| Abrus precatorius (rosary pea) | | Yes | Yes | Motooka et al., 2003; Padua et al., 1999; Weber, 2003 |
| Abutilon hirtum (Indian mallow) | Sold over the internet as an ornamental plant. | Yes | Yes | |
| Abutilon indicum (country mallow) | Sold an ornamental plant on Internet and nurseries | Yes | Yes | |
| Acacia angustissima (prairie acacia) | Used as an ornamental and for ground cover | Yes | Yes | Lloyd-Reilley, 2011 |
| Acacia glauca (wild dividivi) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Acacia longifolia (golden wattle) | Valued as an ornamental in California. | | Yes | Dreistadt & Hagen, 1994 |
| Acacia mearnsii (black wattle) | | Yes | Yes | Wiersum, 1991 |
| Acacia saligna (Port Jackson wattle) | Spread as a street tree | Yes | Yes | Cronk & Fuller, 1995 |
| Acer rufinerve (grey snake-bark maple) | Deliberately planted in parks and gardens | Yes | Yes | |
| Achillea millefolium (yarrow) | Ornamental cultivars available at nurseries and internet sites | Yes | Yes | Mitich, 1990 |
| Adenostoma fasciculatum (chamise) | | | Yes | |
| Agdestis clematidea (rockroot) | | Yes | Yes | Vickery, 2009 |
| Ageratina riparia (mistflower) | | Yes | | |
| Ageratum conyzoides (billy goat weed) | Used as an ornamental over its range. | Yes | Yes | PROTA, 2016 |
| Ageratum houstonianum (blue billygoat weed) | Used as ornamental and for landscaping, sold at nurseries. | | Yes | Thoden et al., 2009 |
| Agrostis capillaris (common bent) | lawn grass | Yes | | |
| Ailanthus altissima (tree-of-heaven) | Frequent, deliberate | Yes | Yes | Kowarik & Säumel, 2007 |
| Akebia quinata (five-leaf akebia) | Intentional introduction | Yes | | ISSG, 2012; USDA-ARS, 2013 |
| Aleurotrachelus atratus (palm-infesting whitefly) | | Yes | | |
| Allamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda) | Commonly planted in parks, gardens, and yards | Yes | Yes | Francis, 2000 |
| Alocasia macrorrhizos (giant taro) | | Yes | Yes | Manner, 2011 |
| Alopochen aegyptiaca (Egyptian goose) | | Yes | | Lever, 2005 |
| Alpinia purpurata (red ginger) | | Yes | Yes | Acevedo-Rodríguez & Strong, 2005 |
| Alpinia zerumbet (shell ginger) | | Yes | Yes | Ibrahim, 2001 |
| Alternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed) | Used as aquarium plant and ornamental aquatic plant | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 2016 |
| Alternanthera sessilis (sessile joyweed) | Planted in water-gardens | Yes | Yes | Holm et al., 1997 |
| Ameiurus melas (black bullhead) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Amelanchier spicata (dwarf serviceberry) | | | Yes | Kabuce, 2006 |
| Ampelopsis arborea (peppervine) | Used as ground cover, for walls, fences and trellises | Yes | Yes | Kimbrough, 2008; Wildflower Center, 2016 |
| Andropogon glomeratus (bushy bluestem) | This species is ia popular ornamental | Yes | Yes | Wolfe & Zajicek, 1998 |
| Anethum graveolens (dill) | | Yes | Yes | Missouri Botanical Garden, 2015; PFAF, 2015 |
| Anredera baselloides (Madeira vine) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Anredera cordifolia (Madeira vine) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Anser indicus (bar-headed goose) | | Yes | | Banks et al., 2008 |
| Antigonon leptopus (coral vine) | Planted as a garden ornamental | Yes | Yes | Burke & DiTommaso, 2011 |
| Ardisia crenata (coral berry) | International trade as an ornamental species has resulted in global spread | Yes | Yes | Niu et al., 2012 |
| Ardisia elliptica (shoebutton ardisia) | | Yes | | PIER, 2009 |
| Argemone mexicana (Mexican poppy) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Aristolochia elegans (elegant Dutchman’s pipe) | Occurs beyond native South American range in places where it is cultivated in gardens | Yes | Yes | Flora of Pakistan, 2015; Weeds of Australia, 2015 |
| Aristolochia ringens (Dutchman’s pipe) | Has been intentionally introduced beyond its native range for use as an ornamental | Yes | Yes | |
| Aronia x prunifolia | | Yes | Yes | |
| Arrhenatherum elatius (false oat-grass) | Grown and sold as an ornamental | Yes | Yes | Hodgson, 2005 |
| Arthurdendyus triangulatus (New Zealand flatworm) | Associated with botanic gardens | Yes | | Boag et al., 1994a; Willis & Edwards, 1977 |
| Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit) | Planted as shade tree in gardens | Yes | Yes | Ragone, 2006 |
| Arundo donax (giant reed) | | Yes | Yes | Dudley, 2000 |
| Asparagus asparagoides (bridal creeper) | | Yes | Yes | Brookes & Barley, 1992; Mulvaney, 1991 |
| Asparagus densiflorus (asparagus fern) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Averrhoa carambola (carambola) | | Yes | Yes | Burger, 1991 |
| Baccharis pilularis (coyote brush) | | Yes | | |
| Bambusa bambos (giant thorny bamboo) | | Yes | Yes | Duriyaprapan & Jansen, 1995 |
| Bambusa vulgaris (common bamboo) | | Yes | Yes | Dransfield & Widjaja, 1995 |
| Barleria cristata (Philippine violet) | Widely moved by humans and cultivated as ornamental | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 2015 |
| Barleria lupulina (hophead Philippine violet) | Widely spread by humans as ornamental planting | Yes | Yes | Smith, 2002 |
| Barleria prionitis (porcupine flower) | Widely spread by humans as ornamental planting | Yes | | Francis, 2004 |
| Barringtonia asiatica (sea poison tree) | Grown along streets for decorative and shade purposes in some parts of India | Yes | Yes | Flowers of India, 2014 |
| Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) | | Yes | Yes | Daszak et al., 1999; Groff et al., 1991 |
| Bauhinia purpurea (purple bauhinia) | Planted for showy flowers | Yes | Yes | Orwa et al., 2009 |
| Bauhinia tomentosa (yellow bauhinia) | Widely cultivated as ornamental | Yes | Yes | Orwa et al., 2009 |
| Bauhinia variegata (mountain ebony) | | Yes | Yes | Smith, 2010 |
| Bidens frondosa (beggarticks) | | Yes | Yes | Danuso et al., 2012 |
| Bocconia frutescens (plume poppy) | Cultivated as an ornamental | Yes | Yes | DavesGarden, 2013; Riffle, 1998 |
| Brachypodium sylvaticum (slender false brome) | Not documented but possible | Yes | Yes | |
| Branta canadensis (Canada goose) | | | Yes | Lever, 2005 |
| Branta hutchinsii | | Yes | | Lever, 2005 |
| Briza maxima (large quaking grass) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Bromus secalinus (rye brome) | | Yes | Yes | Oakes, 1990 |
| Brugmansia candida (angel's trumpet) | | Yes | Yes | Wagner et al., 1999 |
| Brugmansia suaveolens (white angel's trumpet) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Buddleja asiatica (dog tail) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Buddleja davidii (butterfly bush) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Caesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower) | | Yes | Yes | Flora of Nicaragua, 2014; Flora of Panama, 2014; PIER, 2014 |
| Calacarus carinatus (purple tea mite) | | Yes | Yes | Oliver & Cancienne, 1980 |
| Calliandra houstoniana var. calothyrsus (calliandra) | Planted for its red flowers | Yes | Yes | Orwa et al., 2009 |
| Callisia fragrans (basketplant) | Globally wide-spread ornamental | Yes | | Graveson, 2012 |
| Callisia repens | Planted as ornamental in gardens and yards | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 2013 |
| Callosciurus erythraeus (Pallas's squirrel) | | Yes | | Novillo & Ojeda, 2008 |
| Callosciurus finlaysonii (Finlayson's squirrel) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Canna indica (canna lilly) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Carassius auratus auratus (goldfish) | | Yes | | FishBase, 2004 |
| Cardiospermum grandiflorum (balloon vine) | Commercialized as ornamental | Yes | Yes | Henderson, 2001 |
| Cardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine) | Widely commercialized as ornamental | Yes | Yes | Gildenhuys et al., 2013 |
| Carpobrotus edulis (hottentot fig) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Cassia fistula (Indian laburnum) | | Yes | Yes | Bosch, 2007; Duke, 1983; Hanelt et al., 2001 |
| Cassia grandis (pink shower) | Widely cultivated as an ornamental in urban and garden areas | Yes | Yes | Toruan-Purba, 1999 |
| Cassia javanica (pink shower) | Widely used as an ornamental and roadside tree | Yes | Yes | Orwa et al., 2009 |
| Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) | | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 2015 |
| Centaurea macrocephala | | Yes | | |
| Centratherum punctatum (lark daisy) | Commercialized as ornamental. Seeds sold online. (http://davesgarden.com) | Yes | Yes | |
| Ceratophyllum demersum (coontail) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Cestrum diurnum (day jessamine) | Often planted for its showy and fragrant flowers | Yes | Yes | Langeland et al., 2008 |
| Cestrum nocturnum (night jessamine) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Chamaedorea elegans (parlour palm) | Widely commercialized as house plant | Yes | Yes | Hodel, 1992 |
| Channa marulius (bullseye snakehead) | | Yes | Yes | Courtenay & Williams, 2004; Froese & Pauly, 2009 |
| Christella dentata (soft fern) | Attractive ferns such as this could be spread intentionally in some cases. | Yes | | Drummond, 1959 |
| Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed) | Original introductions as an ornamental, now very unlikely to be repeated | Yes | | |
| Cinnamomum burmanni (padang cassia) | | Yes | Yes | Franck, 2012 |
| Citharexylum ellipticum (anacahuita) | Fences and gardens | Yes | Yes | Fuentes, 2012 |
| Citrus leprosis virus C (leprosis of citrus) | Infected mite vector can be transported in ornamental host plants. | Yes | Yes | |
| Clarias batrachus (walking catfish) | | Yes | | Welcomme, 1988 |
| Clerodendrum chinense (Chinese glory bower) | Common in gardens | Yes | Yes | PIER, 2012 |
| Clerodendrum indicum (Turk's turban) | Introduced from Old Tropics to New Tropics for ornamental purposes | Yes | Yes | |
| Clerodendrum thomsoniae (bleeding glory bower) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Clerodendrum wallichii (Wallich's glorybower) | | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 2014 |
| Clusia rosea | | Yes | Yes | Balakrishna & Bhattacharjee, 1991 |
| Cocos nucifera (coconut) | Mostly coastal areas | Yes | Yes | Chan & Elevitch, 2006 |
| Colocasia esculenta (taro) | Occasionally planted as ornamental | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 2012 |
| Colubrina asiatica (latherleaf) | | Yes | Yes | McCormick, 2007 |
| Combretum indicum (Rangoon creeper) | | Yes | Yes | Britton & Wilson, 1925; Britton, 1918; Flora Mesoamericana, 2015; Liogier & Martorell, 2000; Quisumbing, 1951 |
| Cordyline fruticosa (ti plant) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Cornus sericea (redosier dogwood) | Europe, Australia | Yes | | EPPO, 2009; Gardening Australia, 2009 |
| Cortaderia jubata (purple pampas grass) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Cortaderia selloana (pampas grass) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Corymbia citriodora (lemon-scented gum) | | Yes | Yes | Orwa et al., 2009 |
| Cosmos caudatus (wild cosmos) | Popular garden plant | Yes | Yes | |
| Costus spicatus (spiked spiralflag ginger) | Grown for its attractive foliage and bracts | Yes | Yes | Gonçalves et al., 2005 |
| Cotoneaster horizontalis (wall-spray) | | Yes | Yes | Dickoré & Kasperek, 2010 |
| Crassula helmsii (Australian swamp stonecrop) | | Yes | Yes | OEPP/EPPO, 2007 |
| Crataegus monogyna (hawthorn) | | Yes | Yes | Alverson & Sigg, 2008 |
| Cromileptes altivelis (humpback grouper) | Mainly in South-East Asia | Yes | Yes | Sadovy et al., 2007; Sadovy, 2000 |
| Crotalaria retusa (rattleweed) | Planted in gardens to attract insects | Yes | Yes | |
| Cryptostegia madagascariensis (Madagascar rubbervine) | | Yes | Yes | PIER, 2012 |
| Cupressus sempervirens (Mediterranean cypress) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Cyathea cooperi (australian tree fern) | Used for outdoor growing | Yes | Yes | Jones, 1987 |
| Cydalima perspectalis (box tree moth) | Most likely pathway of introduction to Europe | Yes | | Leuthardt et al., 2010 |
| Cylindropuntia rosea (hudson pear) | | Yes | | Deltoro et al., 2014 |
| Cynara cardunculus (cardoon) | Careless disposal results in seeds being spread | Yes | Yes | Parsons & Cuthbertson, 2001 |
| Cyperus imbricatus (shingle flatsedge) | Garden ornamental in ponds and water features | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 2013 |
| Cyperus papyrus (papyrus) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Cyprinus carpio (common carp) | | Yes | Yes | Hanchet, 1990; Moor & Bruton, 1988 |
| Cyrtomium falcatum (Japanese holly fern) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Cytisus scoparius (Scotch broom) | | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 2016 |
| Dalbergia sissoo | | Yes | Yes | Morton, 2007 |
| Datura innoxia (downy thorn apple) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Delonix regia (flamboyant) | | Yes | Yes | PIER, 2009 |
| Drosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila) | | Yes | | |
| East Asian Passiflora virus | | Yes | Yes | |
| Eichhornia azurea (anchored water hyacinth) | | Yes | | Gopal, 1987 |
| Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian olive) | | Yes | Yes | Katz & Shafroth, 2003 |
| Elaeagnus pungens (thorny olive) | | Yes | Yes | Miller, 2003 |
| Elaeagnus umbellata (autumn olive) | | Yes | Yes | Munger, 2003 |
| Elephantopus mollis (elephant's foot) | Assumed | Yes | Yes | |
| Elodea canadensis (Canadian pondweed) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Emilia fosbergii (Florida tassel-flower) | | Yes | Yes | Flora of Taiwan Editorial Committee, 2014 |
| Epipremnum pinnatum (centipede tongavine) | Planted in gardens and yards as a ground cover | Yes | Yes | Gilman, 2011 |
| Erigeron karvinskianus (Karwinsky’s fleabane) | Used as an ornamental worldwide (F Barthelat, IUCN Caribbean, Saint-Claude, Guadeloupe, pers obs) | Yes | Yes | |
| Etlingera elatior (torch ginger) | | Yes | Yes | Sakai et al., 2013 |
| Eucalyptus globulus (Tasmanian blue gum) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Eugenia uniflora (Surinam cherry) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Euonymus fortunei (wintercreeper) | Plants are sold for ornamental plantings | Yes | Yes | Dirr, 1998 |
| Euphorbia hypericifolia (graceful spurge) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Falcataria moluccana (batai wood) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Fallopia x bohemica | | | Yes | |
| Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue) | Widely grown as a lawn grass | Yes | Yes | |
| Ficus benghalensis (banyan) | Planted in gardens, parks, and sidewalks | Yes | Yes | PROTA, 2014 |
| Ficus benjamina (weeping fig) | | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 2014; Whistler, 2000; Wiersema & León, 1999 |
| Ficus elastica (rubber plant) | Intentionally cultivated worldwide for rubber production in the tropics and as an ornamental tree | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 2014; Whistler, 2000 |
| Ficus lyrata (fiddle-leaf fig) | Cultivated as an ornamental, specimen tree, or shade tree. | Yes | Yes | Flora of Nicaragua, 2014; Gilman & Watson, 2014; Hutchinson & Rendle, 1916; Madulid, 1995; Starr et al., 2003 |
| Ficus microcarpa (Indian laurel tree) | | Yes | Yes | Hanelt et al., 2001; PIER, 2014; USDA-ARS, 2014 |
| Ficus pumila (creeping fig) | | Yes | Yes | Britton, 1918; Floridata, 2014; Hooker, 1882 |
| Ficus religiosa (sacred fig tree) | | Yes | Yes | Mabberly, 2008; Starr et al., 2003; USDA-ARS, 2014; Whistler, 2000 |
| Flemingia strobilifera (wild hops) | | Yes | Yes | ISSG, 2014 |
| Fraxinus uhdei (tropical ash) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Furcraea foetida (Mauritius hemp) | Xeric landscaping plant | Yes | Yes | |
| Gaillardia pulchella (Indian blanket) | | Yes | Yes | Flora of China Editorial Committee, 2014 |
| Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier) | Contaminant in common ornamental plants | Yes | Yes | Damalas, 2008 |
| Gambusia affinis (western mosquitofish) | Ornamental fish | Yes | Yes | |
| Gaultheria shallon (salal) | | Yes | Yes | Discover Life, 2015; Pojar & Mackinnon, 2004 |
| Glechoma hederacea (ground ivy) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Gomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush) | Often planted as ornamental | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 2014 |
| Gracilaria tikvahiae (graceful red weed) | | Yes | Yes | Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, 2008 |
| Grevillea robusta (silky oak) | Ornamental shade tree | Yes | Yes | Orwa et al., 2009 |
| Gymnocoronis spilanthoides (Senegal tea plant) | As a pond plant | Yes | Yes | Weeds CRC, 2008 |
| Gypsophila paniculata (baby’s breath) | | Yes | Yes | Darwent, 1975 |
| Hedychium coccineum (scarlet ginger lily) | | Yes | Yes | Branney, 2005 |
| Hedychium coronarium (white butterfly ginger lily) | | Yes | | |
| Hedychium flavescens (wild ginger) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Hedychium gardnerianum (kahili ginger) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Heliconia bihai (macaw flower) | | Yes | Yes | Kress & Whittemore, 2000 |
| Heliocarpus americanus (white moho) | for reforestation | Yes | | Motooka et al., 2003 |
| Heracleum mantegazzianum (giant hogweed) | | Yes | Yes | Tiley et al., 1996 |
| Heracleum persicum (Persian hogweed) | | Yes | | |
| Heracleum sosnowskyi (Sosnowskyi's hogweed) | Occasionally cultivated in gardens as an ornamental plant | Yes | Yes | Kabuce, 2006 |
| Hibiscus tiliaceus (coast cottonwood) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Hiptage benghalensis (hiptage) | | Yes | Yes | PIER, 2007 |
| Holmskioldia sanguinea (Chinese hat plant) | | Yes | Yes | Gilman, 1999 |
| Hydrocharis morsus-ranae | | Yes | Yes | CWS, 2003 |
| Hygrophila polysperma (Indian swampweed) | | Yes | Yes | FNW Disseminules, 2007 |
| Hylocereus undatus (dragon fruit) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Hyoscyamus niger (black henbane) | Sometimes grown as an ornamental | | Yes | Knight, 2007 |
| Hypogeococcus pungens (cactus mealybug) | | Yes | | Mazzeo et al., 2014; Pellizzari & Porcelli, 2014 |
| Impatiens glandulifera (Himalayan balsam) | | Yes | | Beerling & Perrins, 1993 |
| Impatiens parviflora (small balsam) | | Yes | Yes | Trepl, 1984 |
| Imperata cylindrica (cogon grass) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Indigofera trita (Asian indigo) | | Yes | Yes | PROTA, 2014 |
| Ipomoea ochracea (fence morning-glory) | Widely cultivated throughout the tropics | Yes | Yes | Acevedo-Rodríguez, 2005 |
| Ipomoea purpurea (tall morning glory) | Often planted as an ornamental for its colorful flowers | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 2014 |
| Jacaranda mimosifolia (jacaranda) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Jasminum fluminense (Brazilian jasmine) | Commonly planted in gardens, yards and as a hedge plant | Yes | Yes | Acevedo-Rodríguez, 2005; Francis, 2004 |
| Jatropha gossypiifolia (bellyache bush) | | Yes | | |
| Juncus ensifolius (swordleaf rush) | Deliberately introduced outside native range as an attractive feature for ponds & bog gardens | Yes | | |
| Juncus planifolius (broadleaf rush) | | Yes | | |
| Justicia pectoralis (freshcut) | Planted in gardens - common in Cuban gardens | Yes | | Perez et al., 2001 |
| Kalanchoe daigremontiana (devil's backbone) | Planted as ornamental | Yes | Yes | Moran, 2009 |
| Kalanchoe delagoensis (chandelier plant) | | Yes | Yes | Moran, 2009 |
| Lagarosiphon major (African elodea) | | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 1997 |
| Lagerstroemia indica (Indian crape myrtle) | | Yes | Yes | USDA-NRCS, 2014 |
| Lantana camara (lantana) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Lemna perpusilla (duckweed) | | Yes | Yes | Maki & Galatowitsch, 2004 |
| Leonurus japonicus (honeyweed) | Planted in gardens | Yes | Yes | eFloras, 2014 |
| Lepomis gibbosus (pumpkinseed) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Leptospermum scoparium (manuka) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Leucanthemum vulgare (oxeye daisy) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Leuciscus idus (ide) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Ligustrum lucidum (broad-leaf privet) | Widely used as ornamental and hedge plants | Yes | | Swarbrick et al., 1999 |
| Ligustrum sinense (Chinese privet) | Widespread hedging plant | Yes | | |
| Ligustrum vulgare (common privet) | Introduced mainly as a hedge and ornamental plant | Yes | Yes | Zhao, 2012 |
| Limnobium laevigatum (South American spongeplant) | This plant was introduced to North American waterways through use as ornamental plant in aquariums a | Yes | | Encyclopedia of Life, 2016 |
| Limnocharis flava (yellow bur-head) | | | Yes | |
| Linaria dalmatica (dalmatian toadflax) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Lonicera maackii (Amur honeysuckle) | Ebay, Amazon, Sheffields.com | Yes | Yes | |
| Ludwigia grandiflora (water primrose) | | Yes | Yes | Dandelot et al., 2005; Okada et al., 2009 |
| Ludwigia peploides (water primrose) | | Yes | Yes | Dandelot et al., 2005 |
| Lupinus polyphyllus (garden lupin) | Accidental | Yes | Yes | NOBANIS, 2015 |
| Lygodium japonicum (Japanese climbing fern) | | Yes | | Ferriter, 2001 |
| Lygodium microphyllum (old world climbing fern) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife) | | Yes | | USDA-NRCS, 2007 |
| Macaranga tanarius (parasol leaf tree) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Oregongrape) | | Yes | | Ross et al., 2009 |
| Malvaviscus arboreus (wax mallow) | Often planted as ornamental and potted plant | Yes | Yes | Henny & et al. 1994, publ., 1995 |
| Melaleuca quinquenervia (paperbark tree) | | Yes | | Dray et al., 2006 |
| Melanoides tuberculata (red-rimmed melania) | | Yes | | |
| Merremia tuberosa (woodrose) | Commonly cultivated as ornamental | Yes | Yes | Mansur, 2001 |
| Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (crystalline iceplant) | | Yes | | Cal-IPC (California Invasive Plant Council), 2015 |
| Miconia calvescens (miconia) | Sold as a garden plant in Tahiti in the early 1980s | Yes | Yes | Meyer, 1998a |
| Mimosa pudica (sensitive plant) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) | Cultivated as an ornamental, ground cover and fence cover | Yes | Yes | Holm et al., 1997 |
| Morella faya (firetree) | | Yes | | |
| Morus nigra (black mulberry) | Cultivated for ornamental purposes in home gardens and roadsides | Yes | Yes | Orwa et al., 2009 |
| Myriophyllum aquaticum (parrot's feather) | | | Yes | |
| Myroxylon balsamum (Peru balsam) | | | Yes | |
| Nandina domestica (Nandina) | Fruits used in flower arrangements | Yes | Yes | Li, 2002 |
| Neyraudia reynaudiana (burma reed) | | Yes | | Gordon, 1998; Guala, 1990; Majtkowski & Majtkowsk, 2000 |
| Nymphoides peltata (yellow floating-heart) | | | Yes | NWCB, 2007 |
| Odontonema callistachyum (purple firespike) | | Yes | Yes | Daniel, 1995 |
| Odontonema cuspidatum (Cardinal’s guard) | | Yes | Yes | Daniel, 1995 |
| Oeceoclades maculata (monk orchid) | | Yes | Yes | Stern, 1988 |
| Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata (wild olive) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Olea europaea subsp. europaea (European olive) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Opogona sacchari (banana moth) | | Yes | | |
| Opuntia aurantiaca (jointed cactus) | Ornamental trade | Yes | Yes | |
| Opuntia elatior (red-flower prickly pear) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Opuntia engelmannii (cactus apple) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Opuntia monacantha (common prickly pear) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Opuntia stricta (erect prickly pear) | As an ornamental | Yes | Yes | |
| Oxalis corniculata (creeping woodsorrel) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Paederia foetida (skunkvine) | Grown as an ornamental climbing vine | Yes | Yes | Starr et al., 2003 |
| Pandanus tectorius (screw pine) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Paspalum urvillei (Vasey grass) | | | Yes | Gardening.eu, 2012 |
| Passiflora caerulea (blue passionflower) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Paulownia tomentosa (paulownia) | | Yes | Yes | SE-EPPC, 2003 |
| Pelargonium odoratissimum (apple geranium) | Species has been cultivated beyond its native range as an ornamental | Yes | Yes | Dasuki, 2002; Hanelt et al., 2001; USDA-ARS, 2014 |
| Pelargonium peltatum (ivy geranium) | Species exported from South Africa in 1700s for ornamental cultivation. | Yes | Yes | Miller, 1996; Walt JJAvan der, 1977 |
| Pelargonium zonale (horseshoe pelargonium) | | Yes | Yes | Miller, 1996; SANBI, 2014; Walt JJAvan der, 1977 |
| Pelophylax cf. bedriagae | | | Yes | Holsbeek et al., 2008 |
| Pennisetum clandestinum (kikuyu grass) | As a turf grass | Yes | Yes | |
| Pennisetum setaceum (fountain grass) | Planted as ornamental | Yes | Yes | Florabase, 2012 |
| Persicaria wallichii (Himalayan knotweed) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Phaius tankervilleae (nun’s-hood orchid) | | Yes | Yes | Ackerman, 2012 |
| Phenacoccus solenopsis (cotton mealybug) | | | Yes | |
| Phoenix canariensis (Canary Island date palm) | | Yes | Yes | DiTomaso & Healy, 2006 |
| Phyllostachys aurea (golden bamboo) | | Yes | Yes | Gucker, 2009 |
| Phyllostachys aureosulcata (yellow groove bamboo) | | Yes | Yes | USDA-APHIS, 2012 |
| Physalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Phytophthora lateralis (Port-Orford-cedar root disease) | | Yes | Yes | Zobel et al., 1985 |
| Pimenta dioica (allspice) | Often used as an ornamental species in many countries. | Yes | | |
| Pimenta racemosa (bay rum tree) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Pinus elliottii (slash pine) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Piper aduncum (spiked pepper) | | Yes | Yes | Hartemink, 2010 |
| Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce) | | Yes | Yes | Gherardi, 2007 |
| Pittosporum undulatum (Australian cheesewood) | | Yes | Yes | Gleadow & Ashton, 1981 |
| Plectranthus amboinicus (Indian borage) | Widely cultivated in home gardens and commercially for culinary, medicinal, and ornamental use | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 2014 |
| Plectranthus scutellarioides (coleus) | | Yes | Yes | Missouri Botanical Garden, 2014b |
| Poecilia reticulata (guppy) | | Yes | | |
| Populus alba (silver-leaf poplar) | | Yes | Yes | Jobling, 1990 |
| Populus nigra (black poplar) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Portulaca pilosa (kiss-me-quick) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Potamogeton crispus (curlyleaf pondweed) | | Yes | Yes | Stuckey, 1979 |
| Prosopis glandulosa (honey mesquite) | As a urban/street tree in native range | | Yes | Pasiecznik et al., 2001 |
| Prosopis juliflora (mesquite) | Planted as a street tree | | Yes | Pasiecznik et al., 2001 |
| Prunella vulgaris (self-heal) | | Yes | Yes | Godoy et al., 2011 |
| Prunus serotina (black cherry) | Until the late 18th century, P. serotina was sparsely planted in parks and gardens in several Europe | Yes | | Starfinger et al., 2003; Vanhellemont et al., 2009 |
| Pseudococcus viburni (osbcure mealybug) | On ornamental nursery plants | Yes | Yes | |
| Pseudorasbora parva (topmouth gudgeon) | | Yes | Yes | Copp et al., 2005b |
| Psidium cattleianum (strawberry guava) | | Yes | | Samson, 1989 |
| Ptychosperma macarthurii (Macarthur palm) | One of the most widely grown and popular palm species | Yes | Yes | Dowe, 2007 |
| Pueraria montana var. lobata (kudzu) | | Yes | Yes | Shurtleff & Aoyagi, 1977 |
| Pyrrhalta luteola (elm leaf beetle) | Reproducing European gardens (USA, Australia) | Yes | Yes | |
| Raoiella indica (red palm mite) | Dept. of Homeland Security Custom and Border Control found palm handicrafts to carry eggs and adults | | Yes | |
| Rhagoletis cingulata (cherry fruit fly) | Host plants as ornamentals | | Yes | |
| Rhodeus ocellatus ocellatus (rosy bitterling) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Downy rose-myrtle) | Deliberate, occasional | Yes | Yes | Campbell, 1977; Staples & Herbst, 2005 |
| Rhus typhina (staghorn sumac) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Rivina humilis (bloodberry) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Rosa rugosa (rugosa rose) | | Yes | Yes | Bruun, 2005 |
| Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Roystonea oleracea (Caribbean royal palm) | The species has been widely cultivated worldwide since the 1500s | Yes | | Zucaratto & dos Santos Pires, 2014 |
| Rubus ellipticus (yellow Himalayan raspberry) | | Yes | | Gardner, 1999 |
| Rubus racemosus (black raspberry) | | Yes | Yes | Lim, 2012 |
| Rudbeckia laciniata (cutleaf coneflower) | | Yes | Yes | National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 2015 |
| Ruellia simplex (Mexican petunia) | | Yes | Yes | Hupp et al., 2013 |
| Saccharum ravennae (ravenna grass) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Sagittaria latifolia (broadleaf arrowhead) | | | Yes | DAISIE, 2009; NOBANIS, 2009 |
| Salvia occidentalis (West Indian sage) | | Yes | | Stone et al., 1992 |
| Salvia splendens (scarlet sage) | | Yes | Yes | DAISIE, 2014 |
| Salvinia auriculata (giant salvinia) | | Yes | Yes | ISSG, 2009 |
| Salvinia molesta (Kariba weed) | | Yes | Yes | McFarland et al., 2004 |
| Sanchezia parvibracteata (sanchezia) | Often planted as ornamental | Yes | Yes | Daniel, 1995 |
| Sansevieria hyacinthoides (African bowstring hemp) | Commonly planted in gardens and yards | Yes | Yes | Langeland et al., 2008 |
| Scaevola taccada (beach naupaka) | Gardens in coastal areas | Yes | Yes | Kaufman & Kaufman, 2007 |
| Schefflera actinophylla (umbrella tree) | | Yes | Yes | Gucker, 2011 |
| Schinus terebinthifolius (Brazilian pepper tree) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Sciurus niger (fox squirrel) | | Yes | Yes | Aprile & Chicco, 1999 |
| Senna bacillaris (whitebark senna) | | Yes | Yes | Merrill, 1923; Pelser et al., 2014; Standley & Steyermark, 1946 |
| Senna multijuga (November shower) | Primary reason for introduction to areas outside of species’ native range | Yes | Yes | Flora of Nicaragua, 2014; Hanelt et al., 2001; PIER, 2014 |
| Senna septemtrionalis (smooth senna) | | Yes | Yes | Missouri Botanical Garden, 2014; Sosef & Maesen, 1997 |
| Senna siamea (yellow cassia) | | Yes | Yes | Hassain, 1999 |
| Senna spectabilis (whitebark senna) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Senna surattensis (golden senna) | Species widely introduced throughout Old and New World tropics as an ornamental | Yes | Yes | PIER, 2014; Sosef & Maesen, 1997 |
| Sicyos angulatus (burcucumber) | In the 1800s it was introduced into Europe for ornamental purposes | Yes | | Hulina, 1996 |
| Solanum capsicoides (cockroach berry) | Introduced intentionally for its attractive and bright coloured fruit | Yes | | Staples & Herbst, 2005 |
| Solanum mammosum (nipplefruit nightshade) | Intentionally cultivated as an ornamental or curiosity plant worldwide | Yes | Yes | PBI Solanum Project, 2014 |
| Solanum seaforthianum (Brazilian nightshade) | Planted as ornamental | Yes | Yes | Gallagher et al., 2010 |
| Solidago canadensis (Canadian goldenrod) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Solidago gigantea (giant goldenrod) | | Yes | Yes | Weber & Jakobs, 2005 |
| Solidago nemoralis (grey goldenrod) | Hypothetical | Yes | Yes | |
| Spathodea campanulata (African tulip tree) | | Yes | | ICRAF, 2008 |
| Spathoglottis plicata (Philippine ground orchid) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Spermacoce verticillata (shrubby false buttonwood) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Sphagneticola trilobata (wedelia) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Stachytarpheta urticifolia (rattail) | | Yes | Yes | Kuo, 2003 |
| Sturnus vulgaris (common starling) | | Yes | | |
| Syngonium podophyllum (arrowhead vine) | Popular ornamental plant | Yes | Yes | ISSG, 2012 |
| Syzygium cumini (black plum) | | Yes | | Morton, 1987 |
| Syzygium malaccense (Malay apple) | | Yes | Yes | Little & Skolmen, 1989; Panggabean, 1991; Whistler & Elevitch, 2006 |
| Tabebuia heterophylla (pink trumpet tree) | | Yes | Yes | Weaver, 1990 |
| Tamarix ramosissima (saltcedar) | Introduction and local spread | Yes | | |
| Tamias sibiricus (Siberian chipmunk) | Cause of at least one population in Belgium | | Yes | Verbeylen, 2002; Verbeylen, 2003 |
| Tephrosia candida (white tephrosia) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Thaumetopoea processionea (oak processionary moth) | | Yes | | Evans, 2007 |
| Thespesia populnea (portia tree) | | Yes | Yes | |
| Thunbergia alata (black eyed Susan) | | Yes | Yes | Whistler, 2000 |
| Thunbergia fragrans (whitelady) | | Yes | Yes | Starr et al., 2003 |
| Thunbergia grandiflora (Bengal trumpet) | Plants are commonly planted in gardens and yards as ornamentals | Yes | Yes | Starr et al., 2003 |
| Tibouchina herbacea (cane tibouchina) | May have been introduced to Hawaii as an ornamental | Yes | | Frohlich & Lau, 2007 |
| Tibouchina urvilleana (princessflower) | | Yes | | Starr et al., 2003 |
| Tithonia diversifolia (Tithonia) | | Yes | Yes | Palm et al., 1996 |
| Tradescantia pallida (purple queen) | | Yes | Yes | Foxcroft et al., 2007 |
| Tradescantia spathacea (boat lily) | | Yes | Yes | Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council, 2011; PIER, 2012 |
| Trapa natans (waterchestnut) | | Yes | Yes | Hummel & Kiviat, 2004 |
| Turnera ulmifolia (West Indian holly) | Often grown as ornamental | Yes | Yes | USDA-ARS, 2014 |
| Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail) | | | Yes | USDA-NRCS, 2010 |
| Typha x glauca (hybrid cattail) | Inflorescences are sold as decorative objests | Yes | Yes | Morton, 1975 |
| Umbra pygmaea (eastern mudminnow) | | Yes | | Grabowska et al., 2010 |
| Verbascum thapsus (common mullein) | | Yes | Yes | Gross & Werner, 1978 |
| Vernicia fordii (tung-oil tree) | Occasionally grown as ornamental for its showy flowers | Yes | Yes | Miller et al., 2010 |
| Viguiera dentata (sunflower goldeneye) | Sometimes planted as ornamental in gardens | Yes | Yes | Vibrans, 2009 |
| Wisteria sinensis (Chinese wisteria) | | | Yes | Trusty et al., 2008 |
| Xanthosoma sagittifolium (elephant ear) | Sometimes planted in gardens | Yes | Yes | Manner, 2011 |
| Xyris complanata (yellow-eyed grass) | Grown as a pond plant | | Yes | |