• Toxicology:
  Toxicity and other adverse effects of pesticides, drugs, medicinal plants, radiation. Toxins and venoms of snakes and arthropods including biochemistry and physiology. Biology and metabolism of toxins in food.
   
• Food science:
  Analysis of food composition and quality in relation to nutrition. Nutritive value of foods, food microbiology, food safety, food contamination.

• Community health:
  Patterns of disease, health inequalities, health determinants, health indicators in a defined geographical area or in particular groups of the population. Community-based interventions to promote health. Community participation in health interventions. Neighbourhood effects on health, e.g. effects of environment, traffic, housing, pollution, poverty, cultural attitudes.
   
• Social medicine and behaviour:
  Relationships between health, disease and social conditions including: causes and patterns of disease, social health. Determinants andcauses of health inequality, e.g. socioeconomic status, education, housing, ethnicity, gender. Substance abuse including tobacco, alcohol, behavioural patterns and behaviour change, influences on behaviour such as advertising, health campaigns, partner violence and injury.
   
• Rural health:
  Health and disease patterns in rural populations. Health promotion and disease prevention activities. Access to health care and provision of health services. Occupational health and safety of farming, and rural occupations such as forestry. Pesticide safety and poisoning, as well as general farm safety
   
• Refugee and migrant health:
  Epidemiology, prevalence and incidence of infectious and noncommunicable diseases, diet and nutritional status, health services for refugees including access to and uptake of healthcare, emergency medicine. Cultural attitudes to care.
   
• Geriatric health
  Changing patterns of disease associated with ageing, disease/injury epidemiology and prevention in the elderly. e.g. fall prevention, nutritional supplements, vaccination.
   
• Maternal and child health:
  Health of mothers and children. Prevalence and incidence of infectious and non-communicable diseases. Newborn screening. Access to healthcare, disease transmission, perinatal and maternal mortality and morbidity. Family planning, disease prevention, nutrition, health education and promotion. Breastfeeding.
   
• Women’s health:
  Prevalence and contributing factors to partner violence and injury, health services for women, access to healthcare, health inequalities, education, sexual and reproductive health including female circumcision and fertility rates, mortality/morbidity, infectious diseases, chronic diseases, nutrition.
   
• Sexual and reproductive health:
  Sexual health promotion and prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Sexual risk behaviours and attitudes to them. Epidemiology, transmission, diagnosis, treatment of STIs. Reproductive health promotion and disease prevention. Pregnancy screening. Antenatal care provision and maternity services in developing countries and rural areas.
   
• Implementation and practice:
  Practical implementation of public health programmes, guidelines and policies, regionally, nationally and internationally.

• Disseminating health messages:
  Improving public health by use of communication programmes and materials to change behaviour via schools, mass media, extension services, universities and the community. Regional and national programmes.
   
• Community health programmes:
  Community interventions directed at reducing chronic diseases by improving exercise, diet and lifestyle and reducing infectious diseases by improving immunization uptake.
   
• Disease prevention:
  Disease surveillance and prevention activities in the general population including screening for disease, immunization and disease prophylaxis. Outbreak control and infection control.

• Environmental health:
  Human diseases caused by environmental factors, poor environmental conditions or environmental destruction. Public health pests and allergies to fungi and insects, water-borne and soil-borne diseases, monitoring and effects of exposure to environmental factors including pollution, effects of climate change on health.
   
• Food safety and hygiene:
  Protection of the food supply from microbial, chemical and physical hazards or contamination that may occur during food production, handling, harvesting, processing, transport, preparation, distribution or storage. Includes any agent that enters the body through ingestion of food or beverage as well as hazard control systems.
   
• Sanitation and water supply:
  Water supply and quality. Water treatment methods and quality monitoring to reduce contamination and prevent spread of disease.
   
• Occupational health:
  Occupation as a risk for specific diseases. Safety and hygiene, infectious diseases related to occupation. Work-related accidents/injuries, exposure to hazards in the work place, ergonomics for low-income and transitional economies. Health and safety and disease prevention in rural occupations.

• Public health nutrition:
  A population approach to the prevention of illness and the promotion of health through nutrition. Includes nutritional epidemiology, nutrition surveys, nutrition education and socioeconomics. Diet influences on chronic and infectious diseases. Nutrition policy, nutrient requirements, food fortification programmes, infant and child nutrition, growth, geriatric nutrition, assessment of nutritional status, and provision of nutrition services and programmes.
   
• Clinical nutrition:
  Diet in treatment of disease. Parenteral and enteral feeding. Therapeutic diets and nutritional support. Nutritional assessment of patients. Deficiency diseases and malnutrition: pathology and treatment.
   
• Nutritional physiology and biochemistry: 
  Effects of nutrients, food supplements and food components on man and animal models. Digestion, absorption and uptake of nutrients, appetite, effects of fasting, physiology of taste. Biochemistry of vitamins and essential trace elements and minerals. Effects of deficiency.

• Bacterial and viral diseases:
  Epidemiology, transmission, diagnosis, clinical management and prevention of bacterial and viral diseases in humans.
   
• Medical entomology:
  All aspects of medically important insect and arthropod vectors and arthropod parasites and diseases transmitted by them. From biology to clinical aspects.
   
• Fungal and parasitic diseases:
  All aspects from biology of the parasite or fungus to clinical management and prevention of diseases, and testing of antiparasitic and antifungal drugs. Includes reservoirs and intermediate hosts.
   
• Zoonotic disease and veterinary public health:
  Zoonoses in animals, transmission to humans, diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment, clinical studies and prevention in humans. Monitoring of wild animal reservoirs, and studies of disease vectors. Includes emerging diseases such as SARS, avian influenza, West Nile virus and foodborne zoonoses.
   
• Nosocomial diseases:
  Diseases acquired in hospital. Epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical aspects and management. Disease transmission and prevention. Outbreak investigations, infection control and hand hygiene.
   

• Tropical medicine:
  Medicine in tropical and developing countries; infectious and parasitic diseases including neglected tropical diseases, disease vectors and arthropod parasites. Epidemiology and prevention of chronic diseases in developing countries. Treating disease in resource-poor settings.
   
• Traditional medicine:
  Traditional medicine and its interaction with ‘western’ medicine in low-income countries, including adverse effects, utilization and costs.Use of herbal remedies and traditional healers.
   
• Travel medicine:
  Imported infections from tropical and other regions (bacterial, vectorborne, viral, fungal and parasitic): diagnosis, clinical aspects and prophylaxis. Travel advice guidelines, immunization and vaccination. Global epidemics fuelled by travel.
   
• Tropical public health:
  Public health in developing countries, health promotion, disease prevention, health education, e.g. reproductive and sexual health: provision of family planning and attitudes to it, STI and AIDS epidemic prevention efforts. Maternal and child health, including programmes to combat child malnutrition and prevent disease and improve health of the under fives. Effects of childhood and maternal malnutrition on health. Reducing maternal and perinatal mortality. All aspects of occupational health. Accident and injury prevention, e.g. from road traffic accidents.
   
• International health:
  International efforts to reduce burden of global diseases and improve health. International programmes in developing countries and transitional economies to improve health and tackle diseases. Includes reports of international agencies on global disease activities.

Related products

Related books

Introduction to Pandemic Influenza by C Sellwood, J Van-Tam November 2009 Hardback / 9781845936259 / £60.00 / $114.00 / €84.00 Paperback / 9781845935788 / £35.00 / $66.50 / €49.00

Food Supply Networks: by M Canavari, N Cantore, M Fritz, G J Hofstede, G Schiefer March 2011 Hardback / 9781845936396 / £55.00 / $105.00 / €75.00 Paperback / 9781845936389 / £27.50 / $52.50 / €37.50

Keys to the Trematoda, Volume 3 by R A Bray, D I Gibson, A Jones October 2008 Hardback / 9780851995885 / £165.00 / $313.50 / €231.00

Related projects

Solving the problem of tick damage for Africa's livestock