

Several studies addressed the water footprint (WF) of countries and virtual water (VW) trade in agricultural and industrial products, but freshwater use associated with wood products has received little attention. Yet, international trade in wood products has been growing, and forestry competes...

An IML-RESI PD 400 drilling tool and a standard spade drill bit (IML System GmbH, Wiesloch, Germany) were used to study the combined effect of wood moisture content (MC), drill bit rotational speed and feed rate on drilling resistance (DR) and feeding force (FF). Tests were made with Norway spruce...

We analyzed the relationship of the softwood market in chosen EU countries. The long-run relationship was tested using the multivariate Johansen procedure and bivariate Engle-Granger cointegration test. Precedence and causality of markets in the short-run were tested using the weak exogeneity test...