This chapter focuses on tropical forests, grasslands and cave systems that are architecturally complex and rich in insect species, with many specialist insect herbivores. Various factors leadng to the continued decrease in insect populations in these habitats are discussed and the importance of the ...

Halophytic vegetation is very complex and diverse, and the main factors for its development are salinity and moisture. Investigations into different types of halophytic vegetation have been compiled in vegetation databases as scientific tools for classification analyses and interpretation of...

This book contains is the third edition and is a reorganization and expansion of earlier editions. It contains 15 chapters from the earlier 10. The new chapters emphasize topics previously given briefer treatment. Expanded topics include artificial regeneration, fire effects and prescribed burning, ...

This chapter describes the characteristics and extent, disturbance processes, silvicultural concepts and methods, and restoration and maintenance in oak savannahs and woodlands.

Plants provide a unique ecological niche for diverse communities of fungal endophytes that vary in their impact, positive to negative, on the host plant. Fungal endophytes colonize plants without any visible disease symptoms for at least part of their life history. These symbionts are critical...

This third edition of Principles of Cattle Production describes existing cattle production systems in detail and examines many of the concerns, the difficulties in changing existing systems and how they can become more sustainable. This book has twelve chapters that will address these production...

This chapter discussed the history of cattle production starting from the prehistoric period which may date back about 40 million years ago when ruminants first appeared and at 25 million years ago when savannahs and grasslands of the world developed. Then to its domestication dating as early as 8...

This chapter discusses management of grazing systems; particularly, planning of stocking density, measuring grassland production and utilization, grazing systems, youngstock grazing, pasture supplementation, legume swards, and maintaining grassland productivity. It is established that grazing...

This chapter discussed the different environmental management that would minimize or prevent harm on the environment due to cattle production. Highlights focused on controlling emissions and land degradation, managing input-output balances on cattle farms, efficient fertilizing of cattle grassland, ...

This chapter discusses measures to improve forage crop production and use in India, including: how to strengthen forage breeding, practising food-fodder mixed farming, rehabilitation/development of grasslands and wastelands, establishing forage banks, forage seed availability and supply,...