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Colletotrichum acutatum (black spot of strawberry) The disease is significant worldwide on strawberry (on which it is considered the second most important pathogen after Botrytis cinerea), and...
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Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (bacterial canker of tomato) Since the first report of the disease in the USA in 1910, bacterial canker has spread throughout the world and causes serious losses to both...
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Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (Potato ring rot) Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus has the propensity to exist asymptomatically as latent infections in potato...
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citrus huanglongbing (greening) disease (citrus greening) HLB has been regarded as one of the most important threats to global commercial and sustainable citrus production. It is estimated that globally...
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Phoma tracheiphila (mal secco) P. tracheiphila is a conidial fungus causing serious damage and death to the host, particularly lemon [Citrus limon], in...
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Cryphonectria parasitica (blight of chestnut) The American chestnut was the most important tree species in the former oak-chestnut forest and a dominant species in the mixed mesophytic forest...
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Erwinia amylovora (fireblight) The long distance spread of fire blight is a rare event which in most cases seems to be the result of plants or plant tissues being moved...
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Gibberella circinata (pitch canker) G. circinata gained its reputation as an invasive pest following its discovery in California, USA, in 1986. Although the disease was well...
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Gremmeniella abietina (Brunchorstia disease) Brunchorstia dieback, caused by G. abietina, was reported to have devastated Pinus nigra var. maritima [P. nigra subsp. laricio] in Scandinavia in...
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Guignardia citricarpa (citrus black spot) Black spot has been present in Australia, South Africa and parts of Asia for many years (Kotze, 2000). Most of the losses in Australia and South...
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