In recent years, the reproductive performance of sows has been drastically improved. Nowadays, on many farms, with the use of hyperprolific sows, the average litter size exceeds 13 piglets at farrowing and 11.5 at weaning. These changes in performance have had major effects on the nutritional...

This chapter covers the nutrition and nutritional and metabolic diseases of South American camelids (SACs). Focus is given on diseases (Listeria monocytogenes, fungi and Bacillus licheniformis) arising from giving of poor quality and contaminated feeds, nutrient requirements and recommendations,...

Pregnancy detection through rectal palpation, hormone testing and ultrasonography; single and twin pregnancy management; embryo mortality; physical and nutritional management and health and disease prevention of pregnant mares are described.

This chapter discusses the influence of production levels and feeding systems on the energy and protein requirements of goats in general. The energy and protein requirements for maintenance, physical activity, milk production and pregnancy of adult goats are discussed in details, as well as the...

This book is comprised of 20 chapters covering several aspects of equine medicine, with focus on horses used as working animals. It serves as a quick guide to help equine practitioners in the field worldwide, particularly those who have no access to sophisticated equipment. The topics discussed are ...

In this chapter, a review on the physiological changes associated with the changes in nutrient requirements and intake in ruminants during pregnancy and lactation was discussed. Topics include: oestrus, pregnancy, causes of declining intake in late pregnancy in ruminants, lactation, and...

Milk production with dairy ewes requires more intensive systems and more nutrients per animal than are usually necessary for meat or wool production systems. During lactation, nutrient requirements may be very high. Inadequate feeding may reduce both the daily milk production and the length of the...