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Datasheet

Lopholeucaspis japonica (Japanese baton shaped scale)

Summary

  • Last modified
  • 20 January 2015
  • Datasheet Type(s)
  • Pest
  • Preferred Scientific Name
  • Lopholeucaspis japonica
  • Preferred Common Name
  • Japanese baton shaped scale
  • Taxonomic Tree
  • Domain: Eukaryota
  •     Kingdom: Metazoa
  •         Phylum: Arthropoda
  •             Subphylum: Uniramia
  •                 Class: Insecta

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Pictures

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PictureTitleCaptionCopyright
(1) female shield, (2) female puparium, (3) oviposition in puparium, (4) ventral view of female, (5) male, (6) larva I, (7) female pygidium, (8) scale colony on pear, (9) scale colony on pear branch.
TitleArtwork of life history
Caption(1) female shield, (2) female puparium, (3) oviposition in puparium, (4) ventral view of female, (5) male, (6) larva I, (7) female pygidium, (8) scale colony on pear, (9) scale colony on pear branch.
CopyrightMinistry of Agriculture, Moscow
(1) female shield, (2) female puparium, (3) oviposition in puparium, (4) ventral view of female, (5) male, (6) larva I, (7) female pygidium, (8) scale colony on pear, (9) scale colony on pear branch.
Artwork of life history(1) female shield, (2) female puparium, (3) oviposition in puparium, (4) ventral view of female, (5) male, (6) larva I, (7) female pygidium, (8) scale colony on pear, (9) scale colony on pear branch.Ministry of Agriculture, Moscow

Identity

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Preferred Scientific Name

  • Lopholeucaspis japonica (Cockerell, 1897)

Preferred Common Name

  • Japanese baton shaped scale

Other Scientific Names

  • Fiorinia japonica
  • Leucaspis japonica Cockerell
  • Leucaspis japonica var. darwinensis Green (1916)
  • Leucodiaspis hydrangeae Takahashi (1934)
  • Leucodiaspis japonica (Cockerell) Takahashi (1934)
  • Lopholeucaspis japonica (Cockerell) Balachowsky (1953)
  • Lopholeucaspis menoni Borchsenius (1964)

International Common Names

  • English: Japanese long scale; Japanese maple scale; pear white scale
  • French: kermès japonais
  • Russian: Yaponskaya palochkovidnaya shchitovka

Local Common Names

  • Japan: nasi-siro-nagakaigaramusi

EPPO code

  • LOPLJA (Lopholeucaspis japonica)

Taxonomic Tree

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  • Domain: Eukaryota
  •     Kingdom: Metazoa
  •         Phylum: Arthropoda
  •             Subphylum: Uniramia
  •                 Class: Insecta
  •                     Order: Hemiptera
  •                         Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
  •                             Superfamily: Coccoidea
  •                                 Family: Diaspididae
  •                                     Genus: Lopholeucaspis
  •                                         Species: Lopholeucaspis japonica

Distribution Table

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The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.

CountryDistributionLast ReportedOriginFirst ReportedInvasiveReferencesNotes

ASIA

AzerbaijanPresentCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
BangladeshPresentNHM, 1961
ChinaWidespreadCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-AnhuiWidespreadCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-FujianWidespreadCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-GuangdongRestricted distributionCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-GuangxiRestricted distributionCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-HubeiWidespreadCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-HunanRestricted distributionCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-JiangsuWidespreadCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-JiangxiWidespreadCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-ShanxiPresentXie, 1982
-SichuanWidespreadCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-YunnanRestricted distributionCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-ZhejiangWidespreadCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
Georgia (Republic of)Restricted distributionCAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014
IndiaRestricted distributionCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-Andhra PradeshPresentEPPO, 2014
-DelhiPresentNHM, 1969
-KarnatakaPresentNHM, 1982
-Uttar PradeshPresentCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014; NHM, 1982
IranPresentCAB European, 1998; Davidson & Miller, 1990; EPPO, 2014
JapanWidespreadCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-HokkaidoWidespreadCAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014
-HonshuWidespreadCAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014
-KyushuWidespreadCAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014
-ShikokuWidespreadCAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014
Korea, DPRPresentCAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014
Korea, Republic ofPresentCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
MyanmarAbsent, unreliable recordEPPO, 2014
PakistanPresentCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014; NHM 1962, 1967; NHM 1962, 1975
TaiwanRestricted distributionCAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014
TurkeyPresentEPPO, 2014

NORTH AMERICA

USARestricted distributionCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-ConnecticutPresentCAB European, 1998; Kosztarab, 1996; EPPO, 2014
-DelawarePresentKosztarab, 1996
-District of ColumbiaPresentKosztarab, 1996
-GeorgiaPresentMiller, 1985
-MarylandPresent, few occurrencesCAB European, 1998; Kosztarab, 1996; EPPO, 2014
-New JerseyPresentKosztarab, 1996
-New YorkPresentKosztarab, 1996
-North CarolinaPresentMiller, 1985
-PennsylvaniaPresentKosztarab, 1996
-Rhode IslandPresentKosztarab, 1996
-South CarolinaPresentMiller, 1985
-VirginiaPresentKosztarab, 1996

SOUTH AMERICA

BrazilAbsent, unreliable recordEPPO, 2014

EUROPE

CroatiaPresentMilek & Simala, 2013
GermanyAbsent, invalid recordEPPO, 2014
GreecePresentEPPO, 2014
NetherlandsAbsent, confirmed by surveyEPPO, 2014; NPPO of the Netherlands, 2013
Russian FederationRestricted distributionCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-Russian Far EastPresentYasnosh, 1994; CAB European, 1998; Danzig & Pellizzari, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-Southern RussiaRestricted distributionCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
SlovakiaAbsent, intercepted onlyCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
UkraineRestricted distributionCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014

OCEANIA

AustraliaAbsent, formerly present1916CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
-Australian Northern TerritoryAbsent, formerly presentCAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014

Host plants/Plants Affected

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Plant nameFamilyContext
Acer (maples)AceraceaeOther
Alnus (alders)BetulaceaeOther
Betula (birches)BetulaceaeOther
CamelliaTheaceaeOther
CitrusRutaceaeMain
Cornus (Dogwood)CornaceaeOther
Cytisus spp.FabaceaeOther
Diospyros kaki (persimmon)EbenaceaeOther
FicusMoraceaeOther
Ilex (Holly)AquifoliaceaeOther
Laurus nobilis (sweet bay)LauraceaeOther
Ligustrum (privet)OleaceaeOther
MagnoliaMagnoliaceaeOther
Malus domestica (apple)RosaceaeOther
PeonyOther
Philadelphus coronarius (mock orange)HydrangeaceaeOther
Poncirus trifoliata (Trifoliate orange)RutaceaeOther
Prunus avium (sweet cherry)RosaceaeOther
Pyracantha (Firethorn)RosaceaeOther
Pyrus communis (European pear)RosaceaeOther
Rosa spp.RosaceaeOther
Tilia (limes)TiliaceaeOther
Ulmus (elms)UlmaceaeOther

Growth Stages

Top of pageFlowering stage, Fruiting stage, Post-harvest, Vegetative growing stage

List of Symptoms

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SignLife StagesType

Fruit

external feeding

Leaves

abnormal leaf fall
external feeding
yellowed or dead

Stems

dieback
external feeding

Whole plant

early senescence
plant dead; dieback

Natural Enemies

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Natural enemyTypeLife stagesSpecificityReferencesBiological control inBiological control on
Aphytis hispanicusParasite
Aschersonia sp.Pathogen
Chilocorus bijugusPredatorAdults/Nymphs
Marlattiella primaParasiteAdults/Nymphs
Pteroptrix chinensisParasiteAdults/NymphsUSSR

Plant Trade

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Plant parts liable to carry the pest in trade/transportPest stagesBorne internallyBorne externallyVisibility of pest or symptoms
Barkadults; eggs; larvae; nymphs; pupaeYesYesPest or symptoms not visible to the naked eye but usually visible under light microscope
Stems (above ground), Shoots, Trunks, Branchesadults; eggs; larvae; nymphs; pupaeYesYesPest or symptoms not visible to the naked eye but usually visible under light microscope
Plant parts not known to carry the pest in trade/transport
Bulbs, Tubers, Corms, Rhizomes
Growing medium accompanying plants
Roots
Seedlings, Micropropagated plants
True seeds (inc. grain)
Wood

References

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Alan MN, Katsitadze MG, 1974. The effectiveness of Amiphos and Cyanox against pests of sub-tropical crops. Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve, 12:42.

Balachowsky AS, 1958. Les cochenilles du continent Africain noir. Vol. II - Aspidiotini (2me partie), Odonaspidini et Parlatorini. Annales du MusTe Royal du Congo Belge, Tervuren (N.S. in 4o) 4:149-356.

Bienkowski AO, 1993. Morphology and systematics of the adult male of Lopholeucaspis japonica (Cockerell) (Coccinea Diaspididae). Russian Entomological Journal, 2(2):25-29; 7 ref.

CABI/EPPO, 1998. Distribution maps of quarantine pests for Europe (edited by Smith IM, Charles LMF). Wallingford, UK: CAB International, xviii + 768 pp.

Chanyuvadze HF, 1976. The Indian Chilocorus - a predator of diaspine scales. Zashchita Rastenii, No. 4:51

Dale PS, Maddison PA, 1984. Transport services as an aid to insect dispersal in the South Pacific. In: Laird M, ed. Commerce and the spread of pests and disease vectors. New York, USA: Prpger Publishers, 225-256

Dantsig EM, 1993. Fauna of Russia and neighbouring countries. Rhynchota, Volume X: suborder scale insects (Coccinea): families Phoenicococcidae and Diaspididae. St Petersburg, Russia; Nauka, S.-Peterburgskoe Otdelenie, 452 pp.

Danzig EM, 1980. Coccids of the far-eastern USSR. Leningrad, Russia: Nauka. English translation, 1986. United States Department of Agriculture. New Delhi, India: Amerind Publishing Co.

Danzig EM, Pellizzari G, 1998. Diaspididae. In: Kozßr F, ed. Catalogue of Palaearctic Coccoidea. Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Budapest, Hungary: Akaprint Nyomdaipari Kft., 172-370.

Davidson JA, Miller DR, 1990. Ornamental plants. In: Rosen D, ed. Armoured Scale Insects, their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. Vol. 4B. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier, 603-632.

EPPO, 2014. PQR database. Paris, France: European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization. http://www.eppo.int/DATABASES/pqr/pqr.htm

Izhevskii SS, 1983. Status and tasks of introduction and acclimatisation of natural enemies of quarantine and particularly dangerous pests. Zashchita Rastenii, 10:35-37.

Konstantinova GM, 1992. The Japanese scale. Zashchita Rastenii^breve~ (Moskva), No. 7:43-45.

Konstantinova GM, Gura NA, 1986. Harmful coccids (Homoptera: Coccinea) and their quarantine importance. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria "Filippo Silvestri", Italy, 43(Supplement):161-165

Kosztarab M, 1996. Scale Insects of North Eastern North America: identification, biology, and distribution. Martinsville, USA: Virginia Museum of Natural History, 650 pp.

Kozarzheveskaia EF, 1956. Biology of Leucaspis japonica Cockerell in Abkhazie, Caucasus. Entomologicheskoie Obozrenie, 35:302-310.

Kukhtina AV, 1970. Lopholeucaspis japonica. In: Spravochnik po Karantinnym I Drugim Opasnym Vreditelyam, Boleznyam I Sornym Rasteniyam. Moscow, Russia: Kolos.

Milek TM, Simala M, 2013. Scale insects on Japanese holly with the emphasis on Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli (Cooly, 1897). (Stitaste usi Japanske bozikovine, s naglaskom na Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli (Cooly, 1897) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae).) Glasilo Biljne Zastite, 13(3):215-222. http://www.hdbz.hr

Miller DR, 1985. Superfamily Coccoidea. Scale Insects. In: Drooz AT, ed., Insects of eastern forests. US Department of Agriculture Forest Service Miscellaneous Publication, Washington, DC, 1426: 87-123.

Murakami Y, 1970. A review of biology and ecology of diaspine scales in Japan (Homoptera: Coccoidea). MUSHI, 43(7):65-114.

Orlinskii AD, 1990. Express method of counting arthropods on citrus. Zashchita Rastenii (Moskva), No. 2:28-29

Pellizzari G, Vettorazzo M, 1999. Interception of Lopholeucaspis japonica on bonsai imported from China. Informatore Fitopatologico, 49(10):17-18; 15 ref.

Schmutterer H, 1959. SchildlSuse oder Coccoidea. 1. DeckelschildlSuse oder Diaspididae. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands und der angrenzenden Meeresteile. Vol. 45. Jena, Germany: Fischer.

Shumova NN, 1970. Spravochnik po karantinnym i drugim opasnym vreditelyam, boleznyam I sornym rasteniyam. Moscow, Russia: Kolos.

Tabatadze ES, Yasnosh VA, Vacante V, 1997. Control measures of Lopholeucaspis japonica Cockerell (Homoptera: Coccinea) through integrated citrus pest management. In: Integrated Control of Citrus Fruit Crops. Proceedings of the meeting held at Florence, Italy, 29 August 1996. Bulletin OILB SROP, 20:45-51.

Xie Y, 1982. The scale insects of the forest and fruit trees in Shanxi of China. China Forestry Publishing House, 147 pp.

Yasnosh VA, 1986. Integrated control of scale insects in citrus groves in USSR. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria "Filippo Silvestri", Italy, 43(Supplement):229-234

Yasnosh VA, 1994. Two new species of aphelinids (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae) from the southern Primor'e. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 73(4):902-905

Yasnosh VA, Tabatadze ES, 1997. Fungi of the genus Aschersonia (Deuteromycetes) - a new entomopathogen of armoured scale insect in the Republic of Georgia. Mikologiya i Fitopatologiya, 31(6):59-63; 13 ref.

Zheng JinTu, Xia YiQiu, Zhou YueYi, 1993. Forecasting the optimum control date for the first generation of pear white scale with the comprehensive correlation method. China Tea, 15(1):14-15.

Distribution Maps

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Distribution map Azerbaijan: Present
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Azerbaijan: Present
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Bangladesh: PresentChina: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014China: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014China
See regional map for distribution within the countryChina
See regional map for distribution within the countryChina
See regional map for distribution within the countryChina
See regional map for distribution within the countryChina
See regional map for distribution within the countryChina
See regional map for distribution within the countryChina
See regional map for distribution within the countryChina
See regional map for distribution within the countryChina
See regional map for distribution within the countryChina
See regional map for distribution within the countryChina
See regional map for distribution within the countryChina
See regional map for distribution within the countryGeorgia (Republic of): Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014Georgia (Republic of): Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014Greece: Present
EPPO, 2014Greece: Present
EPPO, 2014Croatia: Present
Milek & Simala, 2013India: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014India
See regional map for distribution within the countryIndia
See regional map for distribution within the countryIndia
See regional map for distribution within the countryIndia
See regional map for distribution within the countryIran: Present
CAB European, 1998; Davidson & Miller, 1990; EPPO, 2014Iran: Present
CAB European, 1998; Davidson & Miller, 1990; EPPO, 2014Iran: Present
CAB European, 1998; Davidson & Miller, 1990; EPPO, 2014Japan: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Japan
See regional map for distribution within the countryJapan
See regional map for distribution within the countryJapan
See regional map for distribution within the countryJapan
See regional map for distribution within the countryKorea, DPR: Present
CAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014Korea, Republic of: Present
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Pakistan: Present
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Russian Federation: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Russian Federation: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Russian Federation
See regional map for distribution within the countryRussian Federation
See regional map for distribution within the countryTurkey: Present
EPPO, 2014Turkey: Present
EPPO, 2014Turkey: Present
EPPO, 2014Taiwan: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014Taiwan: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014Ukraine: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Ukraine: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014USA: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014USA: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014USA
See regional map for distribution within the countryUSA
See regional map for distribution within the countryUSA
See regional map for distribution within the countryUSA
See regional map for distribution within the countryUSA
See regional map for distribution within the countryUSA
See regional map for distribution within the countryUSA
See regional map for distribution within the countryUSA
See regional map for distribution within the countryUSA
See regional map for distribution within the countryUSA
See regional map for distribution within the countryUSA
See regional map for distribution within the countryUSA
See regional map for distribution within the country
  • = Present, no further details
  • = Evidence of pathogen
  • = Widespread
  • = Last reported
  • = Localised
  • = Presence unconfirmed
  • = Confined and subject to quarantine
  • = See regional map for distribution within the country
  • = Occasional or few reports
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Distribution map (asia) Azerbaijan: Present
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Bangladesh: PresentChina: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Anhui: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Fujian: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Guangdong: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Guangxi: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Hubei: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Hunan: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Jiangsu: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Jiangxi: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Sichuan: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Shanxi: Present
Xie, 1982Yunnan: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Zhejiang: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Georgia (Republic of): Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014India: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Andhra Pradesh: Present
EPPO, 2014Delhi: PresentKarnataka: PresentUttar Pradesh: Present
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Iran: Present
CAB European, 1998; Davidson & Miller, 1990; EPPO, 2014Japan: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Hokkaido: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014Honshu: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014Kyushu: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014Shikoku: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014Korea, DPR: Present
CAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014Korea, Republic of: Present
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Pakistan: Present
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Russian Federation: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Turkey: Present
EPPO, 2014Taiwan: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014Ukraine: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
Distribution map (europe) Azerbaijan: Present
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Georgia (Republic of): Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014Greece: Present
EPPO, 2014Croatia: Present
Milek & Simala, 2013Iran: Present
CAB European, 1998; Davidson & Miller, 1990; EPPO, 2014Russian Federation: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Russian Far East: Present
Yasnosh, 1994; CAB European, 1998; Danzig & Pellizzari, 1998; EPPO, 2014Southern Russia: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Turkey: Present
EPPO, 2014Ukraine: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
Distribution map (africa) Greece: Present
EPPO, 2014Iran: Present
CAB European, 1998; Davidson & Miller, 1990; EPPO, 2014Turkey: Present
EPPO, 2014
Distribution map (north america) USA: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Connecticut: Present
CAB European, 1998; Kosztarab, 1996; EPPO, 2014District of Columbia: Present
Kosztarab, 1996Delaware: Present
Kosztarab, 1996Georgia: Present
Miller, 1985Maryland: Present, few occurrences
CAB European, 1998; Kosztarab, 1996; EPPO, 2014North Carolina: Present
Miller, 1985New Jersey: Present
Kosztarab, 1996New York: Present
Kosztarab, 1996Pennsylvania: Present
Kosztarab, 1996Rhode Island: Present
Kosztarab, 1996South Carolina: Present
Miller, 1985Virginia: Present
Kosztarab, 1996
Distribution map (central america) USA: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014
Distribution map (south america)
Distribution map (pacific) China: Widespread
CAB European, 1998; EPPO, 2014Taiwan: Restricted distribution
CAB European, 1998; Danzig, 1980; EPPO, 2014