This book is a joint effort led by five editors, Kerry L. LaPlante, Cheston B. Cunha, Haley J. Morrill, Louis B. Rice, and Eleftherios Mylonakis, with a team of section editors and the authors, who have brought together 38 chapters that describe the principles and practice of antimicrobial...

This chapter will examine common factors that facilitate the colonization and subsequent infection and transmission of antimicrobial-resistant healthcare-associated pathogens. The primary focus will be intestinal colonization and the critical role of antimicrobial selective pressure. Findings from...

This chapter will: highlight specific categories of diagnostics that have shown clear outcome benefits, or the potential for benefits in conjunction with antibiotic stewardship efforts; identify components to consider when implementing a rapid technology, and trends in diagnostics for infectious...

Creating an institutional IV to PO conversion policy is an easy way for antimicrobial stewardship programmes to demonstrate value while improving patient outcomes, reducing resistance, reducing cost, and improving patient safety. This chapter will further discuss the reasons behind IV to PO...

This chapter reviews the components of an antimicrobial stewardship programme (ASP) that are required for the successful reduction of antimicrobial expenditures, especially through formulary management and the optimization of patient therapy and outcomes, with the final goal of reducing the burden...

This chapter gives an overview about: metrics of antibiotic use for benchmarking; risk adjustment for antibiotic usage; quality-based benchmarking. It is suggested that benchmarking their antibiotic use against that of other hospitals can help hospitals to identify areas where antibiotic use can be ...

The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) guidelines for developing an effective antimicrobial stewardship programme (ASP) in hospitals were published in 2007. These guidelines outlined several principles that can be used to...

Over the last 25 years, advances in technology have significantly changed practice within the healthcare setting. From literature searching, e-mail communication, electronic medical records, clinical decision support systems to mobile devices, every component has helped to enhance access to data,...

This chapter gives an overviews about: the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and SHEA guidelines; the CDC guidelines; the IDSA/ATS guidelines on the management of CAP; guidelines for ASP implementation - targets, outcomes, measures. In conclusion, the use of guidelines can help to...

Antimicrobial stewardship has been an effective strategy to improve antibiotic prescribing in paediatrics. A significant reduction in antibiotic use has been observed in freestanding children's hospitals with active antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) and in outpatient settings where...