This chapter provides both a basic framework of information on sampling, monitoring and forecasting and an insight into some of the problems confronting scientists working in the field of pest management.

This chapter contains questions about the physical factors in the environment and their measurement.

Animal-based measures are an effective method for both auditing and monitoring handling and stunning of livestock and poultry in commercial abattoirs. The following variables should be measured. For livestock, the percentage of animals is assessed on five measures: (i) effective stunning with one...

Traditional animal toxicity testing has been challenged in this century to shift towards toxicity pathway-based approaches for a more efficient evaluation of a large number of chemicals and a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying toxicological effects. The toxicity pathway describes...

This chapter discusses the most used and evaluated passive sampling methods for Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) monitoring and detection. The economic thresholds and economic injury levels for Asian citrus psyllid control, and crop yield are also discussed.

This chapter focuses on the main management strategies used by citrus growers for Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) control in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Control strategies include monitoring and phytosanitary alert system, chemical control, biological control, and external actions. Farm size and the presence or...

Induction and maintenance of anesthesia in raptors is relatively easy but, as with all species, careful monitoring is always necessary thus in this chapter guidelines on the basic anesthetic protocols, proper oxygen flow rates and endotracheal tube placement, and safe monitoring of vital signs in...

This chapter describes the remainder of the generic risk management model. It includes the tasks that coincide, conceptually, with Stage 3 of the pest risk assessment/analysis process, which is consists of the work most consistently recognized as the responsibility of the risk manager. The primary...

This book aims to provide an overview of insect pest management, highlighting the major problem areas and contentious issues and, where possible, attempting to identify promising lines and directions for future research and implementation. The book includes descriptions and explanations of the...

This chapter enumerates the notifiable infectious diseases subject to the international and national health regulations. Some suggestions to set up a surveillance system for diseases of international or national importance, the vaccination requirements for international travel, and the health...