The territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) is characterized by a great wealth of wild animals, but some species are increasingly rare and endangered, especially large animals (bear, wolf and lynx). In order to preserve and develop the population of wild animals, one of the important aspects is...

Aflatoxins are mycotoxins produced by species of the fungal genus Aspergillus. There are several types of aflatoxins, but the most toxic is aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Different conditions (humidity and temperature) lead to the production of AFB1 on grains, especially maize. When ruminants consume...

Vaccines are considered to be one of the most efficient and profitable methods of prevention of infectious diseases. Vaccines are biological products created to stimulate the immune system against a vaccinal antigen so that the host is capable to swiftly and efficiently produce antibodies upon a...

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy's (TSE) are a group of infectious neurodegenerative diseases that attack the nerve tissue by creating clusters of prion particles in it. The ultimate outcome of this disease is deadly, and their agent is a prion, a cellular glycoprotein that has two forms,...

On stimulation, a variety of immune cells are rapidly recruited to the skin from the blood or lymphatic tissue, leading to the resulting immune responses. Depending on the nature of the trigger, different immune cells may be recruited in response to distinct pathogens. In addition, the sequence of...

The Zagorje turkey, as an indigenous Croatian breed with protection of geographical origin and protected designation of origin, is being bred in increasing numbers on family farms. The traditional outdoor way of keeping Zagorje turkey is predisposed for the occurrence of diseases, such as...

Campylobacteriosis is a zoonosis transmitted to man from animals and products of animal origin, caused by bacteria of the genus Campylobacter. Campylobacters are ubiquitous microorganisms that can be found in all types of meat and meat products, raw milk and dairy products, less frequently in eggs, ...

Animal waste is a large organic substrate whose hygienic, economic and ecologic features are clearly defined. Generally, it is necessary to consider animal waste from different aspects, in the interest of not only public health and hygiene, but also ecological standards. For all types of animal...

Mastitis is an inflammatory reaction to an infection of the secretory part of the mammary gland. The causes of mastitis are divided by Gram staining into Gram-positive and Gram-negative, and according to aetiology into contagious and environmental causes. Contagious pathogens are most transmitted...

The aim of the study is to analyze the data of a six-year study of the presence of American foulbrood on samples of bee brood and honey. Results: In the laboratory for infectious diseases P.I. "Veterinary Institute" Bihać, a total of 2035 bee brood samples and 618 honey samples were analyzed in the ...