Cookies on Invasive Species Compendium

Like most websites we use cookies. This is to ensure that we give you the best experience possible.

Continuing to use www.cabi.org means you agree to our use of cookies. If you would like to, you can learn more about the cookies we use.

Datasheet

Aulacaspis tubercularis (mango scale)

Summary

  • Last modified
  • 21 March 2017
  • Datasheet Type(s)
  • Pest
  • Natural Enemy
  • Preferred Scientific Name
  • Aulacaspis tubercularis
  • Preferred Common Name
  • mango scale
  • Taxonomic Tree
  • Domain: Aulacaspis tubercularis
  •     Domain: Eukaryota
  •         Kingdom: Metazoa
  •             Phylum: Arthropoda
  •                 Subphylum: Uniramia

Don't need the entire report?

Generate a print friendly version containing only the sections you need.

Generate report

Pictures

Top of page
PictureTitleCaptionCopyright
A. tubercularis
TitleA. tubercularis
Caption
CopyrightNatural History Museum, London
A. tubercularis
A. tubercularisNatural History Museum, London

Identity

Top of page

Preferred Scientific Name

  • Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead

Preferred Common Name

  • mango scale

Other Scientific Names

  • Aulacaspis cinnamomi Newstead
  • Aulacaspis cinnamomi mangiferae Newstead
  • Aulacaspis mangiferae MacGillivray
  • Diapis mangiferae (Newstead) Ramakrishna Ayyar
  • Diaspis cinnamomi
  • Diaspis cinnamomi-mangiferae (Newstead)
  • Diaspis tubercularis (Newstead)

International Common Names

  • English: white mango scale
  • Spanish: escama blanca del mango

Local Common Names

  • South Africa: mangodopluis

EPPO code

  • AULSCI (Aulacaspis cinnamomi)

Taxonomic Tree

Top of page
  • Domain: Aulacaspis tubercularis
  •     Domain: Eukaryota
  •         Kingdom: Metazoa
  •             Phylum: Arthropoda
  •                 Subphylum: Uniramia
  •                     Class: Insecta
  •                         Order: Hemiptera
  •                             Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
  •                                 Superfamily: Coccoidea
  •                                     Family: Diaspididae
  •                                         Genus: Aulacaspis

Distribution Table

Top of page

The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.

CountryDistributionLast ReportedOriginFirst ReportedInvasiveReferencesNotes

ASIA

China
-Hong KongPresentNHM, 1992
India
-Andaman and Nicobar IslandsPresentIIE, 1993
-BiharPresentNHM, 1989
-GujaratPresentNHM, 1983
-Himachal PradeshPresentVerma & Dinabandhoo, 2005
-KarnatakaPresentIIE, 1993
-KeralaPresentIIE, 1993
-SikkimPresentNHM
-Uttar PradeshPresentNHM, 1975
-West BengalPresentNHM, 1956
IndonesiaPresentEPPO, 2014
-JavaPresentIIE, 1993; EPPO, 2014
-KalimantanPresentTakagi & Faveri, 2009
IraqPresentIIE, 1993
IsraelPresentDanzig & Pellizzari, 1998
JapanPresentDanzig & Pellizzari, 1998
Malaysia
-Peninsular MalaysiaPresentIIE, 1993
-SarawakPresentIIE, 1993; NHM, 1978
PakistanPresentIIE, 1993
PhilippinesPresentTakagi & Faveri, 2009
Sri LankaPresentIIE, 1993
TaiwanPresentIIE, 1993
ThailandPresentWilliams & Williams, 1988
VietnamPresentWaterhouse, 1993

AFRICA

BeninPresentIIE, 1993; EPPO, 2014
Côte d'IvoirePresentIIE, 1993
EgyptPresentIIE, 1993
GambiaPresentIIE, 1993
GhanaPresentIIE, 1993
KenyaPresentIIE, 1993; EPPO, 2014
LiberiaPresentIIE, 1993
MadagascarPresentWilliams & Williams, 1988; EPPO, 2014
MalawiPresentIIE, 1993
MauritiusPresentIIE, 1993; EPPO, 2014
MozambiquePresentIIE, 1993
RéunionPresentWilliams & Williams, 1988; EPPO, 2014
SeychellesPresentEPPO, 2014
Sierra LeonePresentIIE, 1993
South AfricaPresentIIE, 1993; EPPO, 2014
TanzaniaPresentIIE, 1993
-ZanzibarPresentIIE, 1993
TogoPresentIIE, 1993
UgandaPresentIIE, 1993
ZambiaPresentIIE, 1993
ZimbabwePresentIIE, 1993

NORTH AMERICA

USAPresent, few occurrencesEPPO, 2014
-FloridaPresentEPPO, 2014

CENTRAL AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN

Antigua and BarbudaPresentIIE, 1993
ArubaPresentSchotman, 1989
BarbadosPresentIIE, 1993; CPPC
British Virgin IslandsPresentSchotman, 1989
Dominican RepublicPresentIIE, 1993; CPPC
GrenadaPresentSchotman, 1989
GuadeloupePresentEPPO, 2014
JamaicaPresentSchotman, 1989
MartiniquePresentSchotman, 1989; EPPO, 2014
Puerto RicoPresentIIE, 1993
Saint LuciaPresentSchotman, 1989
Trinidad and TobagoPresentIIE, 1993; CPPC

SOUTH AMERICA

ArgentinaPresentAmún et al., 2012; EPPO, 2014via alert from PestLens newsletter.
Brazil
-GoiasPresentClaps et al., 2001
-Minas GeraisPresentClaps et al., 2001
-Rio de JaneiroPresentClaps et al., 2001
-Rio Grande do SulPresentClaps et al., 2001
-Sao PauloPresentIIE, 1993
ColombiaPresentIIE, 1993; Kondo, 2001
GuyanaPresentIIE, 1993
SurinamePresentIIE, 1993
VenezuelaPresentIIE, 1993; CPPC

EUROPE

ItalyPresentPorcelli, 1990
PortugalPresentEPPO, 2014
-MadeiraPresentEPPO, 2014

OCEANIA

AustraliaPresentCSIRO, 2001
VanuatuPresentIIE, 1993

Host plants/Plants Affected

Top of page
Plant nameFamilyContext
Carica papaya (pawpaw)CaricaceaeOther
Cinnamomum verum (cinnamon)LauraceaeOther
CitrusRutaceaeOther
Cocos nucifera (coconut)ArecaceaeOther
Cucurbita (pumpkin)CucurbitaceaeOther
DimocarpusSapindaceaeOther
Laurus nobilis (sweet bay)LauraceaeOther
LitseaLauraceaeOther
Mangifera indica (mango)AnacardiaceaeMain
Persea americana (avocado)LauraceaeOther
Pittosporum undulatum (Australian cheesewood)PittosporaceaeOther
Zingiber officinale (ginger)ZingiberaceaeOther

Growth Stages

Top of pageFlowering stage, Fruiting stage, Seedling stage, Vegetative growing stage

List of Symptoms

Top of page
SignLife StagesType

Fruit

discoloration
external feeding
lesions: black or brown

Leaves

abnormal colours

Stems

external feeding

Natural Enemies

Top of page
Natural enemyTypeLife stagesSpecificityReferencesBiological control inBiological control on
Aleurodothrips fasciapennisPredatorAdults/Eggs/Larvae
AphytisParasiteAdults/Larvae
Aphytis hispanicusParasite
Aphytis lingnanensisParasiteAdults/NymphsIndia; Tamil Nadu; Karnatakamangoes
Aphytis mytilaspidisParasiteAdults/Larvae
Arrhenophagus chionaspidisParasiteIndiamangoes
Chilocorus nigritaPredatorAdults/Eggs/Larvae
Cybocephalus binotatusPredatorSouth Africa
Encarsia citrinaParasiteAdults/Larvae
Encarsia fasciataParasite
Pharoscymnus horniPredatorAdults/Nymphs
Pteroptrix koebeleiParasiteAdults/NymphsIndiamangoes
Rhyzobius lophanthaePredatorAdults/Eggs/Larvae/Nymphs/PupaeSouth Africamangoes
Rhyzobius pulchellusPredatorAdults/Eggs/Larvae/Nymphs
Sukunahikona prapawanPredatorAdults/Eggs/Larvae/Nymphs

References

Top of page

Amún C, Claps LE, Bottero MAS, 2012. First record of Aulacaspis tubercularis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) from Argentina. Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, 71(3-4):289-291. http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0373-56802012000200012&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es

Brooks WH, 1992. The control of mango scale. Oil timing and chemical scale control results. Yearbook - South African Mango Growers' Association, 12:45-47; 2 ref.

Burger HC, Ulenberg SA, 1990. Quarantine problems and procedures. In: Rosen D, ed. Armoured Scale Insects, their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. Vol. 4B. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier, 313-327.

Chazeau J, 1979. Sukunahikona prapawan, a new species of Coccinellidae from Melanesia. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 84(5/6):117-121

Claps LE, Wolff VRS, González RH, 2001. Catálogo de las Diaspididae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) exóticas de la Argentina, Brasil y Chile. Revista de la Socieded Entomológica Argentina, 60:9-34.

Cochereau P, 1969. Biological control of Aspidiotus destructor Signoret (Homoptera, Diaspinae) on the island of Vate (New Hebrides) by means of Rhizobius pulchellus Montrouzier (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). Cahiers ORSTOM, Serie Biologie, 8:57-100.

Colyn J, 1993. The South African mango industry. Acta Horticulturae, No. 341:60-68

CSIRO, 2001. World Wide Web page at http://www.ento.csiro.au/aicn.

Cunningham I, 1989. Mango Pests and Disorders. Department of Primary Industries, Queensland Government, Information Series Q, 189007:10-11.

Danzig EM, Pellizzari G, 1998. Diaspididae. In: Kozßr F, ed. Catalogue of Palaearctic Coccoidea. Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Budapest, Hungary: Akaprint Nyomdaipari Kft., 172-370.

EPPO, 2014. PQR database. Paris, France: European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization. http://www.eppo.int/DATABASES/pqr/pqr.htm

Gallardo-Covas F, 1983. Mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) susceptibility to Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Homoptera: Diaspididae) in Puerto Rico. Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 67(2):179

Halteren P van, 1970. Notes on the biology of the scale insect Aulacaspis mangiferae Newst. (Diaspididae, Hemiptera) on mango. Ghana Journal of Agricultural Science, 3:83-85.

IIE, 1993. Distribution Maps of Pests. Series A, No. 540. Wallingford, UK: CAB International.

Labuschagne TI, Froneman IJ, 1992. Potential for the integrated control of the mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead. Yearbook - South African Mango Growers' Association, 12:20-22; 6 ref.

Labuschagne TI, Pasques BP, 1994. Imported parasites of the mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis, and the effect of fenthion on the mango parasitoid, Aspidiotiphagus citrinus. Yearbook - South African Mango Growers' Association, 14:75-77.

Longo S, Marotta S, Pellizzari G, Russo A, Tranfaglia A, 1995. An annotated list of the scale insects (Homoptera: Coccidea) of Italy. Israel Journal of Entomology, 29:113-130.

Pena JE, Mohyuddin AI, Wysoki M, 1997. The current mango pests management in the tropics and subtropics. Acta Horticulturae, No. 455:812-820; 3 pp. of ref.

Porcelli F, 1990. New Italian scales. Frustula Entomologica, 13(26):31-38

Potenza MR, Sato ME, Raga A, Filho MFdeS, 1993. Chemical control of Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Hemiptera, Diaspididae) in mango orchards (mangifera indica L.). Revista de Agricultura (Piracicaba), 68(3):315-322; 15 ref.

Schoeman AS, 1987. First record of a parasitoid of the mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 50(1):259

Schoeman S, 1994. Mass rearing and releases of the effective scale predator Chilocorus nigritus. Inligtingsbulletin - Instituut vir Tropiese en Subtropiese Gewasse, No. 262:15

Schotman CYL, 1989. Plant pests of quarantine importance to the Caribbean. RLAC-PROVEG, No. 21:80 pp.

Silva AGA, Gontalves CR, Galvpo DM, Gontalves AGL, Gomes J, Silva MN, Simoni L, 1968. Quarto catálogo dos insetos que vivem nas plantas do Brasil. Parte II, Tomo 1: Insetos, hospedeiros, inimigos naturais. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: MinistTrio da Agricultura, 622 pp.

Takagi S, 1970. Diaspididae of Taiwan based on material collected in connection with the Japan-U.S. Co-operative Science Programme, 1965. (Homoptera:Coccoidae). Part II. Insecta Matsumurana, 33(1):146 pp.

Takagi S, Faveri Sde, 2009. Notes on scale insects of Aulacaspis associated with mangroves and cycads (Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Diaspididae). Insecta Matsumurana, No.65:101-129.

Tao C, 1999. List of Coccoidea (Homoptera) of China. Taichung, Taiwan: Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Wufeng, 1-176.

Verma SP, Dinabandhoo CL, 2005. Armoured scales (Homoptera: Diaspididae) associated with temperate and subtropical fruit trees in Himachal Pradesh. Acta Horticulturae, 696:423-426. http://www.actahort.org

Viljoen H, 1986. Natural enemies of mango scale. Information Bulletin, Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute, South Africa, No. 164:8-9

Waterhouse DF, 1993. The Major Arthropod Pests and Weeds of Agriculture in Southeast Asia. ACIAR Monograph No. 21. Canberra, Australia: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, 141 pp.

Williams DJ, 1961. Changes in nomenclature affecting some Coccoidea (Homoptera). Entomologists Monthly Magazine 97:92-93.

Williams DJ, Watson GW, 1988. The Scale Insects of the Tropical South Pacific Region. Part 1. The Armoured Scales (Diaspididae). Wallingford, UK: CAB International.

Williams JR, Williams DJ, 1988. Homoptera of the Mascarene Islands - an annotated catalogue. Entomology Memoir, Department of Agriculture and Water Supply, Republic of South Africa, No. 72, 98 pp.

Distribution Maps

Top of page
Distribution map Antigua and Barbuda: Present
IIE, 1993Argentina: Present
Amún et al., 2012; EPPO, 2014Australia: Present
CSIRO, 2001Aruba: Present
Schotman, 1989Barbados: Present
IIE, 1993Barbados: Present
IIE, 1993Benin: Present
IIE, 1993; EPPO, 2014Brazil
See regional map for distribution within the countryBrazil
See regional map for distribution within the countryBrazil
See regional map for distribution within the countryBrazil
See regional map for distribution within the countryBrazil
See regional map for distribution within the countryCôte d'Ivoire: Present
IIE, 1993China
See regional map for distribution within the countryColombia: Present
IIE, 1993Colombia: Present
IIE, 1993Dominican Republic: Present
IIE, 1993Dominican Republic: Present
IIE, 1993Egypt: Present
IIE, 1993Grenada: Present
Schotman, 1989Ghana: Present
IIE, 1993Gambia: Present
IIE, 1993Guadeloupe: Present
EPPO, 2014Guyana: Present
IIE, 1993Guyana: Present
IIE, 1993Indonesia: Present
EPPO, 2014Indonesia: Present
EPPO, 2014Indonesia
See regional map for distribution within the countryIndonesia
See regional map for distribution within the countryIndonesia
See regional map for distribution within the countryIsrael: Present
Danzig & Pellizzari, 1998Israel: Present
Danzig & Pellizzari, 1998India
See regional map for distribution within the countryIndia
See regional map for distribution within the countryIndia
See regional map for distribution within the countryIndia
See regional map for distribution within the countryIndia
See regional map for distribution within the countryIndia
See regional map for distribution within the countryIndia
See regional map for distribution within the countryIndia
See regional map for distribution within the countryIndia
See regional map for distribution within the countryIraq: Present
IIE, 1993Iraq: Present
IIE, 1993Iraq: Present
IIE, 1993Italy: Present
Porcelli, 1990Jamaica: Present
Schotman, 1989Jamaica: Present
Schotman, 1989Japan: Present
Danzig & Pellizzari, 1998Kenya: Present
IIE, 1993; EPPO, 2014Saint Lucia: Present
Schotman, 1989Sri Lanka: Present
IIE, 1993Liberia: Present
IIE, 1993Madagascar: Present
Williams & Williams, 1988; EPPO, 2014Martinique: Present
Schotman, 1989; EPPO, 2014Mauritius: Present
IIE, 1993; EPPO, 2014Malawi: Present
IIE, 1993Malaysia
See regional map for distribution within the countryMalaysia
See regional map for distribution within the countryMozambique: Present
IIE, 1993Philippines: Present
Takagi & Faveri, 2009Philippines: Present
Takagi & Faveri, 2009Pakistan: Present
IIE, 1993Puerto Rico: Present
IIE, 1993Puerto Rico: Present
IIE, 1993Portugal: Present
EPPO, 2014Portugal
See regional map for distribution within the countryPortugal
See regional map for distribution within the countryRéunion: Present
Williams & Williams, 1988; EPPO, 2014Seychelles: Present
EPPO, 2014Sierra Leone: Present
IIE, 1993Suriname: Present
IIE, 1993Suriname: Present
IIE, 1993Togo: Present
IIE, 1993Thailand: Present
Williams & Williams, 1988Trinidad and Tobago: Present
IIE, 1993Trinidad and Tobago: Present
IIE, 1993Taiwan: Present
IIE, 1993Taiwan: Present
IIE, 1993Tanzania: Present
IIE, 1993Tanzania
See regional map for distribution within the countryUganda: Present
IIE, 1993USA: Present, few occurrences
EPPO, 2014USA: Present, few occurrences
EPPO, 2014USA
See regional map for distribution within the countryUSA
See regional map for distribution within the countryVenezuela: Present
IIE, 1993Venezuela: Present
IIE, 1993British Virgin Islands: Present
Schotman, 1989Vietnam: Present
Waterhouse, 1993Vanuatu: Present
IIE, 1993South Africa: Present
IIE, 1993; EPPO, 2014Zambia: Present
IIE, 1993Zimbabwe: Present
IIE, 1993
  • = Present, no further details
  • = Evidence of pathogen
  • = Widespread
  • = Last reported
  • = Localised
  • = Presence unconfirmed
  • = Confined and subject to quarantine
  • = See regional map for distribution within the country
  • = Occasional or few reports
Download KML file Download CSV file
Creative Commons Licence
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

Please click OK to ACCEPT or Cancel to REJECT

Creative Commons Licence
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

Please click OK to ACCEPT or Cancel to REJECT

Distribution map (asia) Hong Kong: PresentIndonesia: Present
EPPO, 2014Java: Present
IIE, 1993; EPPO, 2014Kalimantan: Present
Takagi & Faveri, 2009Israel: Present
Danzig & Pellizzari, 1998Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Present
IIE, 1993Bihar: PresentGujarat: PresentHimachal Pradesh: Present
Verma & Dinabandhoo, 2005Kerala: Present
IIE, 1993Karnataka: Present
IIE, 1993Sikkim: PresentUttar Pradesh: PresentWest Bengal: PresentIraq: Present
IIE, 1993Japan: Present
Danzig & Pellizzari, 1998Sri Lanka: Present
IIE, 1993Peninsular Malaysia: Present
IIE, 1993Sarawak: Present
IIE, 1993Philippines: Present
Takagi & Faveri, 2009Pakistan: Present
IIE, 1993Thailand: Present
Williams & Williams, 1988Taiwan: Present
IIE, 1993Vietnam: Present
Waterhouse, 1993
Distribution map (europe) Iraq: Present
IIE, 1993Italy: Present
Porcelli, 1990Portugal: Present
EPPO, 2014Madeira: Present
EPPO, 2014
Distribution map (africa) Benin: Present
IIE, 1993; EPPO, 2014Côte d'Ivoire: Present
IIE, 1993Egypt: Present
IIE, 1993Ghana: Present
IIE, 1993Gambia: Present
IIE, 1993Israel: Present
Danzig & Pellizzari, 1998Iraq: Present
IIE, 1993Kenya: Present
IIE, 1993; EPPO, 2014Liberia: Present
IIE, 1993Madagascar: Present
Williams & Williams, 1988; EPPO, 2014Mauritius: Present
IIE, 1993; EPPO, 2014Malawi: Present
IIE, 1993Mozambique: Present
IIE, 1993Madeira: Present
EPPO, 2014Réunion: Present
Williams & Williams, 1988; EPPO, 2014Seychelles: Present
EPPO, 2014Sierra Leone: Present
IIE, 1993Togo: Present
IIE, 1993Tanzania: Present
IIE, 1993Zanzibar: Present
IIE, 1993Uganda: Present
IIE, 1993South Africa: Present
IIE, 1993; EPPO, 2014Zambia: Present
IIE, 1993Zimbabwe: Present
IIE, 1993
Distribution map (north america) Dominican Republic: Present
IIE, 1993Jamaica: Present
Schotman, 1989Puerto Rico: Present
IIE, 1993USA: Present, few occurrences
EPPO, 2014Florida: Present
EPPO, 2014
Distribution map (central america) Antigua and Barbuda: Present
IIE, 1993Aruba: Present
Schotman, 1989Barbados: Present
IIE, 1993Colombia: Present
IIE, 1993Dominican Republic: Present
IIE, 1993Grenada: Present
Schotman, 1989Guadeloupe: Present
EPPO, 2014Guyana: Present
IIE, 1993Jamaica: Present
Schotman, 1989Saint Lucia: Present
Schotman, 1989Martinique: Present
Schotman, 1989; EPPO, 2014Puerto Rico: Present
IIE, 1993Suriname: Present
IIE, 1993Trinidad and Tobago: Present
IIE, 1993USA: Present, few occurrences
EPPO, 2014Florida: Present
EPPO, 2014Venezuela: Present
IIE, 1993British Virgin Islands: Present
Schotman, 1989
Distribution map (south america) Argentina: Present
Amún et al., 2012; EPPO, 2014Barbados: Present
IIE, 1993Goias: Present
Claps et al., 2001Minas Gerais: Present
Claps et al., 2001Rio de Janeiro: Present
Claps et al., 2001Rio Grande do Sul: Present
Claps et al., 2001Sao Paulo: Present
IIE, 1993Colombia: Present
IIE, 1993Guyana: Present
IIE, 1993Suriname: Present
IIE, 1993Trinidad and Tobago: Present
IIE, 1993Venezuela: Present
IIE, 1993
Distribution map (pacific) Australia: Present
CSIRO, 2001Indonesia: Present
EPPO, 2014Kalimantan: Present
Takagi & Faveri, 2009Philippines: Present
Takagi & Faveri, 2009Taiwan: Present
IIE, 1993Vanuatu: Present
IIE, 1993