This concluding chapter highlights three main points implicitly or explicitly discussed by the authors in this volume: (1) urban cultivation is much more than producing food; (2) urban cultivation should be seen as a normal and accepted livelihood in all urban areas, and that land rights and the...

This chapter uses the lens of social-ecological resilience to understand community gardens in three very different locations, and how they may represent the rapidly growing community garden movement in different urban contexts in the Global North. The first case focuses on the burgeoning community...

This chapter examines the contribution of an urban irrigated agriculture project towards household food security and poverty alleviation in Harare City, Zimbabwe. It also considers the types of crops grown, crop productivity and challenges faced by the urban farmers. Findings from this case study...

Over the last 10 years, patches of green have started to reappear throughout Kenya's Kibera slum, as community members have started small urban farms or gardens near many of the houses. Most recently, thousands of residents have begun sack gardening. This chapter considers the effects of this...

This chapter investigates how displaced women in Medellín, Colombia, utilize urban gardens as a survival strategy in the face of food insecurity and tenuous support from local government. The gardens in Medellín are permitted under the guise of supporting displaced families, but also for preserving ...

This chapter presents the findings of a study on community gardens in the cities of Brisbane and Gold Coast (Queensland, Australia) using an urban political ecology approach. The study examines (1) the characteristics of community gardens in the study area; (2) the motivations underpinning garden...

This chapter questions the use of sustainability discourses in urban agriculture projects, with a comparative study of Austin, Texas and La Habana, Cuba. Faced with a food security crisis in the 1990s, Cuba turned to a diversified and mostly organic agricultural system in order to feed its...

This chapter documents the attempts of the food justice movement in the lower Pioneer Valley of Massachusetts (USA) to challenge inequities in the agri-food system, while addressing broader socio-economic and racial disparities in the region. It documents how marginalized communities and their...

This chapter presents findings from a study of 31 urban agriculture (UA) sites in Houston (Texas, USA), which examined the site objective, plot access regime, land tenure, cultivation practices, labour, capital, and harvest destination. Results show, among others, that the all-access regime is...

After reviewing the relevant literature, this chapter investigates the geographic distribution of community gardens in the County of San Diego (California, USA) to identify the types of neighbourhoods where gardens are likely to grow. The chapter then considers three gardens, focusing on the...