Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are produced for defense in nearly all taxa from simple bacteria to complex mammalian species. Some amphibian families have developed this defensive strategy to a high level of sophistication by loading the AMPs into specialized granular glands within the dermis....

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that primarily affects people in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. Owing to the temperate climate of Japan, leptospirosis is not endemic across the country. Domestic cases of leptospirosis have been mainly reported in Okinawa and the southwestern...

Consumption of raw water (water that has not been disinfected or filtered) has become an emerging trend in the United States and could pose serious health consequences. Drinking water collected directly from outdoor freshwater sources such as lakes, rivers, and streams that has not been adequately...

Amphibians are at the forefront of bridging the evolutionary gap between mammals and more ancient, jawed vertebrates. Currently, several diseases have targeted amphibians and understanding their immune system has importance beyond their use as a research model. The immune system of the African...

Increased rates of multidrug-resistant microbes have been reported after earthquakes. After the 2023 earthquakes in Turkey and Syria, the number of associated highly drug-resistant pathogens and nosocomial transmission will probably surge in hospitals treating injured patients. It is not too late...

During 2010-2018 in Denmark, 638 patients had Vibrio infections diagnosed and 521 patients had Shewanella infections diagnosed. Most cases occurred in years with high seawater temperatures. The substantial increase in those infections, with some causing septicemia, calls for clinical awareness and...

We report a case in which a patient was suspected of developing pneumonia due to wearing dentures that were immersed in a storage solution contaminated with 3.0 × 10⁸ colony-forming units (cfu)/mL of Burkholderia cepacia. It is highly possible that the contaminated denture solution entered the...

As a supplement of nutrition and energy, dairy products are the most comprehensive food in nutrition. Dairy products are easily contaminated by food-borne pathogens such as Salmonella, and the use of various additives also leads to the uneven quality of dairy products. Therefore, testing and...

A CTX-M-65-producing Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis clone, probably originating in Latin America and initially reported in the United States, has emerged in Taiwan. Chicken meat is the most likely primary carrier. Four of the 9 drug resistance genes have integrated into the chromosome: bla...

In this work, the effect of the usual acidic conditions of dry-cured fermented foods (pH values between 4.5 and 6), on the growth and expression of the virulence genes, hly and inlA, of Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b, was evaluated. To analyse the expression of the inlA gene, a novel real-time...