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Datasheet

Anthonomus pomorum (apple blossom weevil)

Summary

  • Last modified
  • 23 March 2017
  • Datasheet Type(s)
  • Pest
  • Preferred Scientific Name
  • Anthonomus pomorum
  • Preferred Common Name
  • apple blossom weevil
  • Taxonomic Tree
  • Domain: Eukaryota
  •     Kingdom: Metazoa
  •         Phylum: Arthropoda
  •             Subphylum: Uniramia
  •                 Class: Insecta

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Pictures

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PictureTitleCaptionCopyright
Apple blossom weevil adult, black-brown in colour and covered with fine grey pubescence.
TitleAdult of A. pomorum (4-5 mm long)
CaptionApple blossom weevil adult, black-brown in colour and covered with fine grey pubescence.
CopyrightAgrEvo
Apple blossom weevil adult, black-brown in colour and covered with fine grey pubescence.
Adult of A. pomorum (4-5 mm long)Apple blossom weevil adult, black-brown in colour and covered with fine grey pubescence.AgrEvo

Identity

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Preferred Scientific Name

  • Anthonomus pomorum (L.)

Preferred Common Name

  • apple blossom weevil

Other Scientific Names

  • Anthonomus icurvus Stephens
  • Curculio pomorum Linnaeus
  • Rhynchaenus pomorum Ol.

International Common Names

  • English: weevil, apple blossom
  • Spanish: antonomo del manzano; gorgojo del manzano; picudo del manzano
  • French: anthonome du pommier
  • Chinese: li hua xiang jia

Local Common Names

  • Denmark: Æblesnudebille
  • Finland: omenankukkakärsäkäs
  • Germany: Apfel Brenner Kaiwurm; Apfelblütenstecher
  • Italy: antonomo del melo
  • Japan: ringo-hana-zomusi
  • Netherlands: Appelbloesemkever; Appelbloesemsnuitkever
  • Norway: eplesnutebille
  • Sweden: Äppleblomvivel
  • Turkey: elma goz kurdu

EPPO code

  • ANTHPO (Anthonomus pomorum)

Taxonomic Tree

Top of page
  • Domain: Eukaryota
  •     Kingdom: Metazoa
  •         Phylum: Arthropoda
  •             Subphylum: Uniramia
  •                 Class: Insecta
  •                     Order: Coleoptera
  •                         Family: Curculionidae
  •                             Genus: Anthonomus
  •                                 Species: Anthonomus pomorum

Distribution Table

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The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.

CountryDistributionLast ReportedOriginFirst ReportedInvasiveReferencesNotes

ASIA

ArmeniaPresentDieckmann, 1968; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
AzerbaijanPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
ChinaPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
-LiaoningPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
-ShandongPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
Georgia (Republic of)PresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
IranPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
JapanPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
KazakhstanPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
Korea, DPRPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
Korea, Republic ofPresentMorimoto, 1992; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
KyrgyzstanPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
LebanonPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
MongoliaPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
SyriaPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
TajikistanPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
TurkeyPresentOnucar & Zumreoglu, 1985; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
TurkmenistanPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
UzbekistanPresentDieckmann, 1968; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014

AFRICA

AlgeriaPresentDieckmann, 1968; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014

NORTH AMERICA

USAAbsent, formerly present1891CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
-OhioAbsent, formerly presentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014

EUROPE

AlbaniaPresentEPPO, 2014
AustriaPresentMiles, 1923; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
BelarusPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
BelgiumPresentPaternotte, 1997; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
BulgariaPresentVasev, 1978; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
CyprusPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
Czech RepublicPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
DenmarkPresentMiles, 1923; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
EstoniaPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
FinlandRestricted distributionCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
FrancePresentRégnier, 1925; Balachowsky & Mesnil, 1935; Huberdeau & Geoffrion, 1995; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
GermanyPresentSpeyer, 1939; Scherf, 1964; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
GreecePresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
HungaryPresentNagy, 1977; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014; Sipos & Marko, 2014
IrelandPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
ItalyPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014; Obstbau & Weinbau, 1995; Rizzoli & Paoli, 1995
LatviaPresentPrieditis, 1975; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
LithuaniaPresentRilishkene & Zayanchkauskas, 1985; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
MoldovaPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
NetherlandsPresentMiles, 1923; Gruys et al., 1980; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
NorwayPresentMiles, 1923; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
PolandPresentKagan & Lewartowski, 1978; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
RomaniaPresentSuta et al., 1976; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
Russian FederationPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
-Central RussiaPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
-Eastern SiberiaPresentEPPO, 2014
-Northern RussiaPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
-Russian Far EastPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
-SiberiaPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002
-Southern RussiaPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
-Western SiberiaPresentEPPO, 2014
SerbiaPresentEPPO, 2014
SlovakiaPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
SloveniaPresentMatis, 2004
SpainPresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
SwedenPresentNordlander, 1977; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
SwitzerlandPresentKlemm, 1936; Wiesmann, 1928; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
UKPresentMiles, 1923; Ormerod, 1890; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
UkrainePresentCABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro)PresentCABI/EPPO, 2002

Host plants/Plants Affected

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Plant nameFamilyContext
Malus domestica (apple)RosaceaeMain
Pyrus communis (European pear)RosaceaeOther

Growth Stages

Top of pageFlowering stage

List of Symptoms

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SignLife StagesType

Inflorescence

external feeding

Leaves

external feeding

Natural Enemies

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Natural enemyTypeLife stagesSpecificityReferencesBiological control inBiological control on
Gregopimpla inquisitorPredator/parasiteLarvae
Pteromalus disparPredator/parasiteLarvae
Pteromalus fasciatusPredator/parasiteLarvae
Pteromalus grandisPredator/parasiteLarvae
Scambus annulatusPredator/parasiteLarvae
Scambus calobatusPredator/parasiteLarvae
Scambus pomorumPredator/parasiteLarvaeTurkeypears
Syrrhizus delusoriusParasite
Triaspis pallipesPredator/parasiteLarvae

References

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Balachowsky A, Mesnil L, 1935. Les Inséctes Nuisables aux plantes cultivées. Vol. 1. Paris, France: Ministry of Agriculture.

Blommers LHM, 1994. Integrated pest management in European apple orchards. Annual Review of Entomology, 39:213-241.

Borisoglebskaya MS, 1975. The apple-blossom weevil. Zashchita Rastenii, 11:61-62.

Brown MW, Szentkiralyi F, Kozar F, 1993. Spatial and temporal variation of apple blossom weevil populations (Col., Curculionidae) with recommendations for sampling. Journal of Applied Entomology, 115(1):8-13.

CABI/EPPO, 2002. Anthonomus pomorum. Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.. 632. Wallingford, UK: CAB International.

Ctvrtecka R, Zdárek J, 1992. Reproductive diapause and its termination in the apple blossom weevil (Anthonomus pomorum) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 89(4):281-286.

Dieckmann L, 1968. Revision des westpalSarktischen Anthonomini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). BeitrSze zur Entomologie, 18:377-564.

Duan JJ, Weber DC, Dorn S, 1998. Flight behavior of pre- and postdiapause apple blossom weevils in relation to ambient temperature. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 88(1):97-99; 12 ref.

Duan JJ, Weber DC, Hirs B, Dorn S, 1996. Spring behavioral patterns of the apple blossom weevil. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 79(1):9-17; 23 ref.

Duan JJ, Weber DC, Hirs B, Dorn S, 1998b. A new character for sex differentiation of adults of Anthonomus pomorum L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Applied Entomology: in press.

EPPO, 2014. PQR database. Paris, France: European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization. http://www.eppo.int/DATABASES/pqr/pqr.htm

Fleckinger J, 1948. Les stades végétatifs des arbres fruitiers en rapport avec les traitements. CongrFs Pomologique de France 79e session: 81-93. France: Société Pomologique de France.

Fowler WW, 1891. The Coleoptera of the British Islands. Volume 5. London, UK: L. Reeve & Co.

Gruys P, 1980. Solved and unsolved problems of integrated control in apple orchards, illustrated by examples from the Netherlands. In: Russ K, Berger H, ed. Proceedings. International symposium of IOBC/WPRS on integrated control in agriculture and forestry. Vienna, 8th-12th October 1979. International Organization for Biological Control of Noxious Animals and Plants, West Palearctic Regional Section. Vienna Austria, 359-364

Huberdeau D, Geoffrion R, 1995. L'anthonome du pommier. Vers un retour des "clous de girofle"? Phytoma, 470:33-35.

Imms AD, 1918. Observations on Pimpla pomorum Ratz., a parasite of the apple blossom weevils. Annals of Applied Entomology, 4:211-217.

Junk W, Schenkling S, 1934. Curculionidae: Anthonomidae: laenosaccinae. In: Schenkling S, ed. Coleopterum catalogus. Berlin Gravenhage, 21-28.

Kagan F, Lewartowski R, 1978. Characteristics of development, intensity of occurrence and noxiousness of the more important pests of fruit trees and small fruits in Poland in 1976. Biuletyn Instytutu Ochrony Roslin, 62:331-421.

Klemm M, 1936. Der gegenwSrtige Stand über die SchSdlichkeit des Apfelblütenstechers (Anthonomus pomonum L.). Zeitschrift für angewandte Entomologie, 23:223-264.

Korchagin VN, 1974. Apple blossom weevil. Zashchita Rastenii, 4:60.

Korchagin VN, 1980. The apple blossom weevil. Zashchita Rastenii, 5:63.

Lagowska B, Winiarska W, 1982. Pasozytnicze blonkowki wyhodowane z larw kwieciaka jablkowca, Anthonomus pomorum L., Zebranych w okolicy Lublina. Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, E-Ochrona-Roslin, 12(1/2):121-126.

Lhoste J, 1975. Results of field tests with pyrethroids used to combat pests of plants. Comptes Rendus des Seances de l'Academie d'Agriculture de France, 61(12):695-701.

Massee AM, 1925. The control of the apple blossom weevil. Journal of Pomology and Horticultural Science, 4(1):24-38.

Matis G, 2004. Features of the protection of apple and pear trees in 2003 and recommendations for 2004. (Znacilnosti varstva jablan in hru?k v letu 2003 in priporocila za leto 2004.) SAD, Revija za Sadjarstvo, Vinogradni?tvo in Vinarstvo, 15(2):3-12.

Miles HW, 1923. Observation on the bionomics of the apple blossom weevil, Anthonomus pomorum Linn. Annals of Applied Biology, 10:348-369.

Miller M, 1956. Agricultural Entomology. Prague, Czech Republic: State Agricultural Publishers, 1056.

Morimoto K, 1992. Curculionidae from Cheju Island, Korea, with descriptions of three new species (Insecta, Coleoptera). Esakia 32:1-18.

Nagy B, 1977. Presence and use of natural food sources of the codling moth (Laspeyresia pomonella L.) in Hungary. Colloques Internationaux du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 211-225.

Nordlander G, 1977. Observations on the insect fauna in apple trees in connection with tests on insecticides for integrated control. Vaxtskyddsnotiser, 41(2):39-48.

Nosyreva RD, 1981. Systematic measures for the protection of fruit trees from pests and diseases. Zashchita Rastenii, No. 11:55-57.

Nowakowski Z, Maciesiak A, Suski ZW, 1977. The effectiveness of some insecticides in the control of the apple blossom weevil (Anthonomus pomorum L.). Prace Instytutu Sadownictwa w Skierniewicach, A, 20:223-228.

Okroshiashvili KK, 1996. The apple blossom weevil. Zashchita i Karantin Rastenii^breve~, No. 3:32.

Onucar A, Zumreoglu A, 1985. Preliminary studies on blossom weevils (Anthonomus spp. Col.: Curculionidae) harmful on fruit trees in the pgean Region. Bitki Koruma Bulteni, 25(3-4):139-149.

Ormerod EA, 1890. A Manual of Injurious Insects with Methods of Prevention and Remedy for Their Attacks to Food Crops, Forest Trees, and Fruit. London, UK: Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co., Ltd., 300-303.

Paternotte E, 1997. Parasites of the apple tree in the prebloom and bloom periods. Fruitteeltnieuws, 10:34-35.

Piekarska-Boniecka H, 1996. Naturalna regulacja kwieciaka jablkowca (Anthonomus pomorum (L.)) przez parazytoidy z rodziny Ichneumonidae w okolicach poznania. Roczniki Akademii Rolniczej w Poznaniu, Ogrodnictwo, 24:49-53.

Price GN, Weighton DM, 1972. Fenitrothion - its place in UK agriculture. Proceedings of the Sixth British Insecticide and Fungicide Conference. Vols. 1, 2 & 3. London, British Crop Protection Council. UK, 408-418.

Prieditis A, 1975. Natural enemies of the apple blossom weevil (Anthonomus pomorum). Augu Aizsardzibas Problemas, No. 84:17-27.

Régnier R, 1925. L'Anthonome du pommier (Anthonomus pomorum L.). Annales des Epiphyties, 11:5-42.

Reijbroek P, 1983. The relation between attack and damage by the apple blossom weevil, Anthonomus pomorum (L.). Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen, Rijksuniversiteit Gent, 48(2):287-291.

Rilishkene MA, Zayanchkauskas PA, 1985. The abundance and harmfulness of the apple-blossom weevil in orchards of the Lithuanian SSR in 1967-1983. Acta Entomologica Lituanica, 8:70-77; [2 fig.]; 15 ref.

Rizzolli W, Paoli N, 1995. Apple blossom-piercing weevil - termination of treatment decisive. Obstbau Weinbau, 32(2):47-48.

Schenkling S, Marshall GAK, 1934. Curculionidae: Anthonomidae, Laemosaccinae. In: Junk W, Schenkling S, eds. Coleopterorum Catalogus, Berlin Gravenhage, 21-28.

Scherf H, 1964. Die Entwicklungsstadien der mitteleuropSischen Curculioniden (Morphologie, Bionomie, +kologie). Frankfurt, Germany: Verlag Waldemar Kramer, 159-160.

Sipos P, Marko V, 2014. Apple blossom weevil in organic apple orchards in Hungary and the possible control methods. (A bimbólikasztó bogár (Anthonomus pomorum) helyzete ökológiai almaültetvényekben, valamint a környezetkímélodouble acute~ védekezés lehetodouble acute~ségei.) Növényvédelem, 50(3):105-113.

Speyer W, 1939. Biologie und BekSmpfung des Apfelblütenstechers (Anthonomus pomorum L.). Arbeiten über physiologische und angewandte Entomologie aus Berlin-Dahlem, 6(3):286-306.

Stanenite AP, 1984. Eighteen species of Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea new to the Lithuanian SSR, found in 19681983. Novye i redkie dlya Litovskoi SSR vidy nasekomykh. Soobshcheniya i opisaniya 1984 goda [edited by Ionaitis, V.] Vilnius, USSR; Institut Zoologii i Parazitologii Akademii Nauk Litovskoi SSR, 41-50

Suta V, Minoiu N, Szekely I, Novac N, Lefter G, Isac M, Amzar V, Marinescu V, Tetileanu C, Breban S, Simeria G, Popescu C, Popescu P, Postalnicu T, Ghitescu A, 1976. Release in production of the scientific results on the biology, ecology and control of the diseases and pests of apple trees. Probleme de Protectia Plantelor, 4:245-257.

Tret'yakov NN, 1984. The distribution of the apple weevil and the apple sucker in orchards. Zashchita Rasteni, 9:42-43.

Tret'yakov NN, 1991. Optimisation of a method of calculating losses in yield caused by the apple blossom weevil. Vestnik Sel'skokhozyaistvennoi Nauki (Moskva), No. 2:113-116

Troitzky, NN, 1928. Die Fberwinterung des Apfelblütenstechers (Anthonomus pomorum L.). Anzeiger für SchSdlingskunde, 8:103-109.

Vasev A, 1978. Assessment of damage and loss caused by apple pests. Gradinarska i Lozarska Nauka, 15(7/8):61-71.

Wiesmann R, 1928. Untersuchungen zur Biologie und BekSmpfung des Apfelblütenstechers. WSdenswil, Switzerland: Schweizerisch Zeitschrift fur Obst- und Weinbau, 480-492.

Wildbolz T, 1992. Pest situations in orchards evolving: natural and man made factors. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 27(1-4):669-678.

Zizp JP, Blommers LHM, 1992. Syrrhizus delusorius and Scambus pomorum, two parasitoids of the apple blossom weevil. Proceedings of the Section Experimental and Applied Entomology of the Netherlands Entomological Society, No. 3:46-50.

Distribution Maps

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Distribution map Albania: Present
EPPO, 2014Armenia: Present
Dieckmann, 1968; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Armenia: Present
Dieckmann, 1968; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Austria: Present
Miles, 1923; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Azerbaijan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Azerbaijan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Belgium: Present
Paternotte, 1997; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Bulgaria: Present
Vasev, 1978; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Belarus: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Switzerland: Present
Klemm, 1936; Wiesmann, 1928; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014China: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014China: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014China
See regional map for distribution within the countryChina
See regional map for distribution within the countryCyprus: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Cyprus: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Czech Republic: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Germany: Present
Speyer, 1939; Scherf, 1964; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Denmark: Present
Miles, 1923; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Algeria: Present
Dieckmann, 1968; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Algeria: Present
Dieckmann, 1968; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Estonia: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Spain: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Spain: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Finland: Restricted distribution
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014France: Present
Régnier, 1925; Balachowsky & Mesnil, 1935; Huberdeau & Geoffrion, 1995; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014UK: Present
Miles, 1923; ; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Georgia (Republic of): Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Georgia (Republic of): Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Greece: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Greece: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Hungary: Present
Nagy, 1977; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014; Sipos & Marko, 2014Ireland: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Iran: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Iran: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Iran: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Italy: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Japan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Kyrgyzstan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Korea, DPR: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Korea, Republic of: Present
Morimoto, 1992; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Kazakhstan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Kazakhstan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Lebanon: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Lebanon: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Lebanon: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Lithuania: Present
Rilishkene & Zayanchkauskas, 1985; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Latvia: Present
Prieditis, 1975; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Moldova: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Mongolia: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Netherlands: Present
Miles, 1923; Gruys et al., 1980; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Norway: Present
Miles, 1923; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Poland: Present
Kagan & Lewartowski, 1978; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Romania: Present
Suta et al., 1976; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Serbia: Present
EPPO, 2014Russian Federation: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Russian Federation: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Russian Federation
See regional map for distribution within the countryRussian Federation
See regional map for distribution within the countryRussian Federation
See regional map for distribution within the countryRussian Federation
See regional map for distribution within the countryRussian Federation
See regional map for distribution within the countryRussian Federation
See regional map for distribution within the countryRussian Federation
See regional map for distribution within the countrySweden: Present
Nordlander, 1977; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Slovenia: Present
Matis, 2004Slovakia: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Syria: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Syria: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Syria: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Tajikistan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Turkmenistan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Turkey: Present
Onucar & Zumreoglu, 1985; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Turkey: Present
Onucar & Zumreoglu, 1985; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Turkey: Present
Onucar & Zumreoglu, 1985; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Ukraine: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Ukraine: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Uzbekistan: Present
Dieckmann, 1968; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro): Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002
  • = Present, no further details
  • = Evidence of pathogen
  • = Widespread
  • = Last reported
  • = Localised
  • = Presence unconfirmed
  • = Confined and subject to quarantine
  • = See regional map for distribution within the country
  • = Occasional or few reports
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Distribution map (asia) Armenia: Present
Dieckmann, 1968; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Azerbaijan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014China: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Liaoning: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Shandong: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Georgia (Republic of): Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Iran: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Japan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Kyrgyzstan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Korea, DPR: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Korea, Republic of: Present
Morimoto, 1992; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Kazakhstan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Lebanon: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Mongolia: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Russian Federation: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Syria: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Tajikistan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Turkmenistan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Turkey: Present
Onucar & Zumreoglu, 1985; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Ukraine: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Uzbekistan: Present
Dieckmann, 1968; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
Distribution map (europe) Albania: Present
EPPO, 2014Armenia: Present
Dieckmann, 1968; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Austria: Present
Miles, 1923; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Azerbaijan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Belgium: Present
Paternotte, 1997; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Bulgaria: Present
Vasev, 1978; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Belarus: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Switzerland: Present
Klemm, 1936; Wiesmann, 1928; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Cyprus: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Czech Republic: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Germany: Present
Speyer, 1939; Scherf, 1964; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Denmark: Present
Miles, 1923; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Algeria: Present
Dieckmann, 1968; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Estonia: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Spain: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Finland: Restricted distribution
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014France: Present
Régnier, 1925; Balachowsky & Mesnil, 1935; Huberdeau & Geoffrion, 1995; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014UK: Present
Miles, 1923; ; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Georgia (Republic of): Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Greece: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Hungary: Present
Nagy, 1977; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014; Sipos & Marko, 2014Ireland: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Iran: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Italy: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Kazakhstan: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Lebanon: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Lithuania: Present
Rilishkene & Zayanchkauskas, 1985; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Latvia: Present
Prieditis, 1975; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Moldova: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Netherlands: Present
Miles, 1923; Gruys et al., 1980; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Norway: Present
Miles, 1923; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Poland: Present
Kagan & Lewartowski, 1978; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Romania: Present
Suta et al., 1976; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Serbia: Present
EPPO, 2014Russian Federation: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Central Russia: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Eastern Siberia: Present
EPPO, 2014Russian Far East: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Northern Russia: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Siberia: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002Southern Russia: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Western Siberia: Present
EPPO, 2014Sweden: Present
Nordlander, 1977; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Slovenia: Present
Matis, 2004Slovakia: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Syria: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Turkey: Present
Onucar & Zumreoglu, 1985; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Ukraine: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro): Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002
Distribution map (africa) Cyprus: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Algeria: Present
Dieckmann, 1968; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Spain: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Greece: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Iran: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Lebanon: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Syria: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014Turkey: Present
Onucar & Zumreoglu, 1985; CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014
Distribution map (north america)
Distribution map (central america)
Distribution map (south america)
Distribution map (pacific) China: Present
CABI/EPPO, 2002; EPPO, 2014