The issues of land pollution, restoration, and return of land to agricultural cultivation are today. Especially, this is gaining new relevance in modern conditions of military action on the territory of Ukraine and other countries, which causes the reduction of cultivation areas. Therefore, there...

Straw and reed are natural local insulation- and construction materials, which properties allow them to replace energy intensive building materials. In general, straw and reed as building materials are considered harmless to the environment and human health. Unfortunately, the use of these...

The aim of this study was to determine relationships between ammonia and hydrogen sulphide emissions and the type of manure storage, and correlations between emissions and Estonian climatic conditions. Total ammonia (NH₃) and hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) emissions depend directly on the open area of...

The input of alkaline oil-shale fly ash and other pollutants from the electric power stations caused significant changes in the bogs in North-East Estonia from the second half of 20th century. Changes in bog water chemistry toward alkalinization and increased content of nutrients were followed by...

In the introductory part a short retrospect to the soil survey proceeded in Estonia since fifties of previous century is given. As a result of this survey the large scale (1:10,000) digitized soil map for the whole Estonian territory with soil contours (soil mapping units) related soil species...

The need to find solutions for problems concerning engine fuels, like the limited oil resources and rise in fuel prices, growing environmental pollution and economic and political tensions, also the necessity not to depend on the energy market, have made alternative fuels, such as bio-fuels,...

The greatest sources of atmospheric emissions of alkaline dust and SO₂ in Estonia are the oil shale based power plants and the cement production. In the vicinity of oil shale processing and chemical plants the organic pollutants (phenols, benzene, toluene, hydrocarbons, etc.), as well as ammonia, H...

Prolonged effects of the multicomponent air pollution complexes emitted from the cement production in Kunda and oil shale processing in Kohtla-Järve, North-East Estonia, on the forest ecosystems are discussed. It was found that atmospheric input substantially affects biogeochemical cycling in...

Weather and site conditions, air pollution, diseases and pests all have an effect on the needle characteristics, determining their lifetime on trees. The needle trace method (NTM) gives a chance to retrospectively investigate different kinds of disturbances in tree life, including needle disease...

The influence of cadmium pollution on the social homeostasis in red wood ant of Formica s. str. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) colonies was assessed by carrying out feeding experiments with CdCl₂ (500 mg CdCl₂ in honey) in Finland (Viikki and Tenala) and in Estonia (Akste Red Wood Ant Reservation). We...