Damage based identification key for endophagous herbivores on Common Reed (Phragmites australis)

Author: Patrick Häfliger ©
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CABI Europe - Switzerland, Rue des Grillons 1, CH-2800 Delémont

Species description

			Thrypticus smaragdinus Gerstaecker (Dipt.: Dolichopodidae)
									Archanara dissoluta Archanara geminipuncta Archanara neurica Arenostola phragmitidis Chilo phragmitellus Giraudiella inclusa Lasioptera arundinis Lasioptera hungarica Lipara lucens Lipara pullitarsis Lipara rufitarsis Lipara similis Microlasioptera flexuosa Phragmataecia castaneae Platycephala planifrons Rhizedra lutosa Schoenobius gigantellus Steneotarsonemus phragmitis Tetramesa phragmitis Thrypticus smaragdinus
	Biology: Larvae are recorded as hibernating in the rhizome and are carried up in spring by shoot growth. Larvae feed on the felt tissue in lower internodes of growing shoots. Before pupation in June, larvae prepare an emergence window just below the next node (picture). Adults hatch in June/July. Description: Larvae up to 10 mm long, slender, white; pupa with 4 thorns on each side (picture 4); adults metallic green (picture 76). Feeding pattern/damage: Emergence windows/holes are the only sign of infestation by Thrypticus (picture 77). Inside the internodes a cocoon is connected to the emergence window (picture 21). The internodes below the cocoon show only slightly dark or whitish patches or lines. Distribution: Europe References: Lübben, 1908; Häfliger et al., 2001				Pic. 4: Pupa of Thrypticus smaragdinus Pic. 21: Cocoon of Thrypticus smaragdinus Pic. 76: Adult Thrypticus smaragdinus Pic 77: Emergence window of T. smaragdinus

2/04/07

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